石油工程英语翻译
中石油职称英语词汇
中石油职称英语词汇中石油职称英语词汇是指与中国石油公司职称相关的英语词汇。
作为中国最大的石油和化工企业，中国石油公司拥有众多的职称，涵盖了各个职能部门和岗位。
掌握中石油职称英语词汇对于从事石油行业的人员来说，是一种必备的能力。
以下是一些与中石油职称相关的英语词汇：1. Petroleum Engineer（石油工程师）: A professional who specializes in the exploration, extraction, and production of oil and gas.2. Geologist（地质学家）: A scientist who studies the origin, history, and structure of the Earth's crust, with a focus on identifying potential oil and gas reservoirs.3. Reservoir Engineer（油藏工程师）: A specialist in the evaluation and management of oil and gas reservoirs, including optimizing production methods and estimating reserves.4. Drilling Engineer（钻井工程师）: An expert in planning and overseeing the drilling of oil and gas wells, ensuring safe and efficient operations.5. Production Engineer（生产工程师）: A professional responsible for optimizing oil and gas production processes, including managing equipment and troubleshooting production issues.6. Pipeline Engineer（管道工程师）: An engineer who designs, constructs, and maintains pipelines for transporting oil and gas over long distances.7. Refinery Operator（炼油厂操作员）: A technician responsible for operating and maintaining equipment in oil refineries, ensuring the efficient conversion of crude oil into various petroleum products.8. Safety Inspector（安全检查员）: A professional who conducts inspections and audits to ensure compliance with safety regulations and procedures in the oil and gas industry.9. Environmental Specialist（环境专家）: An expert in environmental regulations and practices, responsible for assessing and mitigating the environmental impact of oil and gas operations.10. Project Manager（项目经理）: A professional who oversees the planning, execution, and control of oil and gas projects, ensuring they are completed on time and within budget.11. Finance Analyst（财务分析师）: An expert in financial analysis and planning, responsible for evaluating the financial performance of oil and gas projects and providing recommendations for improvement.以上只是中石油职称英语词汇中的一部分，涵盖了石油行业的各个方面。
(完整版)石油工程专业英语【课文翻译】
Unit 1 Introduction to petroleum industry1) Introduction石油工业在我们的日常生活以及其他工业领域扮演着相当重要的角色。
石油工业可以主要分成上游部分、中游部分以及下游部分。
今天，许多大的石油公司，例如中国石油、中石化、中海油，都在中国开采着地下油藏的大量原油。
大多数原油和天然气都是由几百万年前在沼泽和海洋中的植物和动物形成的。
这些有机物与小溪和河流中的淤泥沉积在一起。
这些沉积最终压实形成了沉积岩石。
热量和压力把这些植物和动物中柔软的部分转化成为固态的、液态的和气态的碳氢化合物，也就是我们知道的煤、原油和天然气。
随着陆地和海洋的石油工业的快速繁荣，公众的注意力也集中到了石油工业的环境保护问题上来。
幸运的是，技术的创新、精心的培训、严格的法规都将让石油工业对人类、动物、土壤、空气和水的污染降低到最小。
✓Swamp: 沼泽，湿地✓Stringent : 严格的，必须遵守的2) Three main components of the industry今天，上游部分包括了超过100家勘探和生产公司以及数百家相关的部门，例如地震和钻井承包商，修井承包商，工程公司和各种科学技术服务公司和供给部门。
中游部分包括连接生产和消费领域的油气集输系统。
其他的设备将提炼硫和液态天然气，储存石油和天然气产品，并且用卡车、铁路以及油罐车运输产品。
下游部分由炼油厂、气体分离设备、原油零售商、服务站以及石油化工公司。
✓Service rig: 修井设备；修井机✓Utility：n. 功用，实用；a. 实用的；多用途的3) Finding oil and natural gasa)Exploration- the search for petroleum一个圈闭应该包含三个要素：●多孔油藏岩石来聚集石油和天然气—典型的岩石有：砂岩、石灰岩和白云岩。
●上覆不可渗透岩石来阻止油气的逃逸。
石油行业常用英语词汇(全面)
石油行业常用英语词汇（全面）1. 石油勘探（Petroleum Exploration）Seismic survey：地震勘探Exploration well：探井Reservoir：储层Porosity：孔隙度Permeability：渗透率2. 钻井与完井（Drilling and Completion）Drilling rig：钻机Bit：钻头Drill pipe：钻杆Casing：套管Cementing：固井Completion：完井Fracking：水力压裂3. 采油与生产（Oil Production and Extraction）Production well：生产井Pumpjack：抽油机Artificial lift：人工举升Separator：分离器Flowline：输油管线Tank farm：储油罐区4. 石油加工（Petroleum Refining）Crude oil：原油Refinery：炼油厂Distillation：蒸馏Cracking：裂化Catalytic reforming：催化重整Asphalt：沥青Lube oil：润滑油5. 石油产品（Petroleum Products）Gasoline：汽油Diesel：柴油Jet fuel：航空煤油Fuel oil：燃料油Petrochemicals：石油化工产品6. 安全与环保（Safety and Environmental Protection）HSE（Health, Safety and Environment）：健康、安全与环境 Spill：泄漏Emission：排放Waste treatment：废物处理Environmental impact assessment：环境影响评估7. 国际合作与市场（International Cooperation and Market）OPEC（Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries）：石油输出国组织Brent crude：布伦特原油NYMEX（New York Mercantile Exchange）：纽约商品交易所Spot market：现货市场Futures contract：期货合约本文档为您提供了石油行业常用英语词汇的全面梳理，希望对您的工作和学习有所帮助。
中石化出国英语培训班词汇必备.
