中央编译局-中央文献重要术语译文(2015年1-4期)
政治术语 历来怎么翻译
政治术语历来怎么翻译
桂田田
【期刊名称】《新湘评论》
【年(卷),期】2015(000)020
【摘要】“有权不可任性”“拦路虎”等30个富有中国特色的政治术语首次“寻找”到了对应的外语版本。
4月27日,中央编译局中央文献重要术语译文审定委员会发布了中央文献重要术语译文（2015年第一期）。
据悉,承担本次翻译工作的是中央编译局中央文献翻译部,其前身是成立于1961年的毛泽东著作翻译室。
自今年1月28日开始,其承担了《政府工作报告》《关于2014年国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况与2015年国民经济和社会发展计划草案的报告》和《关于2014年中央和地方预算执行情况与2015年中央和地方预算草案的报告》等文件的翻译任务。
【总页数】3页(P57-59)
【作者】桂田田
【作者单位】
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】F123.3
【相关文献】
1.生态翻译学视阈下政治术语翻译研究 [J], 兰冬秀
2.基于翻译适应选择视角下政治术语翻译分析 [J], 兰冬秀
3.顺应理论观照下的政治术语翻译 [J], 万石建
4.政治术语翻译过程中的认知识解——以“新型大国关系”英译为例 [J], 杨红燕;王旭年
5.归化和异化策略下的政治术语翻译 [J], 赵诗玉;余高峰
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
中央文献重要术语译文(5)之热点词汇
中央文献重要术语译文（5）之热点词汇说明：本期继续围绕抗日战争主题发布术语译文，选择了31条术语。
这些术语侧重于抗日战争期间的重大事件、战役、战术、抗战的主要力量，既充分反映了抗战的历史，也展示了中国共产党在全民族团结抗战中的中流砥柱作用。
此外，我们也挑选了一些揭示日本侵略者滔天罪行的术语。
1、九一八事变September 18th Incident2、七七事变(卢沟桥事变)July 7th Incident (Lugou Bridge Incident)3、淞沪会战Battle of Shanghai4、平型关大捷Battle of Pingxingguan; victory at Pingxingguan5、台儿庄大捷Battle of Tai’erzhuang; victory at Tai’erzhuang6、武汉会战Battle of Wuhan7、百团大战Hundred-Regiment Campaign8、八路军Eighth Route Army9、新四军New Fourth Army10、东北抗日联军Northeast United Resistance Army11、华南人民抗日游击队Southern China People’s Counter-Japanese Guerrilla Force12、中国远征军Chinese Expeditionary Force13、持久战protracted war14、游击战guerrilla warfare15、运动战mobile warfare16、地道战tunnel warfare17、地雷战landmine warfare18、抗日根据地resistance base19、解放区liberated area20、游击区guerrilla area21、敌占区(沦陷区)enemy-occupied area; occupied area22、“大东亚共荣圈”“Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”23、“三光”政策“Three Alls”policy (kill all, burn all, loot all) 24、“731部队”(满洲第731部队)“Unit 731”(Unit 731 of Manchuria)25、南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre26、“慰安妇”“comfort women”27、细菌战germ warfare28、化学战chemical warfare29、“扫荡”“mopping-up”operation30、“蚕食”“gnawing-away”operation31、“清乡”“pacification”operation。
中央文献重要术语译文法语
中央文献重要术语译文- 法语2015 以来，中央编译局已经发布了10 期《中央文献重要术语译文》，包含了英、俄、法、西、日、德、阿等七种外文，为广大外语工作者带来了很大的便利。
现在，我们转载法文的译文，供各位法语译员和学员学习。
其他语种的翻译可到编译局网站查询。
“四个全面”战略布局 Dispositionsstratégiques des Quatre Intégralit és 全面建成小康社会 - édification int égrale de la société de moyenne aisance ;全面深化改革 - approfondissement int égral de la r éforme ; 全面依法治国- promotion int égrale du gouvernement de l’état en vertu dela loi ; 全面从严治党- application int é grale d ’ une discipline rigoureuse dans les rangs du Parti.“两个一百年”奋斗目标Objectifs des deux centenaires[释义] 在中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会，在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。
construire en Chine une soci été de moyenne aisance au moment de la célébration du centenaire de la fondation du PCC,et faire de la Chine un pays socialiste moderne, prosp ère,puissant, démocratique, harmonieux et hautement civilis auémoment o ùla R publiqueé populaire de Chine f tera sonê精选文库centenaire.国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划XIIIe Plan quinquennal pour le d éveloppement de l’économie nationale et le progr ès social “十三五”规划 XIIIe Plan quinquennal全面建成小康社会决胜阶段période d cisiveé pour la r alisationé de la mise en place danstous les domaines de la soci t éde moyenneé aisance坚持人民主体地位défendre le r?le central du peuple引领经济发展新常态orienter la nouvelle normalit du d veloppementééconomiqueé中高速增长croissance moyennement rapide创新发展développement innovant创新是引领发展的第一动力L’ innovation est le premier moteur du dé veloppement.精选文库协调发展développement coordonné协调是持续健康发展的内在要求La coordination est une exigence intrins que duèdéveloppement durable et sain.绿色发展développement cologiqueé绿色是永续发展的必要条件和人民对美好生活追求的重要体现La croissance verte, tout en tant une éexpression essentielle desaspirations de notre peuple une vie àmeilleure, est la conditionindispensable pour garantir un d veloppementélongà terme.开放发展développement ouvert开放是国家繁荣发展的必由之路L’ ouverture sur l’ exté rieur est l’ unique voieàsuivre pou r éaliser la prosp riténationale.共享发展développement partagé共享是中国特色社会主义的本质要求Le développement qui profiteàtous est une exigenceessentielle du socialisme à la chinoise.双目标 [ 例 ]保持中高速增长和迈向中高端水平双目标。
中央文献术语英译：十三五规划
中央文献术语英译：十三五规划中央编译局 2015-12-28 09:14分享到“十三五”时期是全面建成小康社会、实现我们党确定的“两个一百年”奋斗目标的第一个百年奋斗目标的决胜阶段。
党的十八届五中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议》（简称《建议》），明确提出了“十三五”时期我国经济社会发展的基本思路、主要目标和新的发展理念，对各重点领域的重大战略、重大工程、重大举措作出部署，具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。
本期术语发布围绕《建议》中提出的发展阶段定位、发展目的、发展理念等，选取了15条重要术语和表述，力求反映《建议》的思想性、战略性、前瞻性和指导性。
国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划（“十三五”规划）the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China (the 13th Five-Year Plan )全面建成小康社会决胜阶段the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects坚持人民主体地位uphold the principal position of the people引领经济发展新常态guide the new normal in China’s economic development中高速增长medium-high rate of economic growth创新发展innovative development创新是引领发展的第一动力Innovation is the primary engine of development.协调发展coordinated development协调是持续健康发展的内在要求Coordination is an integral aspect of sustained and healthy development.绿色发展green development; eco-friendly development绿色是永续发展的必要条件和人民对美好生活追求的重要体现Green, which represents an eco-friendly outlook, is a necessary condition for ensuring lasting development as well as an important way in which people pursue a better life.开放发展open development开放是国家繁荣发展的必由之路Opening up is the path China must take to achieve prosperity and development. 共享发展shared development共享是中国特色社会主义的本质要求Sharing is the essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics.。
