科技英语翻译[1]2
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Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
1) Despite researchers’ and physicians’ best efforts,
the rate of preterm births—defined as babies born before 37 weeks of gestation （妊娠：ren shen）— climbed 30 percent from 1981 through 2006. 2) The surface of the Dead Sea, already 424 meters below sea level, is falling by a meter a year. 3) If contagious yawning is indeed a sign of empathy （同情，共鸣）, then we should probably do it more with friends and acquaintances.
4.3 adverb 1) The force upward equals the force downward so that the balloon stays at the level. 向上的力与向下的力相等，所以气球就保 持在这一高度。 4.4. participle 2) The heat produced is equal to the electrical energy wasted. 产生的热量等于浪费了的电能。
3. non-finite verb非限定动词
When radio waves are made to correspond to each sound in turn, messages are carried from a broadcasting station to a receiving set. In making the radio waves correspond to each sound in turn, messages are carried from a broadcasting station to a receiving set. 使无线电波依次对每一个声音做出相应变化时， 信息就由广播电台传送到接收机。
The Scientific Translation
2011-3-17
Example: As a general rule, a body will expand when heated and contract when cooled.（被动结 构、分词结构）
3. Semantic feature（语义特征） According to the modern semantic feature, the meaning of a word could be summarized to a set of semantic features. For example : man is a set of “[animate] [human] [adult] [male]”. In translation, the most appropriate feature should be selected.
2. the passive voice（被动语态） Example：
(1) Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine. (应当注意机器的工作温度)
Rarely put it in this way :
(1) You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine.
1) In this factory the only fuel available is
coal. 该厂唯一可用的燃料是煤。 2) In radiation, thermal energy is transformed into radiant energy, similar in nature to light. 热能在辐射时，转换成性质与光相似的辐射能。
3
4
1.What’s scientific English translation
Scientific English translation emerges following the step of scientific English and is one branch of translation studies. Because of the development of scientific technology and scientific communication, scientific English translation has drawn widely public attention.
2. Syntax（句法） Syntax means the rules of arranging the sentences. The words in the sentence are compatible . Just now we discussed some of the main features of scientific English: the passive voice, nominalization , …
4，后置定语 ( postpositive attribute ). Five common structures: 4.1 prepositional phrase The forces due to friction are called frictional forces. 由于摩擦而产生的力称之为摩擦力。 4.2 adjective & adjective phrase
1. Subject matter（题材） In order to understand the meanings of the scientific words, we should figure out the field in which the words are used. The special field is the subject matter. Subject matter is the first step to understanding the meaning of the word.
1.What’s the scientific English
Professional(专业性）
Objective(客观性)
Precise(精确性)
Professional（专业性）
Chain reaction 连锁反应 Water power station 水电站 Spring washer 弹簧气垫 Suspending liquid 悬浮液 Adopt measures 采取措施 Depend on its length决定于它的长度
upland forest of beech and maple. Those trees are still present in small numbers, but the vast woodlands of the eastern Midwest are long gone to farmland and city. In a city, the only constant is change. 当然，大约200年前，印第安纳波利斯是山毛榉和枫树的山地森 林。这些树木是小数目仍然存在，但中西部的东部地区的莽莽林 海，农田和城市早已不复存在。在一个城市中，唯一不变的就是 变化
2.Features of scientific English
1. 名词化结构（ Nominalization）
Examples： That Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation is an important event in the history science.(Conventional translation ) The discovery of the law of universal gravitation is an important event in the history of science. (scientific translation ) (牛顿发现万有引力定律是科学发展史上的一件大事。)
2011-3-17
2010 本科论文答辩 The Scientific Translation
For example
This material has a high strength.
“strength” has a same set of semantic features with hardness, toughness and so on that is “[坚硬][耐磨损][坚韧]”. So we can translate it as “强度”. Semantic features is influenced by profession and subject matter.
5. the attributive clause定语从句
1) To make an atomic bomb we have
to use uranium 235，in which all the atoms are available for fission 制造原子弹，我们必须用铀235，因 为铀的所有原子都会裂变。
2011-3-17
The Scientific Translation
For example : Tension is building up. Just for the sentence , there are many ways to translate it correctly: 形势紧张起来 张力在增大 电压在增加 压力在增强。 Once you decide the subject the meaning will be clear.
Objective （客观性）
Another feature of scientific translation is its objectivity. That is it is mainly concerned with facts, processes, situations, in science and technology, and in the natural world.
Precise （精确性）
Scientific technology emphasizes preciseness and accuracy. As a result, scientific writing and translation must be also precise and accurate.
Scientific EnglishTranslation
科技英语翻译
第五组
成员：沈晓丽，张义群，张如意， 苏坤源， 刘庭伟
March 20，2012
Content
1
2
What is the scientific English translation The features of scientific English translation How to do the scientific English translation Common errors
1) Attention must be paid to the working
temperature of the machine.(应当注意机器 的工作温度) Rarely put it in this way : You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine.