中石化出国英语培训班词汇必备石油钻井作业现场工作人员名称1.钻井队：drilling crew，drilling team队，组：crew team2.技术员：technician钻井技术员：drilling technician泥浆技术员：mud technician3.监督：supervisor钻井监督：drilling supervisor副监督：assistant supervisor地质监督：geology supervisor4. 工程师：engineer泥浆工程师：mud engineer泥浆工：mudman机械工程师：mechanic engineer引擎，发动机：engine工程：engineering钻井工程：drilling engineering采油工程：production engineering石油工程：petroleum engineering试油工程：oil test engineering拓展记忆：工程项目：project希望工程：The Hope Project三峡工程：The Three-Gorge Project项目经理：project manager工程管理：project management钻工：roughneck，floorman司钻：driller副司钻：assistant driller钻井队长：drilling foreman钻井领班：tool pusher井架工：derrick man发动机工，机工：motorman钻台工：floor man机械师：technicians，mechanic电焊工：welder电工：electrician医生：doctor材料员：material man，staff man炊事员：cook翻译：interpreter，translator洗衣工：laundry man石油作业现场常用工具1. 石油作业现场普通工具板手：wrench螺丝起子：screwdriver多角螺丝起子：Phlilips screwdriver活动板手：monkey wrench，adjustable wrench钳子：pliers手斧：hatchet钩子：hook台钳：bench vice榔头：hammer木锤：mallet搬手：spanner1.钻探，钻井：drill拓展记忆：钻井：drilling定向斜井：directional drilling欠平衡钻井：under-balance海上钻井：off-shore陆地钻井：on-land drilling钻头：drill bit刮刀钻头：drag bit牙轮钻头：rock bit金刚石钻头：diamond bit喷射钻头：jet bit钻铤：drill collar衣领：collar钻杆：drill pipe钻井队：drilling crew，drilling team 钻机：drill rig钻井泥浆：drilling mud钻井液：drilling fluid钻井设备：drilling equipment2. 油、石油：oil拓展记忆：原油：crude oil石油：petroleum中国石油（简称）：Petro-China采油：oil production采油设备：oil production equipment 采油平台：oil production platform 油泵：oil pump3.地质：geology拓展记忆：地质专业人员：geologist物理：physics地球物理勘探：geo-physical probe，geo-physical exploration测井Logging测井作业：logging operation测井记录：logging record4. 油（副词“好”含意）：well拓展记忆：井眼：hole油井：oil well试井，油井测试：well test井下：down-hole井下作业：down-hole operation石油钻井方法基础词汇原油：crude oil天然气：nature gas煤层气：coal-bed gas一体化设计：integral design钻井：drilling钻井原理：the priciples of drilling顿钻钻井：percussion drilling，cable-tool drilling旋转钻井：rotary drilling液体冲击：fluid percussion大位移：big deviation侧钻井：sidetracking drilling technology，lateral drilling 水平井：horizontal well探井：wildcat，wildcat drilling深井：deep well浅井：shallow well老井：maturing well欠平衡钻井：under-balanced drilling丛式钻井：cluster drilling technology煤层气井：coal-bed gas well生产井：production wells报废井：abandon wells停产井：none-production wells绕障井、三维井：three-dimensional wells.常温井：normal temperature well注采井：injection and production well稠油井：heavy oil well热洗井：hot washing pipe井况：well condition石油钻井技术基础词汇技术规范，技术指标，技术性能：specification拉伸：tension拉伸强度：tensile strength应力：stress压力：pressure应力点：stress point压力等级：pressure grade压力降：pressure drop压力梯度：pressure gradient回压：back pressure大气压：atmosphere压差：differential pressure静液柱压力：static fluid cloumn pressure特征：characteristic，feature定性讨论：qualitative argument定量使用：quantitative use液体：liquid固体：solid气体：gas，air正的：positive负的：negative虚线：dashed line，broken line实线：full line递减率：decline rate正比于：be proportional to水平的：horizontal垂直的：vertical油层静压：the formation static pressure石油钻井参数基础词汇负荷：load扭矩：torque扭转：twist摩擦：friction钻压：WOB，weight on bit，weight，drilling weight钻速：ROP，rate of penetration，drilling rate，the rate of drilling 平均机械钻速：average ROP钻井周期：drilling period转速：rotary speed地层压力预测：formation pressure prediction technology地层快速预测：the formation fast prediction埋藏深度：bury depth产油层，产油带：pay zone, productive formation温度梯度：temperature gradient地层压力：formation pressure坍塌压力：collapse pressure and破裂压力：fracture pressure平衡压力：equilibrium pressure钻具（柱）压力：drilling string pressure钻头振动：vibration of bit钻井成本：drilling costs井眼尺寸：hole size，well size参数计算：parameters calculation几何参数：geometric parameters参数分析：parameter analysis动态参数：dynamic data静态参数：static data注水参数：parameters of injection参数、变量：variables井距：well space垂直深度：vertical depth水平位移：horizontal deviation总深度：total depth垂直深度：vertical depth水平位移：horizontal displacement最大井斜角：maximum hole inclination井眼环空：annulus space压力调节器：pressure regulator恢复（增加）压力：the build-up pressure初始开采：primary recovery含水地层：water bearing formation套管漏失：casing leak摩擦损失：friction losses气举阀：gas-lift valve石蜡族：paraffin series含气液柱：gas-laden column增产措施：stimulation treatment流动能力：flowing capacity生产速率：production rate水驱：water drive气驱：gas drive网状系统：grid system水侵：water influx五点法：five-spot pattern油井产量：well productivity径向流：radial system富气：enriched gas贫气：lean gas气顶：gas cap气驱：gas drive (or gas flooding)水驱：water drive (or water flooding)地层伤害：formation damage波及系数：sweep efficiency泄油半径：drainage radius基岩处理：matrix treatment单级脱气：single stage separation泄油面积：drainage area表面张力：surface tension束缚水：connate water (or interstitial water)其他Derrick井架Crown block天车Drilling line大绳Rig floor钻台Monkey board二层台Traveling block游车Top drive顶驱Shackle卡环Elevator吊卡Spud in开钻Spud mud开钻泥浆Safety slips安全卡瓦Sub/adapter接头/短节Kelly方钻杆Drill collar钻铤Drill pipe钻杆Drill string钻柱Lay down the drill pipe甩钻杆Jar震击器Shock absorber减震器Rat hole大鼠洞Mouse hole小鼠洞Fishing tool打捞工具Fishing spear打捞矛Pin公扣Box母扣Safety joint安全接头Safety belt安全带Safety cap/hard hat/helmet安全帽Boots工鞋Flange 法兰Back-up tongs内钳Lead tongs外钳Pneumatic tongs气动大钳Hydraulic tongs液压大钳Driller room司钻房Assistant driller副钻Floorman钻工Rig钻机Wellhead井口Bell Nipple井口喇叭口Fish井下落物Single(pipe)/joint单根Threbble/stand一柱Breaking down/lay down甩单根Make a connection接单根Pneumatic draw works气动绞车Basket吊笼Sling绳套Loosening松开Tightening紧固Change shift换班Tubing hanger油管挂Blowout preventer(BOP)防喷器Accumulator储能器Agitator 搅拌器Ato-muffler消音器Clutch离合器Heavy weight drill pipe(HWDP)加重钻杆Hydraulic valve液压阀Chock line阻流管线Well control manifold井控管汇Pressure relief valve压力释放阀Directional well定向井Conductor隔水套管Casing套管Tubing油管Liner 尾管Run casing下套管Casing size套管尺寸Surface casing表层套管Casing shoe套管靴Casing scraper刮管器Cementing pump固井泵Cementing line固井管线Cementing head水泥头Squeeze cement挤水泥Wait on cementing候凝Cement plug水泥塞Bridge plug桥塞Christmas tree采油树Spanner扳手Hammer锤子Screwdriver改锥Tighten the screw上紧螺丝Loosen the screw松开螺丝Pressure testing试压Leak漏泄Leak off test地漏试验Formation integrity test地漏试验No leaking不漏Electric welding电焊Gas welding气焊Sealing ring密封圈Sidewall井壁Get stuck/sticking卡钻Meet sticking/stick pipe遇卡Free stick解卡Meet resistance遇阻Mud circulation循环泥浆Kick井涌Blowout/gush井喷Lost circulation/lost returns井漏Plugging/sealing堵漏Lost circulation material堵漏材料Lost circulation additives/plugging agent堵漏剂Mud pit泥浆池HI-VIS