英语语法人称代词

人称代词表示“你”“我”“他”“我们”等的词叫做人称代词，它有人称，数和格的变化.

用法1.主格作主语和表语

He was late yesterday. 昨天他吃到了。

Oh, it’s you ! 是你啊！

2. 宾格作宾语

I saw him at the meeting. 我在会上看见他了。

Have you heard from her. 我收到他的来信了。

注：to be +人称代词作主语的补语时，人称代词用主格; 作主语的补语时用宾格。

I was thought to be she .人们认为我是她。

to be she 用来做主语I 的补语，所以要用主格she .

I thought it to be her. 这里to be her 是宾语it的补语，所以要用宾语her.

两个以上的代名词并列时，其排列顺序是：

a.通常是2.3.1或3.2.1人称的排列。

Mary and kate are classmates.

Y ou, he and mary are good friend.

如果和比自己身份低的人或动物并列时，说成I and my dog.

b.复数：通常按1.2.3人称排列。

We, you and they have been invited to the party.

Both we and they happened to be there.

c.第三人称男女两性并列时，男先女后。

He and she still do not quite agree to this plan. 他和她还不完全同意这个计划.

d.承认过失，表示不好的事，单数形式按1.3.2人称排列，复数形式按3.2.1的人称排列。

It was I and tom that broke the window.

They, you and we should leave there at once. 他们，你和我们应该马上离开这。

物主代词表示所有关系的代词成为物主代词，也称代词所有格，它分为形容词性和名词性物主代词。

e.g. 形容词性物主代词my . your . his . her . its . our . your . their

名词性物主代词mine . yours . his . hers . its . ours . yours . theirs

用法

1.形容词性物主代词常作定语：

Is that man with his hand in his pockets your brother?

那个把手放在口袋里的人是你的弟弟吗？

2.名词性物主代词常作主语，宾语及表语

My bike is out of order. May I use his ?

我的自行车坏了，我可以用他的吗？

Can I borrow your pen ？yours writes better than mine.

我能借你的钢笔用一下吗？你的笔比我的好写！

注：如果要表示“某人的一个……时”，必须用“of+名词性物主代词”来表示。

e.g a friend of mine 我的一个朋友。

This lovely child of his. 他那可爱的孩子。

Its 一般不能单独使用。需要时可以用its own. 如：

That’s the cat’s basket. It’s its own.

复数主语+each are 要与复数代词取得一致；复数主语+are each 要与单数代词一致：They each are eager to see their own mother.

They are each eager to see his own mother.

比较两句的不同。意思相同。

反身代词：表示反射（指一个动作反射到动作执行者本身）或强调（即用来加强名词或代词的语气）的代词叫反身代词。其形式列表如下：

1．作宾语

Make yourself at home. 别客气。

She is worried about herself. 她为自己而担忧。

2．作表语

I am not quite myself today. 我今天感觉不太好。

He recovered from the shock and was himself soon. 他从震惊中清醒过来，很快恢复正常了。3．作同谓语（起加强语气的作用）

She is going abroad next month, she herself told me. 她亲口告诉我她下月要出国。

I gave the letter to the teacher himself. 我把信交给老师本人。

注：反身代词不能用作第一主语，可以作用于第二，第三主语。

My brother and myself went there yesterday.

反身代词的常用词组：

Make oneself understood 让别人懂得自己的话

Behave oneself 使自己行为规矩些

Teach oneself 自学

Hide oneself （自己）藏起来

Enjoy oneself 过的很愉快，尽兴

Dress oneself 自己穿衣服

By oneself 独自

For oneself 为自己，亲自的

练习题：主格所有格