翻译方法简介。
1.短译法 英译汉时，有时某个词或某个短语在字典上找不到
适当的意思时，应根据上下文活用词义。如果死扣语 法生译硬译，必然使译文晦涩、难以达意。这时应在 弄通原文准确的含义之后，灵活处理。如：
1) Of course, roughly 200 years ago, Indianapolis was an
1) Despite researchers’ and physicians’ best efforts,
the rate of preterm births—defined as babies born before 37 weeks of gestation （妊娠：ren shen）— climbed 30 percent from 1981 through 2006. 2) The surface of the Dead Sea, already 424 meters below sea level, is falling by a meter a year. 3) If contagious yawning is indeed a sign of empathy （同情，共鸣）, then we should probably do it more with friends and acquaintances.
4.3 adverb 1) The force upward equals the force downward so that the balloon stays at the level. 向上的力与向下的力相等，所以气球就保 持在这一高度。 4.4. participle 2) The heat produced is equal to the electrical energy wasted. 产生的热量等于浪费了的电能。
3. non-finite verb非限定动词
When radio waves are made to correspond to each sound in turn, messages are carried from a broadcasting station to a receiving set. In making the radio waves correspond to each sound in turn, messages are carried from a broadcasting station to a receiving set. 使无线电波依次对每一个声音做出相应变化时， 信息就由广播电台传送到接收机。
The Scientific Translation
2011-3-17
Example: As a general rule, a body will expand when heated and contract when cooled.（被动结 构、分词结构）
3. Semantic feature（语义特征） According to the modern semantic feature, the meaning of a word could be summarized to a set of semantic features. For example : man is a set of “[animate] [human] [adult] [male]”. In translation, the most appropriate feature should be selected.
2. the passive voice（被动语态） Example：
(1) Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine. (应当注意机器的工作温度)
Rarely put it in this way :
(1) You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine.
1) In this factory the only fuel available is
coal. 该厂唯一可用的燃料是煤。 2) In radiation, thermal energy is transformed into radiant energy, similar in nature to light. 热能在辐射时，转换成性质与光相似的辐射能。
3
4
1.What’s scientific English translation
Scientific English translation emerges following the step of scientific English and is one branch of translation studies. Because of the development of scientific technology and scientific communication, scientific English translation has drawn widely public attention.
2. Syntax（句法） Syntax means the rules of arranging the sentences. The words in the sentence are compatible . Just now we discussed some of the main features of scientific English: the passive voice, nominalization , …
4，后置定语 ( postpositive attribute ). Five common structures: 4.1 prepositional phrase The forces due to friction are called frictional forces. 由于摩擦而产生的力称之为摩擦力。 4.2 adjective & adjective phrase
1. Subject matter（题材） In order to understand the meanings of the scientific words, we should figure out the field in which the words are used. The special field is the subject matter. Subject matter is the first step to understanding the meaning of the word.
1.What’s the scientific English
Professional(专业性）
Objective(客观性)
Precise(精确性)
Professional（专业性）
Chain reaction 连锁反应 Water power station 水电站 Spring washer 弹簧气垫 Suspending liquid 悬浮液 Adopt measures 采取措施 Depend on its length决定于它的长度
upland forest of beech and maple. Those trees are still present in small numbers, but the vast woodlands of the eastern Midwest are long gone to farmland and city. In a city, the only constant is change. 当然，大约200年前，印第安纳波利斯是山毛榉和枫树的山地森 林。这些树木是小数目仍然存在，但中西部的东部地区的莽莽林 海，农田和城市早已不复存在。在一个城市中，唯一不变的就是 变化
2.Features of scientific English
1. 名词化结构（ Nominalization）
Examples： That Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation is an important event in the history science.(Conventional translation ) The discovery of the law of universal gravitation is an important event in the history of science. (scientific translation ) (牛顿发现万有引力定律是科学发展史上的一件大事。)
2011-3-17
2010 本科论文答辩 The Scientific Translation
For example
This material has a high strength.
“strength” has a same set of semantic features with hardness, toughness and so on that is “[坚硬][耐磨损][坚韧]”. So we can translate it as “强度”. Semantic features is influenced by profession and subject matter.
5. the attributive clause定语从句
1) To make an atomic bomb we have
to use uranium 235，in which all the atoms are available for fission 制造原子弹，我们必须用铀235，因 为铀的所有原子都会裂变。
2011-3-17
The Scientific Translation
For example : Tension is building up. Just for the sentence , there are many ways to translate it correctly: 形势紧张起来 张力在增大 电压在增加 压力在增强。 Once you decide the subject the meaning will be clear.
Objective （客观性）
Another feature of scientific translation is its objectivity. That is it is mainly concerned with facts, processes, situations, in science and technology, and in the natural world.
Precise （精确性）
Scientific technology emphasizes preciseness and accuracy. As a result, scientific writing and translation must be also precise and accurate.
Scientific EnglishTranslation
科技英语翻译
第五组
成员：沈晓丽，张义群，张如意， 苏坤源， 刘庭伟
March 20，2012
Content
1
2
What is the scientific English translation The features of scientific English translation How to do the scientific English translation Common errors
1) Attention must be paid to the working
temperature of the machine.(应当注意机器 的工作温度) Rarely put it in this way : You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine.
翻译方法简介。
1.短译法 英译汉时，有时某个词或某个短语在字典上找不到
适当的意思时，应根据上下文活用词义。如果死扣语 法生译硬译，必然使译文晦涩、难以达意。这时应在 弄通原文准确的含义之后，灵活处理。如：
1) Of course, roughly 200 years ago, Indianapolis was an