儒道对比

summary
the combination of the two has eventually led to the birth of the characteristic culture of the culture of the Chinese nation ,that is ,prudent without being rigid, enterprising without being foolhardy ,pricipled and flexible , enthusiastic and cool-headed
differences
the outlook on life
the methodological point of view
the cosmological point of view
man is an integral part of nature
1. both confucianism and taoism maintained this idea Zhouyi :" A great man should act in accordance with the law of nature,be as bright as the sun and the moon, be as orderly as the four seasons，punish evildoers and encourage people to do good as the spirits do ." Laozi :" Man should adapt himself to the nature."
focus on the Heavenly Way taoism emphasize naturalness and inaction let things take their own course
the political point of view
proposition
Confucianism : the rule of rites and virtuous character borrow some of theቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱthoughts of the Legal School the rule of virtue along with the the use of punishmments
oppose both going beyond and falling short
Taoism:
• • • • • • suggest people sticking to one end or extreme (the weak ,thequiet ,and the void) gain advantages by making concessions use inaction against action defeat the strong by the weak cope with shifting events by stcking to a fundamental principle retreat in order to advance ,and calmness
confucianism :( constructive )
encourage people to "going into the society"
taoism: ( critical )
ask people to"retire from the world ",and to be critial of the reality or society
Taoism: The Tao-te Ching
3.compare Confucianism with Taoism from the viewpoint of the content
the cosmological point of view
the political point of view
character moral teaching and rules and regulation Taoism:
the rule of inaction make light of righteousness and virtue,rites and punishment
the outlook on life
2. they have different themes
confucianism:subjective will and moral character taoism:let nature take its course
3.they pay attention to different aspects concentrate on human side confucianism stress the power of virtue in the human character
typical personality of literati and officialdom in feudal china
display their independent personality achieve spiritual fulfillments realize their political aspirations reap earthly fruits. an ideal model of personality A sage may be in a royal court,yet his heart is in the mountains and forests.
T h a n k o u
y
Confucianism VS Taoism
1.representative personage
confucianism: Confucius, Menci taoism: Lao-tzu, Chuang-tzu
2.magnum opus
Confucianism: The Analects of Confucius
the methodological point of view
both are characterized by their speculative thinking Confucianism:advocate the Golden Mean or the Middle of the Road