中央文献重要术语英文翻译
中央文献重要术语译文发布区域协同发展coordinated development between regions城乡发展一体化urban-rural integration物质文明和精神文明协调发展ensure that cultural-ethical and materialdevelopment progress together军民融合发展战略military-civilian integration strategy经济建设和国防建设融合发展integrated development of the economy andnational defense京津冀协同发展coordinated development of the Beijing,Tianjin, and Hebei region综合立体交通走廊multimodal transport corridor居住证制度residence card system财政转移支付同农业转移人口市民化挂钩机制mechanism linking the transfer payments a local government receives to the number of former rural residents granted urban residency in its jurisdiction城镇建设用地增加规模同吸纳农业转移人口落户数量挂钩机制mechanism linking increases in the amount of land designated for urban development in a locality to the number of former rural residents granted urban residency there中国特色新型智库new type of Chinese think tanks马克思主义理论研究和建设工程Marxist Theory Research and DevelopmentProject哲学社会科学创新工程initiative to promote innovation inphilosophy and the social sciences网络内容建设工程initiative to enrich online content农村人居环境整治行动rural living environment improvementinitiative历史文化名村名镇towns and villages with rich historical andcultural heritage美丽宜居乡村 a countryside that is beautiful and pleasantto live in中文英文the全面建成小康社会决胜阶段society in all respects。
文献重要术语译文发布-中日
科学的な立法、厳格な法執行、公正な司法、全人民による法律の遵守
职能科学、权责法定、执法严明、公开公正、廉洁高效、守法诚信的法治政府
機能が科学的で、権限と責任が法で定められ、法律の執行が厳正で、オープンかつ公正、廉潔かつ高効率な、遵法と信頼を旨とする法治政府
执法责任制
有权不可任性
権力を持つ者はそれを好き放題に使ってはならない
社会主义法治国家
社会主義法治国家
建设法治中国
法治中国の建設
依法治国
法に基づく国家統治(ガバナンス)
依法执政
法に基づく執政
依法行政
法に基づく行政
依宪治国
憲法に基づく国家統治(カバナンス)
宪法日
憲法日
法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提
法律は国家統治(ガバナンス)の宝であり、良き法律は善き統治(ガバナンス)の前提である
从制造大国转向制造强国
製造大国から製造強国へ転換する
加强国际传播能力建设
海外発信能力の強化
结构性减税和普遍性降费
構造的減税と全般的な料金等の引き下げ
精准扶贫、精准脱贫
精確な貧困者特定、精確な貧困脱却
以释放市场活力对冲经济下行压力
市場の活力を解き放って経済の下押し圧力を軽減し
保基本、インの厳守・仕組みの整備
法定职责必须为、法无授权不可为
法で定められた職責は必ず果たし、法により付与されていない権限は決して用いない
政府责任清单
政府責任リスト
市场准入负面清单
市場参入ネガティブリスト
行政审批
行政審査・許認可
简化对外投资审批程序
対外投資の審査・認可の手続きを簡素化する
中央文献重要术语译文发布(2015年第七期)
【中文-英文】 中文英文 苟日新，日日新，又日新If you can improve yourself in a day, do so each day, forever building on improvement. 千里之行，始于足下A journey of a thousand li begins with a single step. 政贵有恒Consistency is valuable in governance. 功崇惟志，业广惟勤Great accomplishments require ambition and tireless effort. 鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已I will work heart and soul for my country to the day I draw my last breath. 兄弟齐心，其利断金When brothers come together, there is nothing they cannot achieve. 君子一言，驷马难追A word spoken is a word that must be honored. 和而不同【例】中国自古就主张和而不同。
我们希望，国与国之间、不同文明之间能够平等交流、相互借鉴、共同进步，各国人民都能够共享世界经济科技发展的成果，各国人民的意愿能够得到尊重，各国能够齐心协力推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。
harmony in diversity China has, since ancient times, been an exponent of harmony in diversity. We hope that different countries and different civilizations will engage in exchange on an equal basis, learn from each other, and achieve common progress. We hope that the people of all countries will share in the fruits of global economic, scientific, and technological advances and that their aspirations are respected. We also hope that all countries will work together in building a harmonious worldwhere peace is lasting and prosperity is shared by all.得其大者可以兼其小【例】“得其大者可以兼其小。
中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇
BeijingDiplomatic Service Bureau
备用金
reserve funds
背后批评
behind-the-back criticism
背离
depart from / deviate from / turn one’s back on
背书担保
guarantee by endorsement
被动中的主动
initiative within passivity
按年分期付款
Yearly installments
按票面价值
at par
按市价兑换
conversion at market prices
按照国际惯例
act in accordance with international practices
按照客观规律和科学规律办事
act in compliance with objective and scientific laws
抱残守缺
hang on to what’s outmoded
暴力犯罪
violent crimes
暴利
exorbitant profits
爆炸罪
crime of causing an explosion
悲观心理
a pessimistic mood
背包袱
be burdened with
北京通
oldBeijinghand
罢免
Recall(remove)from office
霸道
Be domineering/be tyrannical
霸权主义
Hegemonism
白领工人
中央文献重要术语译文发布（2015年第二期）
中央文献重要术语译文发布（2015年第二期）中央文献重要术语译文发布（2015年第二期）社会主义法治国家socialist rule of law country;socialist country built on the rule of law建设法治中国build a rule of law China依法治国law-based governance of the country依法执政law-based exercise of state power依法行政law-based administration of government依宪治国governance of the country on the basis of its constitution宪法日Constitution Day法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提The law is of great value in the governance of a country, and good laws are a prerequisit e forgood governance.法治体系rule of law system于法有据have a legal basis【例】重大改革于法有据All of our major reforms should have a legal basis.