语法填空做题技巧
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一、给出动词基本形态,填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词),或填写谓语部分,可能需要填写两个或三个词,或是填写非谓语动词;
二、给出形容词,需要填写比较级、最高级,或词性词形转化,转化为副词,或是填写反义词(前缀);
三、给出副词,填写比较级、最高级,或是填写反义词;
四、不给提示词,主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。
有提示词:考查谓语动词非谓语动词形容词副词
无提示词:考查冠词介词连词代词
【语法填空考点】
纯空格题:冠词:a,an,the
代词
指示代词:this,that,those,these
人称代词:I,me,them,they,he,his等
形容词性物主代词:your,my,his,its等
名词性物主代词:mine,his,its,hers,yours,ours等
反身代词:themselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,herself,itself,ourselves等
不定代词:another,other,some,many,much, little,anything,somebody,no,such等关系代词:who,whom,which,that,as等
疑问代词:what,whatever,which,who等
介词:
in,at,on,above,below,through,across,onto,into,over,after,before,as(做为)等
连词
起连接作用的副词:however,therefore,thus,besides ,
then,next,first,also,instead ,too,never,not 等
有提示题: 谓语动词的时态和语态(主谓一致)
表具体某次情况:to do
非谓语动词 作主语/宾语 表习惯/一般情况:doing
作目的/结果/形容词后的状语:to do(adj. enough to
do,too...to do,only to do 等)
主动或正在进行:doing
作定语/状语/补语: 被动或完成:done
未发生:to do
形容词和副词及其对应的比较级、最高级和词类转换(词性转换、加否定
或反义的前/后缀)等。
【语法填空七字诀】
“全”:看完整句;
“位”:确定空格所处的位置,分清在句子当中充当什么作用(词性为主);
“考”:知道考什么;
“形”:知道用什么形式(主被动,词性的变化,特别是不规则词形的变化和书写等);
“断”:对于长难句,要学会断句(断成相对完整的小单位,使空格的位置明朗化);
“删”:对于复杂句,要学会删掉修饰部分,让句子的基本结构浮出水面。
“查”:填完后,读一遍,看是否自然通顺、前后一致、符合逻辑,看整体是否完整。
语法填空·解题方法技巧
类型1:有提示词 (用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.括号提供动词
①首先考虑:动词的数就是三单、时态和语态;
②其次考虑:非谓语动词(to do/doing/done )
注意:动词和非谓语动词的判定(很重要)
所给空格是动词时,首先要找出句子谓语动词。若是找不到谓语动词,则空格处的动词
即为该句谓语动词,此时要考虑时态、语态或第三人称单数。
若是找到了句子的谓语动词,则空格处的动词就要考虑“非谓语动词”啦。一般来说,
doing 表主动+进行,done 表被动或完成,to do 表将来发生或目的。
③最后考虑:该动词的名词、形容词形式。
如果所给的是amaze ,disappoint ,embarrass ,amuse ,frighten ,excite ,surprise
等一类的动词,则首先要考虑变-ing 形式或-ed 形式。
④最后考虑虚拟语气:在表示建议,命令,要求,忠告,等动词的后面的宾语从句中的
虚拟语气,均以“should+动词原型”表示这种语气,“should ”常被省略。
从属连词:since(既然,自从),because,as(因为),although,though,after,before 并列连词: but,not only...but also...;or,and,for (因为)等
We suggested that the meeting should______(be)put off.
They insisted that the boy go (go) with them.
常用的此类动词有:
表示“提议,劝告,建议”的:propose, suggest, recommend, advise.
表示“要求”的:ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg
表示“同意,坚持”的:insist
表示“决定,命令”的:decide, order
①(2015全国I)Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers conducted by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
考查时态和第三人称单数。
②(2015全国I)It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.
③(2014全国II)A boy on a bike __45__ (catch)my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.
考查时态,一般过去时。
(2016全国卷) So it was a great honor to be invited backstage at the
not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research,
I_________62_(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.
(2015全国II)The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 41 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.
句子谓语是are admired by…,故build部分只能“沦落为”非谓语动词啦。
(2016全国卷)My ambassadorial duties will include ____67_____(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
(2014全国I)While there are 68 (amaze)stories of instant transformation…形容词修饰名词。
(2016全国卷)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its
top____61_____ (attract).
1.动词的时态和语态
(1). The sun was setting down when my car ______ ( break ) down near a remote and poor village .