法律方法论文：法律方法利益衡量利益衡量原则司法过程

法律方法论文：法律方法利益衡量利益衡量原则司法过程【中文摘要】利益衡量方法是法官在审判实践中补充法律漏洞、做出正确裁判所必须依赖的重要方法之一。特别是随着社会的不断发展,利益多元化现象越来越明显,这必然引起相应的利益需求的多元化,在这种情况下利益衡量方法显的越来越重要。利益衡量方法在国外有两种不同的理论,而许多学者对这两种理论不加区别的使用,这

不利于发挥利益衡量方法对司法实践的指导作用。因此,本文立足于法律方法,从国内外研究现状、利益衡量的必要性、应用场域、涵义、基本原则、利益衡量的局限性及完善等角度出发对利益衡量方法进行了详细的阐述。使人们对利益衡量方法有一个系统的了解和把握。同时,由于利益衡量方法最终用于指导司法实践,本文还以实际案例展

示了利益衡量方法在司法实践中的的具体操作过程。本文共分为四部分。第一部分是对利益衡量理论的研究现状的综述。我国许多学者在对利益衡量理论进行研究的过程中对日本和德国两种不同的利益衡

量理论不加区别的使用着。这不利于发挥利益衡量方法对司法实践的指导作用。为了让人们对利益衡量方法的全部理论有一个系统的把握,本文对德国的利益衡量理论和日本的利益衡量理论分别进行阐述并

对两种理论进行比较,从而得出中国的社会现实更加需要日本的利益衡量理论。第二部分对利益衡量的基本理论加以阐述,主要包括利益衡量的必要性、利益衡量的应用场域、利益衡量的涵义、利益衡量的基本原则。当前中国正处于社会转型期,利益主体多元化,利益需求多样化。这使得我国的利益格局与利益关系发生巨大变化,利益冲突成

为社会的新问题,因此,利益衡量显得越来越重要。通过对许多学者关于利益衡量方法应用场域研究的比较,笔者趋向于将利益衡量方法作为一种普遍适用的法学方法论。利益衡量的基本原则主要包括：统筹兼顾原则、轻重权衡原则、利益最大化原则、最小损害原则、优势替代原则。第三部分是利益衡量在司法审判中的具体运用。首先介绍了利益衡量的构成,重点介绍了利益衡量的客体即利益,并借鉴梁上上

的观点将利益分为当事人的具体利益、群体利益、制度利益和社会公共利益。其次对利益衡量的方法和参照体系加以介绍。再次通过实际案例展示了利益衡量方法的具体运用。最后指出了利益衡量方法的实际意义。第四部分是利益衡量方法的缺陷及其完善。任何一种方法都不是完美无缺的,当然利益衡量方法也不例外。利益衡量方法的缺陷主要表现在弃用和滥用两方面。针对我国的实际情况提出了利益衡量方法的完善建议,首先要提高我国法官的整体素质；其次要为利益衡量确立具体界碑；最后要对利益衡量的过程和结论予以明示。

【英文摘要】Interesting measure method is a important method which is used to complement legal loophole and make the right referee. Especially with the development of society, Interesting diversification phenomenon is more and more obvious. This inevitably lead to the interesting demand diversity.In this case interesting measure method become more and more important. In abroad, interesting measure method have two different theories. Many scholars used two theories with

indiscriminately. It is not good for Interesting measure method to guide judicial practice. Therefore, This paper based on the legal methods, from home and abroad research status, The necessity of Interesting measure method, application field, meaning, basic principles, the limitations and perfection to explain interesting measure method. Make people to understand and master interesting measure method in system. Meanwhile, because interesting measure method is used to guide practice, This paper based on the actual cases, Showed the specific operation process in the judicial practice.This paper is divided into four parts.The first part is reviewed the present research situation of interesting measure method. Many scholars overnight spree Japan and Germany two different theories. It is not good for interesting measure method to guide judicial practice. In order to make people have a system master, In this paper respectively present German and Japan theories and compare two theories. Concluded that China’s social reality Japan’s interesting measure theory.The second part is explain basic theory of interesting measure method. Included the necessity of interesting measure method, application field, meaning, basic principles China is in the period of social transition, interest subjects diversification, interesting