sweep稠泥浆Mud additive泥浆添加剂Packer封隔器Bit钻头Centralizer/stabilizer扶正器Cuttings岩屑Reaming/redressing划眼Reverse reaming/back reaming/up reaming倒划眼Make-up of string钻具组合Build the pressure憋压Waiting on cement候凝Slurry水泥浆Logging电测Wiper trip通井Coring取芯Coring tool取芯工具Coring bit取芯钻头Formation地层Kill line压井管线Choke line manifold阻流管汇Trip in hole(TIH)/running in hole(RIH)/go in hole(GIH)下钻Pull out of the hole(POOH)起钻Bottom hole assembly(BHA)井底钻具组合Short trip短起Reverse circulation反循环Open the well for gushing放喷Burner燃烧器Hydrogen sulfide/hepatic gas硫化氢Mask防毒面具Measuring tank/trip tank计量罐Separator分离器Desander/sand separator除沙器Shale shaker震动筛Mud pump/slush pump/drilling pump泥浆泵Piston活塞Liner钢套Valve阀门High pressure pipe高压管线Rush to repair抢修Viscosifier增粘剂Diluent稀释剂Stabilizer稳定剂Emulsifying agent乳化剂Disperse agent消油剂Caustic soda烧碱Gravity比重Mud engineer泥浆工程师Geologic engineer地质师Mechanical engineer机械师Drilling engineer钻井工程师Electrical engineer电器师Supervisor监督Captain/shipmaster船长Madman泥浆工Start pumping开泵Stop pumping停泵Pipe tongs/pipe spanner管钳Thread protector护丝Hose 软管Hook 大钩Ball valve/globe valve球阀Hydrogen氢气Nitrogen氮气Oxygen氧气Overload过载Hatch door舱门Anchor machine锚机Mooring rope带缆绳Anchor chain锚链Fire extinguisher灭火器Fire hydrant消防栓Water tap水龙带Deck甲板Draft line吃水线Helideck飞机甲板Portable water/fresh water淡水Drill water钻井水Ventilation通风设备Thermometer温度计Anemometer风速仪Barometer气压仪Crane boom吊车爬杆Transformer变压器Life boat救生艇Life jacket救生衣Life buoy救生圈Survival suit救生服Safety net安全网Foam fire extinguishing system泡沫灭火系统Co2 hand portable fire extinguisher手提式CO2灭火机Portable dry powder fire extinguish手提式干粉灭火机Fireman’s suit消防服Stretcher担架First aid kit急救箱First aid equipment急救设备Standby boat值班船Towing line拖缆Jack house升降室Condenser冷凝器Fire drill消防演习BOP drill防喷器演习Abandon drill逃生演习Fire alarm system火灾报警系统Variable load可变载荷Paint油漆Crane吊车Brush刷子Welding rod电焊条Remove rust除锈Unload卸载Drop anchor抛锚Gesture手势Signal信号Range light桅灯Lamp signal灯语Flag signal旗语Broadcast广播Barite重晶石Bentonite土粉Cement水泥Tray托盘Rack架Bundle捆Prevent pollution防污Mop拖布Rag 擦布Tie up带缆Cast off解缆Diesel柴油Generator发电机Motor电机Air condition空调Air compressor空压机Fresh water maker造水机Emergency generator应急发电机Fire pump消防泵Fuel pump燃油泵Mud cycle pump泥浆循环泵Distribution room配电间Submersible pump潜水泵Boiler锅炉Ground connection接地Short circuit短路Air button空气开关Electric shock触电Pliers老虎钳Keep away走开Cubic meter立方Square meter平方Water tank水舱Oil tank油舱Ballast tank压载舱钻井英语５００句一、主-系-表句型（一）主-系-表句型是英语中最常用的句型之一，其结构是:主语+系词+表语。
石油工程专业英语【课文翻译】(1)
Unit 2 Geology and reservoir trapsP24在石油工程中，工程师必须知道油藏是怎样的，石油是如何形成的，流涕在油藏中是如何流动的。
地质在石油勘探中扮演者主要的角色。
石油工程专业的学生应该学会辨认不同的圈闭类型，这些圈闭是油气储集的地方。
P26世界上被发现的大多数石油都是在相对低渗的多孔岩石中被圈闭起来的。
这些油藏通常离生成地都有很远的距离。
当碳氢化合物运移到地面的时候，就形成了油苗。
长此以往，就有大量的碳氢化合物逃逸到大气中。
流动水也可能冲刷掉碳氢化合物。
有时候只有较轻、易挥发的组分运移了，剩下的就是较重的原油。
P37Unit 4 Properties of reservoir rockP60Unit 6 Well completionP99 当一口完成了钻井，做完产层的经济评价之后就开始下套管，准备油气井的生产了。
完井的设备和方法是很多的，这个取决于具体井的油气储集类型、井具体阶段的开发要求，还有施工时候的经济状况。
低压套管，有时候还是二手的，可以用于产量是边际产量的井，并且其他的投资也要相应减少。
如果油井可能是高压，井的寿命预期较长，就会使用最好质量的油管。
Unit 7 Production of oil and gasP120气举是一种很灵活的方法，在海洋上可以用于斜井，并且可以迅速的适应于产量变化的需要以及产液种类变化的需要。
在多数井中，随着时间推移，井筒中产水量的增加会对压力系统有很显著的影响。
影响气举效率的一个重要因素就是气体与原油之间的滑脱效应。
Unit 11 Enhanced oil recoveryP193表面活性剂驱和碱驱的驱油机理是建立在形成极低的界面张力的基础上的，其中聚合物驱或者表面活性剂/聚合物驱是利用控制流度来提高采收率。
注入的碱与油藏中的石油衍生物脂肪酸发生化学反应，就地生成脂肪酸钠盐。
生成的这种表面活性剂就可以形成极低的界面张力。
石油行业翻译常用单词汇总
石油行业翻译常用单词汇总petrol 石油Pet.Engr. 石油工程师pet.pord 石油产品petro-technology 石油技术petrobitumen 石油沥青PetroCanada 加拿大石油公司petrochemical complex 石油化工petrochemical equipment 石油化工设备petrochemical plant 石油化工厂petrochemical process 石油化工过程petrochemical processing 石油化学加工petrochemical unit 石油化工装置petrochemical waste disposal 石油化学废料处置petrochemical 岩石化学的；石油化学的；石油化学产品petrochemicals 石油化学产品petrochemistry 岩石化学；石油化学petrodollars 石油美元petrogenic gas 石油气petrolene 石油烯；软沥青Petroleos Mexicanos 墨西哥石油公司petroleum accumulation 石油聚集petroleum additive 石油添加剂petroleum aromatics 石油芳烃petroleum asphalt 石油沥青petroleum base rustpreventive 石油基防锈剂petroleum base 石油基petroleum benzine 石油醚petroleum bitumen 石油沥青petroleum black 石油烟黑petroleum bloom 石油萤光petroleum chemicals 石油化学品petroleum cloud point tester 石油浊点测定仪petroleum coal 固体石油petroleum coke 石油焦petroleum composition 石油组成petroleum contract 石油合同petroleum convertibility 石油可逆性petroleum cuts 石油馏分petroleum demand 石油需求petroleum derivative 石油衍生物petroleum drilling 石油钻井petroleum emulsion breaker 石油破乳装置petroleum energy elasticity 石油能源弹性值petroleum engineer 石油工程师petroleum engineeringeconomics 石油工程经济学petroleum engineering 石油工程petroleum ester 石油酯petroleum ether insolubles 石油醚不溶物petroleum ether 石油醚petroleum exhaust 石油废气petroleum explorationhydrodynamics 石油勘探流体动力学petroleumexploration-oriented hydrodynamic evaluation 石油勘探水动力评价petroleum fermentationprocess 石油发酵过程petroleum fermentation 石油发酵petroleum fraction 石油馏分petroleum gas oil 石油气体油petroleum gas 石油气petroleum genesis 石油形成petroleum geochemistry 石油地球化学petroleum geologist 石油地质学家petroleum geology 石油地质学petroleum geophysics 石油地球物理学petroleum hydrocarbon 石油烃petroleum hydrogeology 石油水文地质学petroleum industry 石油工业petroleum jelly 石油膏petroleum microbiology 石油微生物学petroleum microorganism 石油微生物petroleum migration 石油运移petroleum mining machinery 石油机械petroleum nitrogen base 石油中的含氮碱petroleum operation 石油作业petroleum origin 石油生成petroleum pipe line 石油管道petroleum pitch enamel 石油沥青漆petroleum processing 石油加工petroleum production act 石油生产法petroleum products 石油产品petroleum prospecting 石油勘探petroleum refinery 石油炼厂petroleum refining 石油加工petroleum regulation 石油管理法规petroleum reserves 石油储量petroleum resin 石油树脂petroleum resources 石油资源petroleum revenue tax 石油所得税petroleum series 石油系列petroleum solvent 石油溶剂petroleum spirit 石油溶剂petroleum sulfonate flood 石油磺酸盐溶液驱油petroleum transport 石油运输petroleum trap 石油圈闭petroleum vapor 石油蒸气petroleum 石油petroleum-associated water 石油伴生水petroleum-in-place 石油地质储量petroleum-like hydrocarbon 类石油烃petrolic 石油的petroligenic natural gas 石油天然气petrolite 石油岩petrolwum tar sand 含石油沥青的岩石或砂petromoney 石油资金petronol 液体石油脂petroporphyrin 石油卟啉；岩卟啉petropower 石油权力petroprotein 石油蛋白PGRT 石油和天然气收益税Phillips Petroleum Company 菲利普斯石油公司physical oil 实物石油PIB 石油情报局posted oil price 石油标价postlithifaction oil 岩化期后石油prelithifaction oil 岩化期前石油PRI 石油开采学会products pipeline operation 石油成品的顺序输送prospective oil 远景石油储量protopetroleum 原生石油PRT 石油收入税pteroleum base 石油基地rationing of petroleumproducts 石油产品定量分配real oil losses 实际石油损耗recoverable oil 可采石油remaining recoverable oil inplace 地下剩余可采石油reservoir oil viscosity 储层石油粘度rock oil 石油royalty oil 政府拥有的石油saponated petroleum 皂化石油search for oil 勘查石油semi-asphaltic flux 半石油沥青Seven Sisters =Seven Majors 石油七姐妹Shell Oil Co. 