法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设a holistic approach to strengthening the rule of law in the country, in its government, an d insociety有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究ensure that laws are put in place, observed, and strictly enforced and that anyone who vi olatesthe law is held to account 科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法take a well-conceived approach to law-making, and ensure that law is strictly enforced, j ustice isadministered impartially, and the law is observed by all职能科学、权责法定、执法严明、公开公正、廉洁高效、守法诚信的法治政府a rule of law government which has well-conceived functions and statutorily defined pow ers andresponsibilities; which strictly enforces the law and is impartial; and which operat es in an open,clean, and efficient way, with strong credibility执法责任制accountability system for law enforcement人民陪审员制度system of people’s assessors重大决策终身责任追究制度system of lifelong accountability for major decisions重大决策责任倒查机制mechanism for retroactive investigation into accountability for major decisions政府权力清单list of government powers依法治国和以德治国相结合combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue天下之事，不难于立法，而难于法之必行In the governance of a country, it is the enforcement, not the enactment, of law that pre sentsthe greatest challenge.法立，有犯而必施；令出，唯行而不返Once enacted, a law must be enforced and anyone who violates it must be held to accou nt.。
中央文献重要术语译文发布(2015年第八期)
中央文献重要术语译文发布（2015年第八期）【中文-英文】中文英文人与自然和谐发展humankind develops in harmony with nature; harmonious development between man and nature生命共同体 a community of life生态文明ecological progress; ecological conservation; eco-civilization 生态文化eco-culture国家生态安全national ecological security全球生态安全global ecological security生态文明制度体系【例】到2020年，构建起由自然资源资产产权制度、国土空间开发保护制度等八项制度构成的生态文明制度体系。
institutional framework for promoting ecological progressBy 2020, an institutional framework composed of eight systems will have been established for promoting ecological progress, including a property rights system for natural resource assets and a system for developing and protecting territorial space.生态文明体制改革【例】紧紧围绕建设美丽中国,深化生态文明体制改革，加快建立生态文明制度，推动形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局。
reform for promoting ecological progressTo build a beautiful China, we will deepen reform to promote ecological progress and move faster to establish related systems so as to create a new model of modernization that ensureshumanity develops in harmony with nature.绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展green, circular, and low-carbon development节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主give high priority to conserving resources, protecting the environment, and letting nature restore itself生态保护红线ecological conservation redline 国家公园体制national park system资源有偿使用和生态补偿制度system for payment-based resource use and compensation for ecological conservation跨区域、跨流域生态补偿机制mechanism for trans-regional and cross-watershed compensation for ecological conservation生态文明绩效评价考核和责任追究ecological conservation performance assessment and accountability生态环境损害责任终身追究制system of lifelong accountability for ecological and environmental damage污染物排放许可制permit system for pollutants emissions绿水青山就是金山银山Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.。
中央编译局重要术语发布
中央文献重要术语译文发布【中文－英文】中文英文“四个全面”战略布局【释义】全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党。
Four-Pronged Comprehensive StrategyThe Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy is to make comprehensive moves to:1) finish building a moderately prosperous society;2) deepen reform;3) advance the law-based governance of China; and4) strengthen Party self-discipline.“两个一百年”奋斗目标【释义】在中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会，在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。
Two Centenary GoalsThe Two Centenary Goals are: to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the Communist Party of China celebrates its centenary in 2021; and to turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time the People’s Republic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049.三期叠加simultaneously deal with the slowdown in economic growth, make difficult structural adjustments, and absorb the effects of previous economic stimulus policies双目标【例】保持中高速增长和迈向中高端水平双目标。
中央文献重要术语译文发布
中央文献重要术语译文发布1. 新发展阶段 New Development Stage2. 新发展理念 New Development Concept3. 社会主义现代化国家 Socialist Modernization State4. 国家治理现代化 Modernization of State Governance5. 供给侧结构性改革 Supply-side Structural Reform6. 创新驱动发展战略 Innovation-driven Development Strategy7. 解放和发展社会生产力 Liberate and Develop Productive Forces8. 乡村振兴战略 Rural Revitalization Strategy9. 区域协调发展 Regional Coordinated Development10. 人民安居乐业 People's Well-being11. 创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享 Development Concepts of Innovation, Coordination, Green, Openness and Sharing12. 新型城镇化 New Urbanization13. 独立自主自强不息 Self-reliance and Self-improvement14. 坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度 Uphold and Improve the Socialist System with Chinese Characteristics15. 全面深化改革 Comprehensive Deepening of Reform16. 法治国家建设 Rule of Law Construction17. 强军兴军、创新驱动、依法治军 Three Priorities: Enhance the Military, Drive Innovation and Govern the Military by Law18. 中国特色大国外交 China's Major-country Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics19. 构建人类命运共同体 Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind20. 创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享 Development Concepts of Innovation, Coordination, Green, Openness and Sharing。
中央文献重要术语英文翻译
