2015四六级写作及翻译讲义(1)

一、好作文的标准

什么样的文章才算是好、精彩？

1.正确性：语法，选词，主题

评分标准

2.档次：词汇档次，句式档次

3.逻辑关系：句与句的关系

并列，对比，转折，因果，让步等等关系二、举例说明

三、语言要求

3major rules

1.以正确为前提

2.逻辑思想表达清晰

3.选词、句式结构的变化

四、作文类型

提纲式议论文：

图画类论说文：

条件式叙说文/议论文：2014年6月

五、速成

作文常用的替换词汇/短语

阻碍写作高大上的低劣词

too low,雷区

1.好

2.很，非常

3.多，许多，很多

4.重要的，必要的，

5.没能，不能…；没能做到(完成某个动作)

6.越来越…de+n.

7.越来越…de+adj.

8.当前，现在，目前

9.应该

10.事情，东西，问题

11.对…有好处;有助于…

12.最…

13.尽力做…

14.重视，侧重，强调

受到关注/重视

15.随着……

16.不一定

六、常用的句型和句式

句型：复合结构

1.状语从句：原因，条件，结果，目的，让步

2.主语从句

3.定语从句

4.宾语从句

5.强调句

6.倒装句

7.特殊的句子结构

原因状语从句

主句，for+从句

主句in that+从句

条件状语从句

关联词的变化使用

结果状语从句

主句+so that+从句

让步状语从句

关联词：no matter

标准结构：

No matter how+adj.+主语+be

目的状语从句

In order that句子

定语从句

标准结构模式：先行词+关系词which+定从

定从的基本概念：

San Antonio Spurs won the championship of NBA this year.

I like San Antonio Spurs very much.

合并如下：I like San Antonio Spurs very much,which won the championship of NBA this year.

定语从句写作注意事项

主语从句：

强调句

倒装句

真题作文讲解评析

2013年6

2014年6

翻译要点：

注意事项

1.关键词的选定，词/词组

2.简化→拆分→组合

3.句与句的衔接：关联词，过渡词

4.整段时态，语态保持一致

2013年6月：

范文

As is vividly shown in the picture,a boy is expressing his worries about disposing of nuclear waste,while his father is trying to convince him that if he can empty the dustbin,he can achieve anything.Such talks occur frequently in our daily life.

From my perspective,this picture highlights the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big.It’s true that everyone has a goal to fight for.But sometimes we just focus on the final success and attach no importance to the detailed stuff,which may lead to failure at the end.

On the other hand,awareness of doing big things is one thing,while working hard to achieve it steep by step is another.Moreover,it’s doing small things that can cultivate our perseverance and patience.Therefore,I suggest,from now on we place more weight on small things around us and cope with them devotedly.Only by accomplishing small things one by one,can we reach our goal easier.

2014年6月

Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown,what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why.

2014年6月

图片

范文1:

Zhongshan Tomb is absolutely the most interesting place to visit in Nanjing,my hometown. It’s a symbol of the history of China as well as a beautiful nature park.

Zhongshan Tomb is where Sun Zhongshan,the great instructor and leader fo revolution in the 20th century in China was buried.In honor of his splendid contribution,the KMT government built this grand tomb for him.Today,this tomb represents a period of Chinese history and peace.In 2006,when KMT president Lian Zhan visited the mainland,Zhongshan Tomb was his first destination.

Aside from its historical significance,Zhongshan Tomb is also and outstanding place to enjoy the nature.It is built on Mount Zijin,the highest mountain is Nanjing.It would be very enjoyable to climb to the top of it and have a overlook of the whole city.Besides,there is an endangered species of butterfly in Mount Zijin.If we are lucky enough,hopefully we could see some of them.

Zhongshan Tomb is a perfect combination of humanity and nature.Nowhere is better at introducing China to foreign friends than it in Nanjing.I’m sure they will love it.

范文2：

Suppose a foreign friend of mine is coming to visit my hometown,I would show his around the whole city.But the most interesting place,for my part,lies in Ciqikou,an ancient cultural town representing Bayu’s culture and enjoying a most attractive scenery.

Situated at the western part of Chongqing,Ciqikou is a scenic spot scented with a cultural