左室17节段分法

17-Segment Model (AHA)

Left Ventricle Segmentation Procedure

The muscle and cavity of the left ventricle can be divided into a variable number of segments. Based on autopsy data the AHA recommends a division into 17 segments for the regional analysis of left ventricular function or myocardial perfusion:

▪The left ventricle is divided into equal thirds perpendicular to the long axis of the

heart. This generates three circular sections of the left ventricle named basal,

mid-cavity, and apical. Only slices containing myocardium in all 360° are included.

▪The basal part is divided into six segments of 60° each. The segment nomenclature along the circumference is: basal anterior, basal anteroseptal, basal inferoseptal, basal inferior, basal inferolateral, and basal anterolateral. The attachment of the right

ventricular wall to the left ventricle can be used to identify the septum.

▪Similarly the mid-cavity part is divided into six 60° segments called mid anterior, mid anteroseptal, mid inferoseptal, mid inferior, mid inferolateral, and mid anterolateral.

▪Only four segments of 90° each are used for the apex because of the myocardial

tapering. The segment names are apical anterior, apical septal, apical inferior, and

apical lateral.

▪The apical cap represents the true muscle at the extreme tip of the ventricle where

there is no longer cavity present. This segment is called the apex.

Polar Plots

If functional values have been obtained in the 17 cardiac segments by some quantification method, they can be arranged as a polar plot with the

▪apex in the center,

▪the four apical segments as a first ring,

▪the six mid-cavity segments as the second ring,

▪and the six apical segments as the outermost ring.

Such an arrangement makes it easy to compare the outcome in different conditions (eg. rest/stress) or between patients. The arrangement together with numbers identifying the cardiac segments is illustrated below.

Basal Segments Mid-cavity Segments Apical Segments

1. basal anterior 7. mid anterior 13. apical anterior

2. basal anteroseptal 8. mid anteroseptal 14. apical septal

3. basal inferoseptal - 后间隔9. mid inferoseptal 15. apical inferior

4. basal inferior 10. mid inferior 16. apical lateral

5. basal inferolateral -后（侧）壁11. mid inferolateral 17. apex

6. basal anterolateral - 原侧壁12. mid anterolateral

The relative contribution of the basal, mid-cavity, and apical segments are 35% (6/17), 35%

(6/17), and 30% (5/17), respectively.

●AP4: (infero)septal, (antero)lateral

●AP2: inferior, anterior

●AP3: basal/mid inferolateral, basal/mid anteroseptal