中央文献重要术语译文发布区域协同发展coordinated development betweenregions城乡发展一体化urban-rural integration物质文明和精神文明协调发展ensure that cultural-ethical andmaterial development progress together 军民融合发展战略military-civilian integration strategy经济建设和国防建设融合发展integrated development of the economyand national defense京津冀协同发展coordinated development of the Beijing,Tianjin, and Hebei region综合立体交通走廊multimodal transport corridor居住证制度residence card system财政转移支付同农业转移人口市民化挂钩机制mechanism linking the transfer payments a local government receives to the number of former rural residents granted urban residency in its jurisdiction城镇建设用地增加规模同吸纳农业转移人口落户数量挂钩机制mechanism linking increases in the amount of land designated for urban development in a locality to the number of former rural residents granted urban residency there中国特色新型智库new type of Chinese think tanks马克思主义理论研究和建设工程Marxist Theory Research and DevelopmentProject哲学社会科学创新工程initiative to promote innovation inphilosophy and the social sciences网络内容建设工程initiative to enrich online content 农村人居环境整治行动rural living environment improvementinitiative历史文化名村名镇towns and villages with rich historicaland cultural heritage美丽宜居乡村 a countryside that is beautiful andpleasant to live in中文英文全面建成小康社会决胜阶段theprosperous society in all respects欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！致力为企业和个人提供合同协议，策划案计划书，学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。
中央文献重要术语译文发布(2015年第一期)
中央文献重要术语译文发布（2015年第一期）“四个全面”战略布局Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy【释义】全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党。
The Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy is to make comprehensive moves to:1) finish building a moderately prosperous society;2) deepen reform;3) advance the law-based governance of China; and4) strengthen Party self-discipline.“两个一百年”奋斗目标Two Centenary Goals【释义】在中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会，在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。
The Two Centenary Goals are: to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the Communist Party of China celebrates its centenary in 2021; and to turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time the People’s Republi c of China celebrates its centenary in 2049.三期叠加simultaneously deal with the slowdown in economic growth, make difficult structural adjustments, and absorb the effects of previous economic stimulus policies双目标dual objectives【例】保持中高速增长和迈向中高端水平双目标。
苟利国家生死以,岂因祸福避趋之。
苟利国家生死以,岂因祸福避趋之“苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之”，出自林则徐所作《赴戍登程口占示家人》一诗。
该句化用春秋政治家子产的“苟利社稷，死生以之”一语，意思是只要对国家有利，即使牺牲自己生命也心甘情愿，绝不会因为自己可能受到祸害而躲开。
一、释义“苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之。
”这两句的大意是:“只要对国家有利，即使牺牲自己生命也心甘情愿，怎么能因为有福祉就追求，有祸患就避开呢?”在这里，“以”的意思是“用、把、拿”的意思。
“生死以”是介宾结构“以生死(实际是'以生死')”的倒装，把宾语“生死”提到介词“以”的前面。
直译是“用牺牲自己的生命(去换取)”。
值得注意的是:在汉语中凡是用两个相反意义的字联合组成的词语，往往其中只有一个字是真正的意义所在，在这首诗的“生死”一词中重点的、真正的意思是“死”，“生”字只是用来构成偏义复词，只是陪衬。
类似的例子很多，例如鲁迅赠日本友人的诗《题三义塔》中“度尽劫波兄弟在，相逢一笑泯恩仇。
”“恩仇”一词中，重点和真正的意思是“仇”，否则，连“恩”也要“泯(泯灭，忘记)”，那还能依然是兄弟吗?跟上述的“生死”一样，如果两个相反的意思都有，就解释不通了。
二、出处春秋时郑国子产因作丘赋而受到诽谤，他不以为意，说:“苟利社稷，死生以之。
”(《左传·昭公四年》) 两千余年后的一八四二年(壬寅年)八月，林则徐被充军去伊犁途经西安，口占留别家人，此即《赴戍登程口占示家人》组诗二首，其中第二首原文如下:力微任重久神疲，再竭衰庸定不支。
苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之?谪居正是君恩厚，养拙刚于戍卒宜。
戏与山妻谈故事，试吟断送老头皮。
林则徐还作自注:“宋真宗闻隐者杨朴能诗，召对，问:'此来有人作诗送卿否?'对曰:'臣妻有一首云:更休落魄耽杯酒，且莫猖狂爱咏诗。
今日捉将官里去，这回断送老头皮。
'上大笑，放还山。
东坡赴诏狱，妻子送出门，皆哭，坡顾谓曰:'子独不能如杨处士妻作一首诗送我乎?'妻子失笑，坡乃出。
中央文献重要术语译文发布
中央编译局
Central Compilation & Translation Bureau
2015年第一期
2015年第二期
2015年第三期
2015年第四期
2015年第五期
2015年第六期
2015年第七期
2015年第八期
2015年第九期五”规划）
全面建成小康社会决胜阶段the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects
坚持人民主体地位uphold the principal position of the people
2016年第一期
2016年第二期
2016年第三期
中文
宏观政策要稳、产业政策要
2016年第四期
2016年第五期
中文
人与自然和谐共生harmony between humankind and nature
2016年第六期
中文
开放型经济新体制new systems for developing an open economy 7
中文
人人参与、人人尽力、人人
2016年第八期
中文
中国工农红军Chinese
2016年第九期
中文
全面从严治党The Party shall exercise strict self-governance in every respect.。
中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照
汉语英语阿斗blockhead爱岗敬业love one’s work and be devoted to it 诚实守信be honest and keep one’s word爱国民主党派patriotic democratic parties爱国守法、明礼诚信、团结友善、勤俭自强、敬业奉献patriotism and observance of law; courtesy and honesty; solidarity and friendship; diligence, frugality and self-improvement;and devotion andcontribution爱国统一战线patriotic united front爱国卫生委员会patriotic Public Health Committee爱国卫生运动patriotic health and sanitation campaign 爱国主义教育基地site for patriotic education/site rich inpatriotic significance爱护公物take good care of public property爱面子be concerned with face-saving爱心工程Love Care Project爱婴医院Baby friendly hospital爱憎分明be clear about what to love and what tohate安定的国内环境Stable domestic environment安定团结的政治局面Political stability and unity安分守己abide by the law and behave oneself安全责任制Safety responsibility system 安慰奖Consolation prize安于现状be content to remain a layman按保护价敞开收购农民余粮Purchase surplus grain from farmerswithout limit at protective prices 按揭贷款Mortgage loan按可比价格算Calculated in comparable terms 按劳分配的原则Principle of distribution to eachaccording to his work按劳分配为主、多种分配方式并存的制度System under which distribution according to work is dominant and variety of modes of distribution coexist按年分期付款Yearly installments按票面价值at par按市价兑换conversion at market prices按照国际惯例 act in accordance withinternational practices按照客观规律和科学规律办事act in compliance with objectiveand scientific laws按照客观经济规律办事act in accordance with objectiveeconomiclaws按照事物本来面貌take things as they really are按照依法、自愿、有偿的原则进行土地承包经营权流转 transfer the contractual right of land according to law and on avoluntary and compensatory basis 按质论价Price products according toquality案犯 