壳牌石油公司sherwood oil 石油醚single train LPG plant 单套液化石油气装置Sojuznefteexport 苏联石油机关solid petroleum 固态石油SPD 补充石油税SPE 石油工程师学会specifications API 美国石油学会规范SPEE 石油评价工程师学会sponge coke 海绵状石油焦spot oil market 石油现货市场spot sample 个别试样；代表在容器一定水平面上的石油产品质量的试样SPR 石油战略储备SPR 战略石油储备Standard Oil Co. ofCalifornia 加利福尼亚美孚石油公司Standard Oil Company 俄亥俄美孚石油公司sterling oil 英磅石油sticky oil 高粘度石油stone oil 石油storage jug 地下液化石油气储穴strategic oil inventory 石油战略储备strategic oil reserve 石油战略储备stripped oil 脱去汽油的石油sulfur-bearing oil 含硫石油supplementary petroleum duty 补充石油税SUPRI 斯坦福大学石油研究所surplus of oil production 石油生产过剩syngenetic oil 同生石油tail of tender 石油成品管输时的尾部tank volume 储罐容积；油罐中油的体积；换算成标准条件下的石油体积Teikoku Oil Co. Ltd. 帝国石油有限公司Tertiary crudes 第三纪石油theory of inorganic origin 石油无机成因说theory of organic origin 石油有机成因说thinned oil 稀释石油TOTAL 道达尔石油公司trading oil 纸面石油transit revenues from oil 石油过境税trapping of oil 石油圈闭作用travel of oil 石油运移trinascol 稠硫沥青石油uncompensated drainage 无赔偿的石油流失underground liquefiedpetroleum gas storage 地下液化石油气库；液化石油气地下储存unrecovered oil 残留石油vaseline 石油冻；矿脂；凡士林venturaite 富氮石油virgin oil 未开采的石油virgin tank oil 换算成地面条件下的未开采石油warrenite 含石蜡和异构石蜡混合物的气态或液态沥青；石蜡石油wax containing asphalt 含蜡石油沥青wet barrel 实物石油white spirit 石油溶剂WPC 世界石油大会younger oil 初期石油。
石油工程专业英语(汉译英)
UNIT 1The petroleum industry plays a decisive role in the modern industry,and also plays a very important role on the social, economic development.Petroleum includes crude oil and natural gas in a broad sense, but it refers only to crude oil in a narrow sense.In China, the oil industry is divided into upstream (oil exploration, exploitation ,storage and transportation) and downstream (petroleum processing and sales) .While in a foreign country, this industry is divided into upstream sector, midstream sector and downstream sector,oil storage and transportation industry is in the midstream sector.In petroleum exploration, geologist, seismologist, geophysics and geochemists find oil containing structure (TRAP)through rock analysis, seismic exploration and satellite remote sensing method to , and then confirm whether the structure contains the petroleum with industrial exploitation value through the drilling.Once the industrial oil flow appears, the structure can be put into development. In the development of petroleum, Petroleum Engineers (including drilling, oil extraction, oil, transportation engineers) in a variety of modern petroleum exploration technology, as much as possible from underground mining oil.In the early development of the oil reservoirs, can rely on its own energy from the ground.When the formation energy is exhausted, the artificial water flooding, gas injection, pumping and other methods to maintain a certain output, in the mining period, usually use some method of enhanced oil recovery to increase oil production and ultimate recoveryPetroleum processing can be divided into roughing and fine machining.In general, the upstream oil industry coarse processing (such as crude oil dehydration, degassing, and sand, natural gas dehydration and desulfurization), and fine processing of refinery completed by.In refinery, oil is refined into available commodity (such as gasoline, diesel, paraffin, asphalt) and industria l raw materials.UNIT 2Petroleum is hydrocarbon found in underground rock. In general, the oil was formed by biological bodies over millions of years under hypoxic ,high pressure and high temperature conditions. .But someothers think that petroleum was formed by acetylene that came from the hydrolyzed calcium carbide under high temperature, high pressure conditions.The oil migrated to a closed trap from the oil source over a long period of time,which is the reservoir what people mon traps have anticline trap, salt dome trap, coral reef trap and fault trap.three elements are eccensial:the Reservoir that accumulates petroleum,the barriert that prevent petrolum from escaping,the source that foms petroleum.Reservoir fluid including oil, gas, water.If the reservoir pressure is less than the saturation pressure of crude oil, the ma cro due to gravity difference in oil, gas and water: reservoir upper is gas, central is the crude oil, the lower is the water; at the micro level, if the reservoir is water wet, water distribution in the pore surface, oil distribution in pore CentralUNIT 3Oil is a natural mixtures that consists mainly of hydrocarbon.Petroleum includes crude oil and natural gas in a broad sense, but it refers only to crude oil in a narrow sense. Hydrocarbons is the main component of petroleum.According to the chemical composition,oil can be divided into alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbon.According to the relative density,oil can be divided into light and heavy oil.Oil in the hydrocarbon material, there are some non-hydrocarbon, mainly oxygen containing co mpounds (such as acids, esters, ketones, alcohols, phenols and), nitrogen (such as amide, pyridine, indoles and pyrroles etc.), sulphur compounds and non hydrocarbon material (such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen sulfide).Natural gas by methane content is divided into dry gas and moisture.Dry gas is methane content of more than 98% of the natural gas, the moisture is rich in ethane, propane and butane gas.Liquefied petroleum gas mainly containing ethane, propane and butane.Natural gas non hydrocarbon gases are mainly nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.UNIT 4Petroleum and natural gas is stored in the cracks and pores of rock,rather than buried in the underground oil pool or oil river.Whether a petroleum reservoir has the industry value of mining or not depends on