动词时态学案概要

英语中动词时态

一、学习目标

1. 重点复习动词六种时态的基本结构、主要用法及区别(一般现在时、般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时)

2. 复习过去将来时、过去完成时态的基本用法

3. 学会运用数轴法分析时态

二、学习重点

1. 动词六种时态的基本结构、主要用法及区别

2. 学会运用数轴法分析时态

三、学习难点

动词六种时态的基本结构、主要用法及区别

四、学习过程

Part 1

一般现在时

基本构成

1. Be 动词

肯定句：主语+Be (am/is/are) +其它否定句：主语+Be( am/is/are) + not +其它一般疑问句：Be( am/is/are) +主语+其它例句：

He is a worker.

He is not a worker.

Is he a worker?

2. 一般行为动词

肯定句：主语+动词原形(单三形式) +其它否定句：主语+do n'+动词原形+其它

—般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其它例句：

I often play football.

I don' t en play football.

Do you ofte n play football.

Yes, I do./No, I don't.

3. There be 句型

否定句：There be+not+其它

一般疑问句：Be there+其它

例句：

There is a book and ten schoolbags on the desk.

There are ten schoolbags and a book on the desk.

There isn 'atbook on the desk.

Is there a book on the desk

第三人称单数的变化规律

一般现在时时态下，当主语是以下几种情况时，谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。

1. 人称代词为he/she/it

She usually has lunch at twelve.

2. 单个人名、地名或称呼作主语

Beiji ng is in Chi na.

3. 单数可数名词或“ this/that/the+单数可数名词”作主语

This book is yours.

4. 不定代词

some on e/somebody/nobody/everythi ng/somethi n等及this/that 作主语

There is someth ing wrong with the watch.

5. 不可数名词

The bread is very small.

6. 数字或字母

“ 6” is a lucky number.

动词单三形式变化规律表

用法

1. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态

X X X * X X X

PdSt Present Future

一般现在时可用来表示在过去到以后很长一段时间内的一个不断重复或经常发生的动作，以前有、现在有并且以后还会存在。这个动作可以日常发生的事情，也可以是一种习惯、一个爱好，还可以是一个人的职业、性格、能力。与always、usually、ofte n、sometimes every day (week/m on th)等连用。(注：时常遗忘或不做的事情也可以用一般现在时)

例句：

They ofte n go to school by bike.

She usually has lunch at 12:00.

His father is a doctor.

I like watchi ng TV.

2. 表示客观事实或普遍真理

X X X t X X X

Past Present Future

（注：格言或警句中也用一般现在时）例句：

The moon moves round the earth. There are seve n days in a week. Birds do not like milk.

California is in America.

Pride goes before a fall.

Time and tide waits for no man.

3. 表示正在进行的动作或状态

（1）较短一段时间内存在的状态

_______________________ ___________________________________

Past Present Future

例句：

He lives in Beiji ng now.

He n eeds help right now.

She is not here now.

（2）在某些倒装句中，表示动作正在进行。

例句：

Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.

There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.

4. 表示将来的动作或状态

「I X

Past Present Future

在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。“主将从现”这一语法现象的重要连词有：if （如果）,as soon as 一....就...）,when（当…时候），before, after，until（直到not..until 直到…才）。

例句：

If you come, we will wait for you.

Whe n he gets here, the work will be fini shed.

Though he disagrees with us, he will do as we decided.

I ' ll tell you the news as soon as you come back.

5. 表示过去的动作和状态

「X I ______

Past Present Future

小说故事用一般现在时代替一般过去时。新闻报道类的内容，为了体现其“新鲜”性，也用一般现在时来表示过去发生的事情。

例句：

A man kills 14 students in one minute yesterday.

Mary steps into the bedroom and sees her husba nd lying in the bed moti onl essly.

实战演练

1. Jenny!Do you know that one-third of the boys in our class ___________ the

sin ger Zhang Shaoha n?