the accused/offender案件不受理dismissal of a legal case/nonacceptance of a legal case案件当事人 party to a case/party to a law suit 案情details of a case /facts of a case 暗补 implicit subsidies暗箱操作 under-the-counter activities八个坚持、八个反对Eight do’s and eight don’ts(1.Emancipate the mind and seek truth from facts; do not keep doing things the old way bine theory with practice; do not copy mechanically or worship books.3.Keep close ties with the people ; do not be formal or bureaucratic .4.Adhere to the principle of democratic centralism; do not act arbitrarily or be feeble and lax .5.Abide by Party discipline; do not act pursue liberalism.6.Be honest and upright; do not abuse power forpersonal gains.7.Work hard; do notbe hedonistic.8.Appoint people ontheir merits; do not practicefavoritism in personnel.)把党和国家的利益放在第一位place the interests of the party andstate above everything else把底摸熟了know one for what one is worth把个方面的积极性引导好、保护好、发挥好guide, protect and tap the initiative of all sectors of society properly把关Make final check把国内的事办好Manage domestic affairs well把好政治关 Strictly insist on the politicalcriteria把教育办好Do well in education把经济搞活Invigorate the economy /stimulatethe economy把科学成果转化成生产力Transform scientific researchresults into productive forces把马克思主义的普遍真理同我国的具体实际结合起来Integrate the universal truth of Marxism with the concrete realities of China把企业推向市场Encourage enterprises to compete inthe market把全部经济工作转到以提高经济效益为中心的轨道上来Shift the focus of all economic work to the improvement of economic results把社会效益放在首位Give prime consideration to socialeffects把水搅浑Create confusion /muddy the waters 把问题摆在做面上Place the problem on the table fordiscussion把问题弄清楚Get clear on the problems involved 把握时代特点Understand the characteristics ofthe times把依法治国和以德治国结合起来Govern the country by combining therule of law and the rule of virtue 罢官Depose/dismiss from office罢免Recall(remove)from office霸道Be domineering/be tyrannical霸权主义Hegemonism白领工人White-collar worker白色公害Plastic pollution白色恐怖White terror百废俱兴Do all that has been left undone 百花奖Hundred Flowers Award办事机构administrative body半费医疗partially paid medical care半公开more or less openly / partly open / semi-open半途而废give up halfway半殖民地半封建社会semi-colonial, semi-feudal society帮倒忙do more harm than help帮派思想严重be strongly factionalist in one's ideas / be obsessed by factionalist ideas 包产到户fix farm output quotas on a household basis保持党的先进性keep the Party's progressivenessmaintain the sustained, rapid and sound development of the national 保持国民经济持续、快速、健康发展economy保持清醒头脑keep clear heads / remain clear-headed / be sober-minded保护区protected area / conservation area /reserve保监会China Insurance Regulatory Commision保健食品health food保密工作work of safeguarding secret information保税区free trade zone保险业insurance industry保证中央的政令畅通ensure the Central Committee's decisions are carried out without failResources must be channeled to key projects and not spread thinly 保重点，不撒胡椒面everywhere.保值增值preserve or increase the value.报案report a case报案人informant报废资产dead assets报复杀人revenge murder报关单customs declaration / declaration form报关口岸port of entry抱残守缺hang on to what's outmoded暴力犯罪violent crimes暴利exorbitant profits爆炸罪crime of causing an explosion悲观心理 a pessimistic mood背包袱be burdened with北京通old Beijing hand北京外交人员服务局Beijing Diplomatic Service Bureau备用金reserve funds背后批评behind-the-back criticism背离depart from / deviate from / turn one's back on 背书担保guarantee by endorsement被动中的主动initiative within passivity被提名人nominee被选举权right to stand for election被葬送be ruined被征入伍者inductee本本主义book worship本国home country本国出生的公民natural-born citizen本国货币domestic currency本金总额capital sum本来面目true features本票bank check / cashier's check比较优势comparative advantage笔供written confession笔记检验handwriting verification必不可少的条件indispensable prerequisite必然要求inexorable demand毕业生分配制度system of job assignment for graduates闭关政策closed-door policy庇护罪犯shield criminals避难权right of asylum边防通行证frontier pass边境贸易frontier trade / border trade边缘学科interdisciplinary branch of science编假决算fabricate final accounts鞭策后进spur on those who lag behind / spur on the less advanced 变相敲诈勒索practice extortion in a disguised form变相逃废债务evasion of debt repayment in a disguised form辩证唯物主义dialectical materialism标底minimum price for a bid标准合同standard contract / model contract表层问题superficial problem表现自我self-expression表演艺术家performing artist憋着一肚子气harbor pent-up grievances别生枝节give rise to other contingencies濒危动物endangered animal species 兵役制度system of military service 秉公办事handle matters impartially 并行不悖be not mutually exclusive病虫害plant diseases and insect pests拨乱反正set things right / set things to rights波浪式前进advance in waves剥夺继承权disinherit剥夺阶级思想exploiting class ideology 博爱工程Love of Humanity Project 博士论文doctoral dissertation薄弱环节weak link补充兵源troop replenishment /replenish an army 补缴税款pay back taxes补台help somebody out 补贴价格subsidized price不安定因素destabilizing factor不称职be unsuited for one's job / be unqualified不成文法典unwritten code不吃香了go out of vogue / be unpopular不得姑息养奸No criminality is to be tolerated不得人心be unpopular / contrary to the will of the people不发达地区underdeveloped area不分青红皂白make no distinction between right and wrong / indiscriminately 不附加任何条件with no conditions attached / unconditional不干预政策hands-off policy / noninterference policy不敢惹not dare to offend不搞对抗avoid confrontation不公开审理hear in closed session不辜负希望justify the hope of / not disappoint somebody / not let somebody