its rock properties,that is the reservoir rock must have a certain degree of reservoir and permeability.Porosity is the main parameter of rock reservoir, permeability is the main parameters of rock permeability.The reservoir usually contain oil, gas and water three-phase flow.Description of multiphase fluid flow parameter is relative easy degree of relative permeability.Relative permeability is defined as the effective permeability of a fluid rock absolute perme ability ratio.In reservoir exploitation process, the fluid phase relative permeability with different phases in the reservoir fluid s aturation changes, at the beginning of exploitation, high oil saturation, oil phase relative permeability is bigger, oil is more; in late stage of production, high water saturation, water phase relative permeability is bigger, more water production.Capillary pressure curve can describe the reservoir rock pore size distribution and reservoir rock microscopic inhomogeneity.If the reservoir rock pore distribution, reservoir ultimate recovery rate is higher.UNIT 5Drilling is the important part of petroleum engineering.Oil field exploration period need to make exploration and evaluation well, at the initial stage of development need to well, later need to make encryption by.Drilling equipment used for drilling rig, drilling machine is mainly composed of a power system, rotating system, a lifting s ystem and mud circulating system.The power system comprises a large diesel engine and d iesel generator; rotary system consists of a water faucet, drill pipe, drill, drill pipe and drill plate and other components; lifting system consists of winch, wire rope, pulley components; mud circulating system by a mud pump, vibration sieve, mud, mud, mud tank gas separation system.Well prepared to drilling.Began drilling surface hole, casing and cementing; the next is drilled by a drill drive, Kelly, a d rill rod and a drill bit rotation.Bit cutting rock, while circulating mud cuttings out of the gro und.When the drill to a certain depth, in order to protect the shallow water is not polluted and prevent the formation of collapse, in turn into the surface casing, intermediat e casing, casing, and fixed with cement; finally through the perforation or other open oil well completion method.Install oil tree, test well productivity, finally will be delivered to the oil well production unit.UNIT 6In general, a well has multiple casing strings, in proper sequence, from top to bottom that is the conductor pipe ,surface casing, intermediate casing, production casing.The space between the casing and the formation or among the casings are needed to be fixed with cement.The main function of casing is to fix the wall and prevent it from falling in.The completion operation is needed when the drill bit through the pletion work includes casing, perforation (or other well completion method) and oil testingWell completion method includes open hole completion, perforation completion, wire-wrapped screen pipe completion, tubingless completion and multiple completion.Open hole completion refers only to the top of the reservoir casing, formation open well completion method.The method is applicable to limestone, dolomite reservoir; perforated completion is the most widely used well completion method.Perforating gun for the casing wall, cement sheath and formation open, guide the oil from the oil reservoir into the well, the method is suitable for most sandstone reservoir; for loose sandstone reservoir, can be use d in combination with wire wrapped screen gravel pack completion method, is used to prevent the production of oil Ide Sa.For s mall size hole, can be used without tubing completion.UNIT 7Oil recovery is one of the most important part of petroleum engineering,with its mission is to mining underground crude oil as much as possible.In general, at an early stage of development, the flow of oil can spout out to the surface relying on its own energy.But the reservoir itself energy depletes quickly, oil recovery must rely on artificial lift technology.Artificial lift technology including gas lift, sucker rod pump and a rodless pump method.Gas lift is ground through the compr essor gas pumped downhole, the injected gas lift crude oil from flowing to the ground.Gas lift is suitable for offshore and inclined shaft of oil production.Sucker rod pump lifting (also called pumping unit or "pumps" oil) is the most widely used methods of extractio n, global oil production proportion exceeds 85%.A sucker rod pump for produ ction of single well in s mall, vertical well extraction.Rodless pump includes a hydraulic piston pump, hydraulic jet pump, screw pump and electric submersible pump.Hydraulic piston pump for deep well, horizontal well, well, sand and high wax content well; hydraulic jet pump for deep well with high temperature, sand, corrosive medium and thick oil well adaptability; screw pump for viscous oil recovery; electric submersible pump is suitable for high yield oil wells and offshore oil.UNIT 8In general, from the oil well output is not a single phase fluid, product in the gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase.The gas phase are natural gas, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen; liquid phase oil and water; solid phase of fine sand, silt and asphalt.Therefore, oil production of middle product separation and processing is a very important link.The output of oil wells ground separation is the use of oil, gas, water density, using horizontal or vertical multiphase sepa rator of oil, gas, water separation.After the separation of oil still exist a certain amount of water and sulfur, cannot achieve the refinery crude oil index, so the need for further dewatering and desulfurization process.The use of advanced technology and centrifugal separation technology to treat the demulsification of crude oil can enter the refineries for refining and processing.Preliminary treatment of natural gas needs further processing to enter the