中考英语总复习：冠词、数词

中考英语总复习：冠词、数词

冠词

1. 种类：（1）不定冠词：a / an a unit / an uncle

元音开头的可数名词前用an :

an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock /

（2）定冠词：the the egg the plane

2. 用法:

不定冠词用法；（1）用来表示“—”的意思，但不强调数的观念，只说明名词为不特定者。即不具体说明是何人何物。（2）不定冠词含有“—”的意思，但数量观念没有one强烈，在句子里边一般可以不必译出，但若有“一个”的意思则译出，（3）一般用在可数名词单数前，指人或事物的某一种类。（4.）固定搭配。

a lot Of, a lot, a little, a few, a glass Of, such a／an, have a word with, have a look, have a try, have a swim, a quarter, half an hour, three times a day, have a talk, give a talk, en Yuan a kilo

定冠词的用法：

（1）特指某（些）人或物。（2）指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或物。（3）用在形容最高级和部分比较级前。（4）用在序数词前。（5）用在世界上独一无二的事物前（如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等）。（6）用在某些形容词前，表示—类人或物。

the rich（富人）,the poor（穷人）,the deaf（聋人）,the blind（盲人）,the dead（死者）,the wounded （伤员）

（7）用在姓氏复数前,表示“某某—家人”或“某某夫妇”。（8）用在乐器前。

（9）用于逢“十”的复数数词前，指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁。. In the 1970s, （10）用在某些专有名词和习惯用语中。

the United Nations, the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Palace Museum, in the end, in the day, in the middle Of, ll the time, in the east, by the way, On the way tO, the（more）……

the（more）…“越…越…”

不用冠词的情况：

（1）名词前有指示代词this,that,these,those时不用冠词。（2）名词前有物主代词my,your,his her,their等时不用冠词。（3）名词前有whose,which, ,any,each,every等代词时不用冠词。（4）复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词。

eg.Those young men are teachers,not students.

（5）物质名词表示种类时不用冠词。eg.Snow is white.

（6）抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词。eg.Does she like music？

（7）在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词。eg.play basketball／soccer／chess

（8）在三餐前不用冠词。eg.have breakfast／lunch／supper／dinner

（9）在人名、地名、节假日、星期、月份前不用。

（10）在学科和节目名称前不用冠词。

（11）在某些固定搭配中不用冠词。

eg.at noon, at work,at home,by bus, by air,On foot,from morning till night,at night,gO tO school,go to bed,at last

在有些词组中，用冠词和不用冠词意思有较大区别。

in hospital（在住院）；in the hospital（在医院）

in prison（在坐牢）；in the prison（在监狱里）

at table（吃饭,用餐）；at the table（在桌旁）

in front of（在某个范围之外的前面）；in the front of（在某个范围之外的前面）

go to college（上大学）；go to the college（去那所大学）

take place（发生）；take the place（代替）

习题：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划×。

1. Tomorrow is ______ Teachers' Day and we'll make ______ card for our English teacher.

2. The bus is running about seventy miles_____ hour.

3. Mary is interested in ______ science.

4. Some people don't like to talk at ______ table.

5. Last night I went to______ bed very late.

6. Don't worry. We still have ______ little time left.

7. What ______ beautiful day! And what ______ fine weather!

8 In ______ winter it is cold in ______ Beijing and warm in ________Shanghai.

9. John is______ cleverest boy in his class.

10. We can't live without ______ water or ______ air.

11. Tomorrow Mr. Smith will leave Paris, ______capital of______ France, for Washington by______ air.

12. We were having______ lunch when they came in.

13. This is ______ book you gave me last week.

14. What did you do ______ last Saturday?

15. March 8 is ______ Women's Day.

16. If ______ weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park.

17. I prefer playing ______ piano to playing ______ basketball.

18. At ______ age of five, he read a lot of books.

19. Tom and Lucy are of ______ same age.

20. ______ harder we study, ______ more we learn.

21．There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall．

22．This is _______ useful book．I've read it for _______ hour．

23． _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse．

24． _______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day．

25．Let's go out for _______ walk．

26．It's too hot．Open _______ door，please．

27．There is _______ woman over there． _______ woman is Meimei's mother．

28． _______ sun rises in _______ east．

29． _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China．

30．Are you going to do it _______ second time？

31．What _______ important news！