考研阅读逐句译2003年第3篇

唐静考研阅读逐句翻译2003年第3篇第1句In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly.

词汇：

merge //v. 合并

monopoly //n. 垄断

结构：

In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other（主干）, //merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly（逗号并列的两个分词短语都作结果状语）.

译文：

近年来，铁路公司相互联合，合并成一个个超级系统，引起人们对垄断行为的高度关注。

唐静考研阅读逐句翻译2003年第3篇第2句As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails.

词汇：

account for // 占

结构：

As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for （主语和谓语动词）// under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails（宾语是under 70 percent of the total ton-miles；under是“不到、不足”的意思；moved by rails是过去分词作定语，修饰宾语）.

译文：

最近就在1995年，四家最大的铁路公司的运输量（以吨英里计算）还不到整个铁路运输总量的70%。

唐静考研阅读逐句翻译2003年第3篇第3句Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.

词汇：

merger //n. 兼并

freight //n. 货物

carrier //n. 货运公司

结构：

Next year, after a series of mergers is completed（时间状语从句）, //just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers（主句）.

译文：

到明年，一系列兼并活动完成之后，仅仅是这四家铁路公司将控制主要铁路公司货运总量的90％以上。

唐静考研阅读逐句翻译2003年第3篇第4句和第5句Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks.

词汇：

allow for // 将…考虑在内；

substantial //adj. 数目大的，可观的；实质的，根本的

coordinated //adj. 组织有序的；相互搭配的

truck //n. 卡车

结构：

Supporters of the new supersystems argue（主句）//that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service（that宾语从句，其中and并列了两个宾语）.

Any threat of monopoly（主语）, //they argue（插入语）, //is removed by fierce competition from trucks（谓语是一个被动态）.

译文：

那些支持组建超级铁路系统的人认为，兼并将带来大幅度的成本下降，更好的协调服务。他们认为，在公路运输的激烈竞争面前，垄断的威胁已经不复存在。翻译思路：别太死板

allow for朗文词典的英文解释为“to consider the possible facts, problems, costs etc involved in something when making a plan, calculation, or judgment”即“在制定计划、做估算或者判断的时候，考虑到的可能存在的事实、问题、成本”等等。

本句话，these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service是“mergers兼并”将“考虑到可能存在的成本减少、更好地协调服务”，所以allow for翻译为兼并将“带来，或者导致……”。

competition from trucks本来的意思是“来自卡车”的竞争，其实是“来自卡车运输、公路运输”方面的竞争。上文也有一个类似的例子moved by rails，有同学也有点不同，本意是“通过铁轨来搬动的”，其实就是“通过铁路来运输的”。

别太死板！

唐静考研阅读逐句翻译2003年第3篇第6句But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.

词汇：

shipper //n. 托运人，发货人

bulk //n. 大量，大部分，大宗

commodity //n. 商品

have…by the throat // 牢牢控制

结构：

But many shippers complain （主句）//that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain（that引导的宾语从句，其中for 介词短语做状语）, //trucking is too costly（宾语从句的第一个主干）//and the railroads therefore have them by the throat（and并列起来的宾语从句的第二个主干）.

译文：

但许多托运商却抱怨说，对于长途运输的大宗商品来说，如煤炭、化学制品和粮食，公路运输成本太高，因此铁路公司就会掐住了他们的脖子，牢牢控制住他们。

唐静考研阅读逐句翻译2003年第3篇第7句The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company.

词汇：

consolidation //n. 巩固，联合

结构：