commercial gas pipeline.Natural gas containing hydrogen sulphide must first be desulfurization absorption tower, and molecular sieve technology processing of natural gas can reach the required content indicators.In addition to natural gas containing methane, also contains a higher value of ethane, propane, b utane, liquefied petroleum gas.Through the rich gas recovery device to ethane, propane, natural gas is separated from the.Oilfield produced water must be treated to achieve water quality ually in produced water containing high salinity salts.Output after precipitation, filtration, sterilization, demulsification, remove water droplets and solid phase, microorganism, meet the injection water quality after reinjection formation, in order to maintain formation pressure.If the treated water is disc harged directly, must meet strict emission standard of national qualityUNIT 9Well testing is a reservoir engineer understanding of reservoir, to obtain an important means of reservoir parameters.Through the test can determine whether the received damage reservoir, reservoir whether faults exis t or not; identify the fault location; detection of reservoir boundaries; calculation of reservoir parameters such as permeability, flow, flow coefficient, transmission rate.Test classification is more complex, in accordance with the test well types can be divided into oil well and gas well testing; in accordance with the test point position can be divided into the ground and underground well testing well testing; according t o the test object can be classified as temperature, pressure, flow rate test; according to the flowing state of the fluid can be divided into stable and unstable well testing; according to the change of pressure direction can be divided into pressure buildup and pressure fa ll off test. UNIT 10Reservoir development process similar to the one of the ups and downs of life.When the reservoir development to a certain period, oil wells or water injection wells or less there will be some problems, just like human life that occur in a wide variety of diseases.Petroleum Engineer's main task is to as the doctor carry on the analysis and the diagnosis, and proposed solutions to the problem, to maintain the normal production of oil well.Oil well problems surface phenomenon is crude oil production decline, output increased water, sand, stop the pump, injection volume decreased and water pressure drop.Deep time may be due to the reservoir pressure drops, the reservoir inhomogeneity of oil increases, hurt, injection water quality variation of oil wells, mechanical failure, well cement ring, casing, pipe leakage.Petroleum engineer must be integrated multidisciplinary knowledge, using various means of diagnosis technology research and analysis, t o judge the real reason, propose the corresponding solution, so as to solve the problems.UNIT 11Reservoir development and cannot be produced all underground crude oil.Generally speaking, its energy can only be produced by the formation of underground oil 10% the left and right sides, even if the water flooding development can only be produced 30%~50% underground crude oil.That is to say, the reservoir development always are part of crude oil in the ground.The recovery rate is defined as the cumulative oil recovery percentage accounted for the underground crude oil reserves.In the process of oil production, people always try to as far as possible to improve oil recovery.IOR is defined as: in addition to its energy and water injection and formation, gas injection to maintain the reservoir pressure, any method can increase the crude oil recovery method, referred to as ERO.ERO include gas miscible flooding, chemical flooding, heat recovery, flooding and other microorganis ms; generalized ERO also includes infill drilling, horizontal well, fracturing and acidizing, water plugging and profile control.ERO is a comprehensive technology, involve geological, chemical, mechanical, oil, oil reservoir, computer science, need various disciplines, departments jointly, solidarity and cooperation, fully embody the industrial team spirit.UNIT 12Reservoir numerical simulation is an important means of modern reservoir development.A reservoir can only be developed once, and reservoir numerical simulation development can be achieved N "reservoir", that is through the establishment of numerical rese rvoir model, reservoir simulator, a reservoir "development" N.And the optimal development scheme is applied to the actual reservoir, thereby obtaining the highest recovery rate and the maximum economic benefit.Reservoir numerical simulation is based on the establishment of numerical reservoir model.By analyzing the reservoir geological characteristics, the collection of a large number of reservoir static and dynamic data, establish the primary reservoir model, and through the historical fitting, the correction for a more realistic model of reservoir.Reservoir numerical simulation is the key to establish a mathematical model of fluid flow in reservoir.Depending on the mater ial balance principle, the equation of state, heat and mass transfer equations, establish containing multiple pa rameter equations, through the establishment of finite difference mathematical methods in computer on reservoir numerical simulation.The whole process is called reservoir numerical simulator establishment.The present reservoir numerical simulation the main gas reservoir model, black oil model and component model.UNIT 13Oilfield development requires not only technically feasible, also called economically feasible, so the reservoir development program must contain economic evaluation.Economic assessment refers to the resources, engineering, technology and market evaluation based on Calculation of reservoir development, input, output and economic indexes, analyzing the uncertain factors of product ion, optimum scheme is recommended.Economic evaluation is the basic procedure: first collect production data (including drilling, oil recovery, oil reservoir, surface construction engineering data) and country, enterprise economic data (such as tax rate, interest rate, tax of profit of indus try of rate); and then calculating the financial indexes, such as net present value, internal rate of return, return on investment, the investment recovery period; finally the system risk analysis, put forward the optimum development plan.。
