一般过去时的被动语态

一般过去时的被动语态

I. 定义：表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作，无需说明动作

执行者时可省去“by + 动作执行者”。

II. 结构：一般过去时的被动语态：

1.肯定结构：主语+ was / were + 及物动词的过去分词+ by + 动作执行者

Eg：The teaching building was built six years ago. 这座教学楼建于六年前。

练习：①( ) Many trees and flowers ___________ in our school last year.

A. plant

B. planted

C. have planted

D. were planted

注意：的使用由主语的单复数形式而定，主语为第三人称单数名词、

代词或I时用

主语为复数名词、代词they或you时用

2.否定形式：主语+was / were + not + 动词的过去分词

Eg：The window was not broken by him. 窗玻璃不是他打碎的。

3.疑问形式：was /were +主语+动词的过去分词

4.Eg：Was your homework finished in time yesterday evening? 昨天晚上你及时完成家庭作业了吗？

Where were those buses made? 那些公共汽车是哪里制造的？

注意：一般疑问句通常把was / were置于主语前。

特殊疑问句形式应将一般疑问句置于特殊疑问词后面，

反意疑问句形式应保留was / were。

III.一般过去时的被动语态疑问句的回答方法

1. 一般疑问句形式肯定回答用“Yes, ... was / were.”，

否定回答用“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”;

2. 特殊疑问句应抓住特殊疑问词进行回答，可用简略方法，也可用完整方法;

3. 反意疑问句也应用“Yes, ... was / were.”或“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”进行回答。

Eg：（1）—Was your office cleaned yesterday afternoon? 你的办公室昨天下午打扫了吗？

—Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，打扫了。/ 不，没有打扫。

（2）—Where was the party held last Sunday? 上周日聚会在哪儿举行的？

—At home. / It was held at home. 在家里。/ 在家里举行的。（3）—Your debt was paid off at last, wasn’t it? 你所欠的债最终被还清了，是吗？

—Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，被还清了。/ 不，没有被还清。

练习：① Last March, many trees ___ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.

A. were planted

B. were planting

C. had planted

D. planted

② Shenzhou X, China’s fifth m anned spacecraft, ____into space on June 11. 2013.

A. has sent

B. was sent

C. will send

D. is sent

③—Wow! You have a ticket to the Expo!

—lt by my uncle. He is working in Shanghai.

A. has bought

B. had bought

C. is bought

D. was bought

④ We are glad to hear that the terrorists __ by the brave policemen several days ago.

A. are caught

B. were caught

C. have been caught

D. are going to be caught

⑤. Three bridges ________ over the river five years ago.

A. built

B. build

C. were built

D. are built