down不好交代difficult to account for不合国情inconsistent with a country's traditions (conditions)不怀好心harbor evil designs不计名利seek neither fame nor gain不间断电源uninterrupted power supply (UPS)不讲基本原则not concern oneself with the basic principles of不讲民主without any sense of democracy / undemocratic不结盟运动Nonaligned Movement不可撤消信用证irrevocable letter of credit不可怕not terrifying / nothing to be feared不吭一声not say a word about / remain silent about / keep one's mouth shut 不劳不得no pain, no gain不良后果adverse consequence不良品德bad character不良行为misdeed / bad behavior不留隐患remove hidden perils不履行合同breach the contract / not execute a contract不落俗套be unconventional不民主现象undemocratic practices不能成立be untenable / not hold water不能自圆其说untenable argument不平坦no plain sailing不切实际的高指标unrealistically high target不容拖延brook no delay不如别人be inferior to others不尚空谈refrain from empty talk不慎重的言论indiscreet statement不听劝告turn a deaf ear to all advice / ignore advice不同政治观点different political views不卫生的习惯unhygienic habit不问是非曲直make no distinction between right and wrong不相符合not in keeping with / not conform to / be inconsistent with 不屑于disdain to do something不朽著作immortal writings (works)不要上当not allow oneself to be misled (taken in)不一条心think differently / not of one mind不以人的意志为转移independent of man's will不在眼里beneath one's notice不正之风unhealthy tendencies / unhealthy practices不走资本主义的邪路not turn off onto the wrong road, the road to capitalism步步高升gradually rise to eminence步子要稳当go forward on a solid footing部署力量deploy one's forces财产保险property insurance财产不受侵犯inviolability of property财产抵押property mortgage财经体制financial and economic system财力分散decentralization of financial resources财税部门financial and taxation departments财务比率financial ratio财务分析financial analysis财务监督financial supervision财务拨款financial appropriations / financial allocations 财政赤字financial deficit / fiscal deficit财政担保financial guarantee财政分级管理tiered financial management system财政巨头financial magnate财政立法financial legislation财政收入回升Revenue increases财政收支revenues and expenditures财政预算financial budget财政专户管理management of special financial accounts裁定书award采伐许可证logging permit采取中立态度take a neutral attitude参与意识sense of participation参与债券participating bond参政党government coalition party参政议政participation in and deliberation of state affairs残疾人工作work concerning the disabled操作规程operating rules草地植被grassland vegetation cover草木皆兵be suspicious of everything曾用名previous name层层加码increase the quotas at each level 差别税率differential tax rate插手interference / interfere查办大案要案investigate and deal with major and important cases查无实据No evidence is found after the investigation差的很远fall far short of拆股stock split禅deep meditation产粮省grain-growing province产品规格product specification产品结构product mix产品验收制度system of product inspection产权界定delimitation of property rights产权收益income from property产销直接见面direct links between the producer and the seller 产业投资资金industrial investment fund产值output value长期低息贷款long-term low-interest loan长期国库券treasury bond长期人寿保险long-term life insurance长途通信电缆long-distance telecommunications cable 长远规划long-term program长远目标long-range objective尝苦头drain the cup of bitterness / suffer常住人口登记permanent population register / registration of permanent residents场内交易人floor trader畅销报纸mass-circulation newspaper敞开思想，畅所欲言speak one's mind freely and fully唱对台戏challenge somebody with opposing views 唱颂歌sing the praises of唱响社会主义文化的旋律highlight the main theme of socialist culture 超编overstaffed超高速at a super-high speed超计划生育give birth to more children than family planning allows超卖头寸oversold position超密中子星ultra dense neutron star超收的地区localities that have excess revenues超文本hypertext朝鲜战争Korean War吵闹不休kick up a great deal of fuss about / argue endlessly 炒作hype车匪路霸highway banditry扯皮wrangle with others撤回起诉withdraw an indictment / withdraw a charge撤退专家recall experts撤职处分punishment by dismissal (discharge)沉溺于engross oneself in / indulge in陈旧的思想stale ideas成本核算cost accounting成交额volume of business成套设备complete sets of equipment承包费contracting charge承前启后的伟大时代great era linking the past and the future承认版权acknowledgement of copyrightability to cope with / sustainability / capacity to withstand 承受能力strains承销期underwriting period城市合作银行urban cooperative bank城市居民委员会urban neighborhood committee城市污水处理规则rules for treatment of municipal wastewater城乡二元经济结构dual structure in urban and rural economiesexchange of goods and materials between town and country 城乡物资交流/ flow of commodities between town and country城镇土地使用税urban land-use tax惩治腐败punish corruption逞英雄play the braggart吃大亏suffer severely吃饭财政payroll finance / "mouth-feeding" budget吃饭问题problem of feasting on public funds吃红牌get a red card吃老本rest on one's laurels / live off one's past gains 持仓hold a position持久地向前发展advance in a sustained way赤潮red tide充分证据ample evidence / sufficient evidence充实队伍augment the existing contingent冲昏头脑turn someone's head冲劲drive重复报价repeat offer重复课税double taxation重审案件case for retrial抽逃资金illegally withdraw capital臭氧层ozone layer出错率error rate出发点starting point出格go too far出境检疫exit quarantine出境手续exit formalities出口补贴export restitution / export bounty / exportsubsidy出口创汇earn foreign exchange through exports出口代办行export commission house出口单据export document出口农业export-oriented agriculture出口商品基地base for the production of export commodities 出口退税export tax rebate / export tax refund出口信贷export credit出口专厂export-oriented factory出来工作go back to work出乱子cause disturbances / cause