非谓语动词之过去分词

非谓语动词之过去分词

过去分词作定语

[例句展示] 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。

1.The broken window (=The window__________ was broken) will be replaced soon.

2. The books bought yesterday are of high quality.

3. The student dressed in white is my daughter. = The student_____ is dressed in white is my daughter.

[自我归纳]

1. 过去分词作定语时，表示的动作在_______之前发生，已经完成并具有______意义（见句1）。

2. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词_______（见句1）。_________作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，表示被动或完成。(见句2、3)

[拓展]

不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一般作前置定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作_____。如：fallen leaves落叶；retired workers ______________；the risen sun ____________。

[辨析] 过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别：

动词-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是_________关系，表示动作____________；而过去分词作定语时，则表示________ 或________ 意义。如：

1. Look at that __________ (run) dog.

2. Who is the girl __________(write)a letter there?

3. The book __________(write) by Lun Xun is very popular.

过去分词作表语

[例句展示] 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。

1. The library is now closed.

2. Tom was astonished to see his father.

[自我归纳]

过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成____________结构，表示主语的性质、特征和_______。过去分词短语作状语

The trainer appeared, ______________(follow) by six little dogs.

______________(Surround) by a group of young people, the old man felt happy.

______________(give) much time, we could do it better.

过去分词作状语,句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成动宾关系, 即是该分词动作的承受者。提示：注意逗号。

小试牛刀

Translate the following sentences into English.

1. 这是一个已经讨论了的问题。This is a problem _______________(discuss).

2. 这是一个正在讨论的问题。This is a problem _______________(discuss).

3. 这是一个将要讨论的问题。This is a problem _______________(discuss).

4. With so many trees ________(plant), they got up at 5 o’clock in the morning.

5. With so many trees________(plant), they got exhausted.

6. With so many green trees________(成长) in our school, we feel the air is fresh and sweet.

总结：不定式表示动作_______发生；-ing表示动作_______进行：过去分词表示动作_____，_______。

方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态

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