句型(简单句+复杂句)

句法 (2)

简单句simple sentence (2)

● 英语六种基本句型： (2)

1：S+V (2)

2：S+V+P (2)

3：S+V+DO (2)

4：S+V+IO+DO (2)

5：S+V+DO+OC (2)

6: There be (2)

复杂句complex sentence (3)

● 并列复杂句 (3)

● 从属复杂句 (3)

名词性从句 (4)

主语从句 (4)

宾语从句 (4)

表语从句 (5)

同位语从句 (5)

形容词性从句 (6)

定语从句 (6)

● 限定性定语从句 (6)

● 非限定性定语从句 (6)

副词性从句 (8)

状语从句 (8)

● 时间状语从句(时间状语） (8)

● 条件状语从句（用if/unless引导的状语从句） (8)

● 地点状语从句(where) (9)

● 原因状语从句(because,since,as) (9)

● 让步状语从句（though,although,even though,no matter what） (9)

● 比较状语从句（than,as...as） .. (9)

● 目的状语从句（that,so that,in order that,lest,for fear that,in case） (9)

句法

句型分类

简单句simple sentence

-只有一个主语和一个谓语（I left.）

英语六种基本句型：

1：S+V

（主语subject+谓语predicate）

2：S+V+P

(主语subject+系动词link verb+表语predicative)

3：S+V+DO

(主语subject+谓语predicate+宾语object)

4：S+V+IO+DO

(主语subject+谓语predicate+间接宾语indirect o+直接宾语direct o）

5：S+V+DO+OC

(主语subject+谓语predicate+宾语+宾补object complement)

6: There be

There be

“有”，There是引导词，无意义，There be后面的名词是句子的主语，属于倒装结构，表示某处有某人/某物。

There+be+主语

There is a cup of water on the table.

与have的区别

There be表示客观存在，have表示单纯的拥有。

There are three cars in the parking lot.

He has three cars in his own parking lot.

There be的就近一致原则

There is a gay and three girls in the classroom.

There are three girls and a boy in the classroom.

There are somewhere between 45,000 to 100,000 of them living in the countries like Zambia and Zimbabwe.

For the century before Johnson‟s Dictionary was published in 1775, there had been concern about the state of the English language.

2：S+V+P(主语subject+系动词link verb+表语predicative)

You are cute.

3：S+V+DO(主语+谓语+宾语object)

I love you.

复杂句complex sentence

-不止一个主语和一个谓语

并列复杂句

有并列连词：and/or/but

从属复杂句

由一个主句（principal clause）和一个或一个以上的从句（subordinate clause）构成。

什么是从句（subordinate clause）？

从句是复杂句不能独立成句，由that/who/whom/when/why/where/how/which等引导词（connective）引导的非主句部分。

从句的类型

名词性从句：❶主语从句❷宾语从句❸表语从句❹同位语从句

形容词性从句：定语从句

副词性从句：状语从句

✧从句三要素：①必须有连接词②必须是陈述句③不能单独使用

名词性从句

主语从句

-在复杂句中充当主语成分的句子叫主语从句

✧不受主句时态影响

✧系动词是单数is

✧谓语动词是第三人称单数

✧陈述语序

Eg. That I have had so many friends is amazing.

陈述句用that

That he married a girl in such a short time surprises us all.

特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词

When he will come out of the closet hasn‟t been decided.

Why he isn‟t here is not clear to everyone.

主语从句&形式主语

That I have had so many friends is amazing.

It is amazing that I have so many friends.

●It had been estimated that up to 50% of people in the developed world are

overweight and 20% of these are obese.

宾语从句

-在复合句中充当宾语成分的句子叫做宾语从句

He knows where the bar is.

I don‟t know when he will come.

As Peter Derk says:…If we can figure out how the mind processes humour, the we‟ll have a pretty good handle on how it works in general‟.

名词：Milgram 谓语动词：told 宾语：

A TELL

B TO DO STH

Milgram told each volunteer ‘teacher-subject’ that the experiment was in the noble cause of education,and experiment was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils’ ability to learn.

The growing international importance of athletics means that gifted athletes can be recognised at younger age.

It is also accepted that this right generates an obligation or duty for the state to