trouble出纳柜cashier's counter出勤率attendance rate出入境管理entry and exit control出生国籍nationality by birth出生入死brave untold dangers出庭辩护defend a case in court出问题go wrong / get into trouble出洋相make a fool of oneself / make a spectacle (an exhibition) of oneself出租率occupancy rate初步可靠的基础solid preliminary foundation 初步谅解preliminary understanding 初级保健制度primary healthcare system初加工产品preliminarily processed product初始保证金initial margin除害灭病eradicate pests and communicable diseases雏形embryonic form储蓄利率savings account interest rate处理失当mishandle / handle inappropriatelyin a fine-tuning period / in a break-in period / in a period of 处在磨合阶段adjustment穿小鞋make things hard for somebody传播先进文化spread advanced culture传票summons / subpoena传统安全威胁traditional threats to security传为笑谈become a standing joke / become a laughing-stock传讯subpoena传真系统facsimile system闯的精神pioneering spirit闯将pathbreaker创出牌子earn a high reputation创始国founding nation创新体系innovation system创造条件pave the way for / create the conditions for垂死的力量moribund forceunable to hide one's greed / with mouth watering for / drool 垂涎三尺with envy。
中央文献重要术语译文(6)热点术语
中央文献重要术语译文（6）热点术语说明：本期术语发布围绕中国梦主题，选择了9个术语，涉及中国梦的基本内涵、实现路径、中国梦与世界的关系等问题。
为了便于大家更好地理解和使用这些术语，每条术语都附有解释性例句。
1、中国梦Chinese Dream【例】实现中华民族伟大复兴，是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我们称之为“中国梦”，基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。
The rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has been the greatest dream of the Chinese people since the beginning of modern times; we call this the Chinese Dream. The idea in essence is to make the country prosperous and strong, rejuvenate the nation, and see that the people are happy.2、中国道路Chinese path【例】实现中国梦必须走中国道路。
这就是中国特色社会主义道路。
To realize the Chinese Dream, we must follow a Chinese path –the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.3、中国精神Chinese spirit【例】实现中国梦必须弘扬中国精神。
这就是以爱国主义为核心的民族精神，以改革创新为核心的时代精神。
To realize the Chinese Dream, we must foster the Chinese spirit – a fusion of the spirit of the Chinese people, central to which is patriotism, and the spirit of our era, central to which are reform and innovation.4、中国力量Chinese strength【例】实现中国梦必须凝聚中国力量。
中央编译局发布的术语整理随发随更新
中央编译局发布的术语整理随发随更新商事制度改革 reform of the business system无条件投降 unconditional surrender政府机构改革 government institutional reform法定职责必须为、法无授权不可为 Government must carry out all statutory functions and duties and may not do anything not authorized by law.简政放权、放管结合streamline government functions and administration and delegate powers while improving regulation 中国人民抗日战争the Chinese People’s War of Re sistance against Japanese Aggression (the War of Resistance) 太平洋战场 Pacific theater局部抗战regional war of resistance against Japanese aggression行政审批 government review and approval创新政府、廉洁政府和服务型政府an innovative, clean, and service-oriented government 基本公共服务均等化ensure equitable access to basic public services 正面战场center stage battlefield东方主战场 the main Eastern battlefield抗日民族统一战线Chinese united front against Japanese aggression全国抗战nationwide war of resistance against Japanese aggression用政府权力的“减法”，换取市场活力的“乘法” cut government powers to boost market vitality国际反法西斯统一战线the international anti-fascist united front战略防御/相持/反攻strategic defense/stalemate/counter-offensive中国人民抗日战争胜利纪念日Victory Memorial Day for the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (VM Day)敌后战场 backstage battlefield战争策源地 hotbed of war中国战场 China theater简化对外投资审批程序simplify procedures for reviewing outbound investment全面全民族抗战 total resistance against Japanese aggression by the whole nation 世界反法西斯战争the Global War against Fascism实施大部门制merge and streamline government departments市场准入负面清单 market access negative list政府责任清单 list of government responsibilities转变政府职能 transform government functions欧洲战场 European theater片面抗战 partial resistance against Japanese aggression。
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来源：中央编译局网站四个全面”战略布局【释义】全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党。
Four-Pronged Comprehensive StrategyThe Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy is to make comprehensive moves to:1) finish building a moderately prosperous society;2) deepen reform;3) advance the law-based governance of China; and4) strengthen Party self-discipline.“两个一百年”奋斗目标【释义】在中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会，在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。
Two Centenary GoalsThe Two Centenary Goals are: to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the Communist Party of China celebrates its centenary in 2021; and to turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time the People’s Republic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049.三期叠加simultaneously deal with the slowdown in economic growth, make difficult structural adjustments, and absorb the effects of previous economic stimulus policies双目标【例】保持中高速增长和迈向中高端水平双目标。
dual objectivesWe must focus on achieving the dual objectives of maintaining a medium-high rate of growth and moving toward a medium-high level of development.双引擎【例】打造大众创业、万众创新和增加公共产品、公共服务双引擎。
twin enginesWe need to develop twin engines –popular entrepreneurship and innovation, and greater supplies of public goods and services –to drive development.新常态【例】经济发展进入新常态，精神面貌要有新状态。
new normalChina’s economic development has entered a new normal, meaning we must adopt a new mindset.高压态势【例】始终保持反腐高压态势，对腐败分子零容忍、严查处。