石油工程专业英语重点段落翻译
1—1Petroleum1 Petroleum is a substance,usually liquid or gas ,consisting of organic molecules composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms. Thus the general name “hydrocarbons”is often used.The possible variations in the construction of the molecule and mixtures of different molecules to form naturally occurring oil (crude oil) are virtually limitless.No two crude oils are identical. Because these complex mixtures of organic matter are found in rock,they are called “petroleum”,a word derived from the Latin words for rock (petra) and for oil (oleum).石油是由C，H原子组成的有机物物质，通常成气态或者液态。
因此也把石油叫做碳氢化合物。
组成原油的分子结构和不同分子的混合物的变化是无限的。
没有2种原油是相同的。
因为这些复杂的有机物混合物是在岩石中发现的，因此被称为石油，由拉丁文中的岩石和油演化而来。
2 The bed of sedimentary rock in which the petroleum is formed ate called the “source rocks”.They are usually dark gray or black shales,but limestone is a source under some conditions. Shale has an abundance of pore space between the clay particles which can contain liquid ,but the pores are much too tiny to allow the movement of fluids under normal conditions. In other words, shales are not “permeable”.However, the pressure produced by the processes of petroleum generation expels the fluid, and petroleum has to move from the source rock at some stage of development to become economically producible. The event is called“primary migration”.Once departed from the source bed ,the oil or gas will enter any nearby porous and permeable rock ,such as sandstone or limestone.能够形成石油的沉积岩层称为生油岩。
石油与天然气地质专业英语分类词汇表
目录总类。
41.油气地质勘探总论。
72. 含油气盆地构造学。
73. 含油气盆地沉积学。
114. 油气性质。
145. 油气成因。
156. 油气储集层。
217.油气运移。
228.油气聚集。
259.油气地质勘探。
2710.油气地球化学勘探。
2911.地震地层学。
2912.遥感地质。
3213.实验室分析。
3314.油气资源评价。
3415.地质年代。
16补充17岩性，岩石学总类油气地质勘探petroleum and gas geology and exploration石油地球物理petroleum geophysics地球物理测井geophysical well logging石油工程petroleum engineering钻井工程drilling engineering油气田开发与开采oil-gas field development and exploitation石油炼制petroleum processing石油化工petrochemical processing海洋石油技术offshore oil technique油气集输与储运工程oil and gas gathering-transportation and storage engineering 石油钻采机械与设备petroleum drilling and production equipment油田化学oilfield chemistry油气藏hydrocarbon reservoir油藏oil reservoir气藏gas reservoir商业油气藏(又称工业油气藏)commercial hydrocarbon reservoir油气田oil-gas field油田oil field气田gas field大油气田large oil-gas field特大油气田(又称巨型油气田)giant oil-gas field岩石物性physical properties of rock岩石物理学petrophysics野外方法field method野外装备field equipment石油petroleum天然石油natural oil人造石油artificial oil原油crude oil原油性质oil property石蜡基原油paraffin-base crude [oil]环烷基原油(又称沥青基原油)naphthene- base crude [oil]中间基原油(又称混合基原油)intermediate- base crude [oil]芳香基原油aromatic- base crude [oil]含硫原油sulfur-bearing crude,sour crude拔头原油topped crude重质原油heavy crude [oil]含蜡原油waxy crude [oil]合成原油synthetic crude凝析油condensate,condensed oil原油分析crude oil analysis,crude assay原油评价crude oil evaluation石油颜色oil colour石油密度oil densityAPI度API degree波美度Baumé degree沥青bitumen, asphalt沥青质asphaltene胶质gum熔点melting point倾点pour point凝点freezing point闪点flash point燃点fire point浊点cloud point液化天然气liquified natural gas,LNG天然气natural gas湿气wet gas干气dry gas酸气sour gas净气(又称甜气)sweet gas伴生气associated gas天然气绝对湿度absolute humidity of natural gas 天然气相对湿度relative humidity of natural gas 天然气密度natural gas density天然气溶解度natural gas solubility天然气发热量calorific capacity of natural gas天然气（燃烧）热值heating value of natural gas 凝析气condensate gas烃hydrocarbon轻烃light hydrocarbon烷烃paraffin hydrocarbon, alkane烯烃olefin,alkene环烷烃naphthenic hydrocarbon芳香烃aromatic hydrocarbon,arene含氧化合物oxygen compound含氮化合物nitrogen compound含硫化合物sulfur compound天然气液natural gas liquid,NGL液化石油气liquified petroleum gas,LPG临界点critical point临界状态critical state临界体积critical volume临界温度critical temperature临界压力critical pressure临界凝析温度cri condentherm临界凝析压力cricondenbar露点dew point露点曲线dew point curve烃露点hydrocarbon dew point平衡露点equilibrium dew point泡点bubble point泡点曲线bubble point curve油气系统相图phase diagram of oil-gas system逆蒸发retrograde evaporation反凝析retrograde condensation饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure湍流turbulent flow层流laminar flow牛顿流体Newtonian fluid非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid塑性流体plastic fluid假塑性流体pseudoplastic fluid幂率流体power law fluid剪切率shear rate屈服值yield value动力粘度dynamic viscoisity绝对粘度absolute viscosity相对粘度relative viscosity视密度observent density双电层(又称偶电层)electrostatic double layer水合作用(又称水化作用)hydration生物降解(作用)biodegradation1.油气地质勘探总论石油天然气地质学geology of oil and gas石油地质学petroleum geology天然气地质学geology of natural gas石油地球化学petroleum geochemistry储层地质学reservoir geology油气田地质学geology of oil and gas field油气田水文地质学hydrogeology of oil and gas field 应用地球物理学applied geophysics油气田勘探exploration of oil and gas地质勘探geological exploration地球物理勘探geophysical exploration地球化学勘探geochemical exploration海上油气勘探offshore petroleum exploration地热勘探geothermal exploration数学地质(学)mathematical geology遥感地质remote-sensing geology实验室分析laboratory analysis油气资源预测assessment of petroleum resources 2. 