汉英翻译中的增补与省略

汉语翻译第15讲

增补与省略异化翻

译策略

一、考试解题指导：Choose better or the best version in each group

1.学生违反校规规都要受到老师的批评。

A. A student who violates any school rules will be criticized by the teacher.

B. A student for his violation of any school rules will be criticized by the teacher.

C. Violations of any school rules by a student will be criticized by the teacher.

2.我们的英语学习取得了一个又一个进步。

A. We have made advances one after another for our English studies..

B. Our English studies have made advances one after another..

3. 那手里拿着一本书的中年女老师正等着

学生讨论问题。

A.The aged woman with a book in her hand

is waiting for the students to discuss a problem.

B. The middle-aged is waiting for the students to discuss a problem., holding a book in her hand.

C. The middle-aged woman teacher holding a book in her hand is waiting for the students with whom she will discuss a problem.

4.请全体学生，于明天在会议室开会。

A. All students are required to the meeting in the meeting-room tomorrow.

B. Please All students to attend the meeting in the meeting-room tomorrow.

C. All students are requested to have the meeting in the meeting-room tomorrow..

5. 上述论述充分说明，学生在学习中起着越来越重要的作用。

A. Statements above mentioned fully show that students have played more and more

important role in their studies.

B. Statements listed above clearly indicate the increasing important role played by the students in their studies.

6. 我希望一年四季都是春天。

I wish it is spring all the year round.

I wish it were spring all the year round.

二、翻译术语说明

conversion: v→prep./n.)

（omission）

(into a simple sentence with inanimate subj (n.→adverb)

(into a passive sentence)

( translated as subject

(amplification)

( the choice of predicate )

((literal translation)

（combination）

(into a passive sentence)

我们往往从一个人所交往的朋友以及所阅读的书去看他的为人，因为人与人之间有友

谊，同样的，人与书也就有书谊。

三、combination

1. A man may usually be known by the book he read as well as by the company he keeps, for there is a companionship of books as well as of men.

2. We may usually judge a man by the books that he read as well as by the friends that he has since there is a friendship between books and men as well as a friendship between men and men

3. We may usually judge a man’s virtue by the books that he read as well as by the friends that he has, for a friendship exists between books and men as well as between men and men.

一、增补法（Amplification)

根据译文的语法结构，表达习惯和语义连贯的需要增加一些原文中虽无其词却有其意的一些词句从而更忠实通顺地表达原文的思想内容。

比较以下译文：

1.挖掘含义

感冒可以通过人的手进行传染。（学生译文）Flue will be spread by hand.

（参考译文）Flue can be spread by hand contacts.

我在花园里种满了芬芳的玫瑰花，