tough stanceOur tough stance on corruption is here to stay; our tolerance for corruption is zero, and anyone guilty of corruption will be dealt with severely.硬骨头【例】啃了不少硬骨头tough issueWe tackled many tough issues.拦路虎【例】体制机制弊端和结构性矛盾是“拦路虎”。
tiger in the roadInstitutional and structural problems have become “tigers in the road”holding up development.扶上马、送一程【例】中小微企业大有可为，要扶上马、送一程。
give (sb) a leg up to get (sb) goingMedium, small, and micro businesses can accomplish great things. We need to give them a leg up to get them going.创客【例】众多“创客”脱颖而出。
makerWe have seen great numbers of makers giving expression to their talents.众创空间【例】发展众创空间maker spacedevelop maker spaces中国制造2025Made in China 2025 strategy“互联网+”行动计划Internet Plus Action Plan普惠金融inclusive finance税收法定原则principle of law-based taxation保持战略定力maintain strategic focus经济行稳致远maintain sustainable economic growth强农惠农富农strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and raise rural living standards健康稳定的大国关系框架a sound and stable framework for major-country relations为公平竞争搭好舞台level the playing field for fair competition织密织牢民生保障网develop a tightly woven and sturdy safety net让更多的金融活水流向实体经济allow more financial resources to be channeled into the real economy从制造大国转向制造强国transform China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality加强国际传播能力建设improve our ability to communicate effectively with international audiences结构性减税和普遍性降费make structural tax reductions and cut fees across the board精准扶贫、精准脱贫take targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty以释放市场活力对冲经济下行压力invigorate the market to offset downward economic pressure保基本、兜底线、建机制build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make due institutional arrangements有权不可任性Power is not to be used arbitrarily.社会主义法治国家socialist rule of law country;socialist country built on the rule of law建设法治中国build a rule of law China依法治国law-based governance of the country依法执政law-based exercise of state power依法行政law-based administration of government依宪治国governance of the country on the basis of its constitution宪法日Constitution Day法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提The law is of great value in the governance of a country, and good laws are a prerequisite for good governance.法治体系rule of law system于法有据【例】重大改革于法有据have a legal basisAll of our major reforms should have a legal basis.法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设a holistic approach to strengthening the rule of law in the country, in its government, and in society有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究ensure that laws are put in place, observed, and strictly enforced and that anyone who violates the law is held to account科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法take a well-conceived approach to law-making, and ensure that law is strictly enforced, justice is administered impartially, and the law is observed by all职能科学、权责法定、执法严明、公开公正、廉洁高效、守法诚信的法治政府a rule of law government which has well-conceived functions and statutorily defined powers and responsibilities; which strictly enforces the law and is impartial; and which operates in an open, clean, and efficient way, with strong credibility执法责任制accountability system for law enforcement人民陪审员制度system of people’s assessors重大决策终身责任追究制度system of lifelong accountability for major decisions重大决策责任倒查机制mechanism for retroactive investigation into accountability for major decisions政府权力清单list of government powers依法治国和以德治国相结合combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue天下之事，不难于立法，而难于法之必行In the governance of a country, it is the enforcement, not the enactment, of law that presents the greatest challenge.法立，有犯而必施；令出，唯行而不返Once enacted, a law must be enforced and anyone who violates it must be held to account.创新政府、廉洁政府和服务型政府an innovative, clean, and service-oriented government政府机构改革government institutional reform转变政府职能transform government functions简政放权、放管结合streamline government functions and administration and delegate powers while improving regulation用政府权力的“减法”，换取市场活力的“乘法”cut government powers to boost market vitality法定职责必须为、法无授权不可为Government must carry out all statutory functions and duties and may not do anything not authorized by law.政府责任清单list of government responsibilities市场准入负面清单market access negative list行政审批government review and approval简化对外投资审批程序simplify procedures for reviewing outbound investment实施大部门制merge and streamline government departments商事制度改革reform of the business system三证合一integrate the business license, the organization code certificate, and the certificate of taxation registration into one document基本公共服务均等化ensure equitable access to basic public services中国人民抗日战争（简称：抗日战争、抗战）the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (the War of Resistance)抗日民族统一战线Chinese united front against Japanese aggression全面全民族抗战total resistance against Japanese aggression by the whole nation片面抗战partial resistance against Japanese aggression全国抗战nationwide war of resistance against Japanese aggression局部抗战regional war of resistance against Japanese aggression正面战场center stage battlefield敌后战场backstage battlefield战略防御/相持/反攻strategic defense/stalemate/counter-offensive世界反法西斯战争the Global War against Fascism国际反法西斯统一战线the international anti-fascist united front战争策源地hotbed of war中国战场China theater欧洲战场European theater太平洋战场Pacific theater东方主战场【例】中国开辟了世界反法西斯战争的东方主战场。