读写任务：概括

第三步：用自己的话将其串联起来。参考范 文如下： 范文1：Sam could not get used to the life of the boarding school, and he thought his parents hated him and left him in it, which made him sick, angry and lonely.
范文2：In the passage, the writer talks about Sam’s experience of homesickness. He suffered a lot and felt dissatisfied with his parents after being left in a boarding school.
2）The author (The passage) discussed the benefit of extracurricular activities：
[,ekstrəkə'rikjulə]课外活动
including being a way to improve students’ health, widen their social circle and introduce them to new ideas and people.
(2) 结果如何？He was not even allowed the chance for an interview.
(3) 说明了什么？Honesty is the best policy.
第三步：用自己的话将其串联起来。参考 范文如下： 范文ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu：Today I read an instructive speech, in which the speaker argues honesty is the best policy by telling the story of an overseas Chinese student who couldn’t find a job because of dishonesty.
我们根据说明文的不同类型, 分别给出 三种参考模板： 1. 描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象+性 质功用+利好”： (In the passage) the writer introduces... (对象)to us, especially its...(性质或功用), from which we know...(对象带来的利好).
[解题过程] 本文在指出眼睛重要后, 紧接着提出问题“为 保护眼睛, 我们可以做些什么呢”, 然后分三点说 明应该做些什么。因此, 我们可以套用“问题+解 决方法”模式： Our eyes are important for us, so the author tells us how to take care of our eyes, including eating healthy food, giving them enough time to rest, knowing some threats, and taking frequent eye examinations.
Last but not least, take regular medical examines to check out the potential eye disease and prevent its deterioration(退化). Eyes are the most important sense organs and one should use proper eye care products to avoid further irritations (刺激)and ensure longevity长命,长寿at ease安心;自在;不拘束 .
—串联要素法 写作方法—串联要素法 记叙文的概要, 一般包括记叙文的六个 要素(who; when; where; what; how; why), 也就是考生应先通读阅读短文，找出这六 个要素,然后用自己的话将这六个要素串成 一两句话即可。
当然, 不一定每篇记叙文都包含这六个 要素,但“某人做了某事, 结果如何”是应当 包括的。因此, 要写好概要, 须找到以下两 个问题的答案： (1) 谁做了什么？(who did what) (2) 结果如何？(what was the result)
范文2：The writer tells a story about a Chinese student with an excellent academic achievement couldn’t find a job in Germany because of his dishonesty to skip the subway tickets, which shows honesty is the best policy.
(范文2) The passage tries to tell us that getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot, including a better memory, healthier body and better preparation for the day.
如果是夹叙夹议的文章, 还要加上这个故事 给人们的启示或教育。
［例1］(2011年广东) ［写作内容］ 1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容； 2. 以约120个词讲述一次你(或你的朋友)想 家的经历。
解题过程 第一步, 根据［写作内容2］, 快速获取大意。 解题前, 可以通过［写作内容2］和材料文 体,快速准确地把握阅读材料的主要内容并 形成概要的基本框架。如本题阅读［写作 内容2］,并扫视材料可知是记叙文, 于是可 推知,本文的概要框架应是：Sam想家的时 间、地点、原因、影响和结果。
Besides those notices, you should be aware of some threats to eyes in daily lives. Excessive exposure to bright sunlight is harmful to eyes, therefore, when going out, especially in summer time, put on a pair of qualified sunglasses. Stay away from smoking. Some ingredients组成部分;(烹调的)原料 in cigarettes are carcinogenesis(致癌的).
第二步, 用自己的话将其表达出来。参考 范文为： (范文1) The passage mainly tells us getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot. It enables us to have a better memory, healthier body and better preparation for the day.
2. 针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。 即“问题+解决方法”： The passage tells us...(问题), including...(方法1), ...(方法2)and...(方 法3).
3. 介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象+ 原因+结果”： (The author/writer said/talks about)...(现 象)of..., because /but...(原因/本质1), and... (原因/本质2).
第二步：阅读材料，回答以下两个问题。 (1)谁做了什么？ Sam got to a boarding school and he felt homesick. (2) 结果如何？ He got sick. He was angry with his parents and felt lonely.
即时练答案
[解题过程] 第一步，根据文体, 找出要点。略读短文, 本文是典型的议论文, 第一段为议点, 第二、 三自然段为论据, 最后一段为结论, 首尾呼 应。论点、论据和结论分别为：
论 Getting up early has been regarded as 点 a good habit
论 (1)we memorize some things more 据 quickly and accurately in the morning (2)build our bodies and become much healthier (3)have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day 结 getting up early is a good habit and try 论 our best to keep it
议论文通常包括论点、论据和结论, 因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题句 (the topic sentences)、支撑句(supporting sentences)和结论句(conclusion sentences)。 其中最主要的是找准主题句。
概要模板：论点+论据(+结论)
(范文1) Ethan’s mother tried to stop him being addicted to TV by giving him money, but failed. All the school kids like this way of encouraging them to behave better, but adults show worries about this.
在高考读写任务中, 多为说明某种社会 现象的说明文。
阅读下面短文, 然后以约30个词概括这段短文的 内容。 Eye care is an important factor in all of our lives. Without eyes, we seem to be able to do nothing. But, what can we do to take care of eyes? Firstly, we should eat healthy foods. Secondly, don’t sit before a computer screen or TV for too long time and take regular rest at intervals so as to relax the eye muscles. Thirdly, having enough sleep is the best rest for eyes.
［例2］ (2011年广州一模) 阅读下面短文, 然后按要求写一篇150词左 右的英语短文。—内容略 ［写作内容］ 1. 以约30个词概括这篇演讲稿的主要内容； 2. 然后以约120个词写一篇读后感, 说明“诚 信的重要性”。
[解题过程] 第一步, 根据[写作内容2] , 快速获取大 意。[写作内容2]说明“诚信的重要性”， 扫读原文可以发现该文章是夹叙夹议的记 叙文, 那么我们可以形成概要框架: 作者讲 述了一个故事来说明诚信的重要性。这样, 就有了方向和思路了。
第二步：阅读材料, 回答以下三个问题。 (1) 谁做了什么？The writer tells a story of an overseas Chinese student. The student had been caught without a ticket in the subway three times.
• (范文2)The passage mainly tells us that parents give money to their children so that they can show up or get good grades recently by the way of taking the example of Ethan and his mother.