含油气盆地构造学构造地质学structural geology大地构造学geotectonics板块构造学plate tectonics地球动力学geodynamics地质力学geomechanics构造structure构造作用tectonism地壳运动crustal movement水平运动horizontal movement垂直运动vertical movemen造山运动orogeny造陆运动epeirogeny构造模式structural model构造样式(又称构造风格)structural style 构造类型tectonic type构造格架tectonic framework应力型式stress pattern压(缩)应力compressive stress张应力tensile stress剪应力shear stress挤压作用compression拉张作用extension压扭作用(又称压剪)transpression张扭作用(又称张剪)transtension左旋sinistral rotation,left lateral右旋dextral rotation,right lateral地幔隆起mantal bulge地幔柱mantal plume结晶基地crytalline basement沉积盖层sedimentary cover构造旋回tectonic cycle构造单元tectonic unit地槽geosyncline地台(曾用名陆台)platform克拉通craton准地槽parageosyncline准地台paraplatform地盾shield地块massif地向斜geosyncline地背斜geoanticline台向斜platform syneclise台背斜platform anticlise隆起uplift坳陷（二级构造单元）depression凸起swell,convex凹陷（三级构造单元）sag,concave长垣placanticline褶皱fold斜坡slope阶地terrace构造鼻strctural nose穹窿dome滚动背斜rollover anticline牵引皱褶drag fold披覆褶皱(又称披盖褶皱)drape fold底辟构造(又称刺穿构造)diapiric structure盐丘salt dome刺穿盐丘salt diapir盐构造作用halokinesis断层fault断层生长指数fault growth index同生断层contemporaneous fault,synsedimentary fault,growth fault 正断层normal fault逆断层reverse fault冲断层thrust上冲断层(逆掩断层)overthrust下冲断层underthrust上冲席overthrust sheet走滑断层strike-slip fault转换断层transform fault倾向滑动断层dip-slip fault地堑graben地垒horst半地堑(又称箕状凹陷)half-graben推覆体nappe整合conformity不整合unconformity假整合disconformity块断作用block faulting重力滑动作用gravitational sliding地裂运动taphrogeny板块运动plate movementA型俯冲A-subductionB型俯冲B-subduction俯冲subduction仰冲obduction板块边界plate boundary离散边界divergent boundary会聚边界convergent boundary转换边界trnsform boundary大陆边缘continental margin活动大陆边缘active continental margin被动大陆边缘passive continental margin大陆漂移continental drift板块碰撞plate collision大陆增生continental accretion沟弧盆系trench-arc-basin system弧前盆地fore-arc basin弧后盆地back-arc basin,retroarc basin弧间盆地interarc basin边缘海盆地marginal sea basin坳拉槽盆地aulacogen斜坡盆地slope basin大陆边缘断陷盆地continent-marginal faulted basin 大陆边缘三角洲盆地continental-marginal delta basin 裂谷盆地rift basin内克拉通盆地intracratonic basin周缘前陆盆地peripheral foreland basin弧后前陆盆地retroarc foreland basin破裂前陆盆地broken foreland basin山前坳陷盆地piedmont depression basin复合型盆地composite basin山间盆地intermontaine basin残留大洋盆地remnant ocean basin原始大洋裂谷盆地protoceanic rift basin新生大洋盆地nascent ocean basin深海平原盆地dep-sea plain basin扭张盆地transtensional basin扭压盆地transpressional basin拉分盆地pull-apart basin洋壳型盆地ocean-crust type basin过渡壳型盆地transition-crust type basin陆壳型盆地continental-crust basin多旋回盆地polycyclic basin块断盆地block fault basin地堑盆地graben basin含油气大区petroliferous province含油气盆地petroliferous basin含油气区petroliferous region油气聚集带petroleum accumulation zone盆地分析basin analysis盆地数值模拟basin numerical simulation3. 含油气盆地沉积学沉积学sedimentology沉积物sediment沉积岩sedimentary rock沉积作用sedimentation,deposition沉积分异作用sedimentary differentiation沉积旋回sedimentary cycle,depositional-cycle同生作用syngenesis成岩作用diagenesis成岩阶段diagenetic stage后生作用(又称晚期成岩作用)epigenesist,catagenesis变生作用(曾用名深变作用)metagenesis碎屑岩clastic rock,detrital rock砂岩sandstone粉砂岩siltstone砾岩conglomerate角砾岩breccia火山碎屑岩pyroclastic rock,volcanoclastic rock碳酸盐岩carbonate rock石灰岩limestone白云岩dolomite,dolostone泥灰岩marl粘土岩claystone泥质岩argillite泥岩mudstone页岩shale蒸发岩evaporite盐岩salt rock可燃有机岩caustobiolith沉积中心depocenter沉降中心subsiding center岩相古地理lithofacies palaeogeography沉积环境sedimentary enviroment沉积体系sedimentary system,depositional system沉积相sedimentary facies岩相lithofacies生物相biofacies地球化学相geochemical facies相标志facies marker相模式facies model相分析facies analysis山麓洪积相piedmont pluvial facies碎屑流沉积debris flow deposit泥石流沉积mud-debris flow deposit冲积扇相alluvial fan facies河流相fluvial facies辩状河沉积braided stream deposit曲流河沉积meandering stream deposit网状河沉积anastomosed stream deposit河床滞留沉积channel-lag deposit凸岸坝沉积(又称“点砂坝沉积”、“边滩沉积”)poit bar deposit 心滩沉积mid-channel bar deposit天然堤沉积natural levee deposit决口扇沉积crevasse-splay deposit废弃河道沉积abandoned channel deposit牛轭湖沉积oxbow lake deposit河漫滩沉积(又称洪泛平原沉积)flood-plain deposit 侧向加积lateral accretion垂向加积vertical accretion湖泊相lacustrine facies盐湖相salt-lake facies冰川相glacial facies沙漠相desert facies风成沉积eolian deposit海相marine facies深海相abyssal facies半深海相bathyal facies浅海相neritic facies浅海陆架相neritic shelf facies滨海相littoral facies陆相nonmarine facies,continental facies海岸沙丘coastal dune内陆沙丘interior dune沙漠沙丘desert dune正常浪基面(又称正常浪底)normal wave base风暴浪基面(又称风暴浪底)storm wave base过渡相transition facies三角洲相delta facies扇三角洲相fan-delta facies三角洲平原delta plain,deltaic plain三角洲前缘delta front,deltaic front前三角洲prodelta建设性三角洲constructive delta破坏性三角洲destructive delta河口沙坝river mouth bar远沙坝distal bar指状沙坝finger bar三角洲前缘席状砂delta front sheet sand分流间湾沉积interdistributary bay deposit河口湾沉积estuary deposit澙湖相(又称泻湖相)lagoon facies蒸发岩相evaporite facies潮滩(又称潮坪)tidal flat潮汐通道tidal channel潮汐三角洲todal delta潮上带supratidal zone潮间带intertidal zone潮下带subtidal zone塞卜哈环境Sabkha enviroment浅滩(又称沙洲)shoal海滩beach湖滩beach岸堤bank障壁岛barrier island浊流turbidity current浊积岩turbidite浊积岩相turbidite facies湖底扇sublacustrine fan海底扇submarine fan鲍马序列Bouma sequence碳酸盐台地carbonate platform局限海restricted sea广海(又称开阔海)open sea陆表海epicontinental sea,epeiric sea陆缘海pericontinental sea边缘海margin sea盆地相basin facies深海平原abyssal plain广海陆架相open sea shelf facies台地前缘斜坡相platform foreslope facies生物丘相biohermal facies生物礁相organic reef facies台地边缘浅滩相shoal facies of platform margin 4. 油气性质石油荧光性oil fluorescence石油旋光性oil rotary polarization石油灰分oilash钒-镍比vanadium to nickel ratio,V/Ni游离气free gas溶解气dissolved gas沼气marsh gas泥火山气mud volcano gas惰性气inert gas固体沥青solid bitumen基尔沥青kir高氮沥青algarite地沥青maltha石沥青asphalt硬沥青gilsonite脆沥青grahamite焦性沥青impsonite次石墨graphitoid,schungite地沥青化作用asphaltization碳青质(又称卡宾)carbene高碳青质carboid总烃total hydrocarbon岩屑气cutting gas吸附烃adsorbed hydrocarbon溶解烃dissolved hydrocarbon游离沥青free bitumen束缚沥青fixed bitumen抽提沥青extractable bitumen氯仿沥青chloform bitumen酒精-苯沥青alcohol-benzene bitumen甲醇-丙酮-苯抽提物(简称MAB抽提物)methanol-acetone-benzene extract 分散沥青dispersed bitumen荧光沥青fluorescent bitumen5. 油气成因无机成因论inorganic origin theory碳化物论carbide theory宇宙论universal theory岩浆论magmatic theory(石油)高温成因论pyrogenetic theory蛇纹石化生油论serpontinization theory有机成因论organic origin theory动物论animal theory植物论plant theory动植物混合论animal-plant theory干酪根降解论kerogen degragation theory分散有机质dispersed organic matter前身物precursor腐泥质sapropelic substance腐泥化作用saprofication腐殖质humic substance腐殖酸humic acid腐殖化作用humification干酪根(曾用名油母质、油母)kerogen腐泥型干酪根(又称Ⅰ型干酪根)sapropel-type kerogen, Ⅰ-type kerogen 混合型干酪根(又称Ⅱ型干酪根)mixed-type kerogen, Ⅱ-type kerogen腐殖型干酪根(又称Ⅲ型干酪根)humic-type kerogen, Ⅲ-type kerogen显微组分(曾用名煤素质)maceral壳质组(又称稳定组)exinite,liptinite孢子体sporinite角质体cutinite藻类体alginite树脂体resinite镜质体vitrinite结构镜质体telinite无结构镜质体collinite惰质体inertinite微粒体micrinite菌类体sclerotinite丝质体fusinite半丝质体semifusinite无定形amorphous草质herbaceous木质woody煤质coaly还原环境reducing environment铁还原系数reduced coefficient oh ferrite还原硫reduced sulfur自生矿物authigenic mineral黄铁矿pyrite菱铁矿siderite赤铁矿hematite有机质演化organic matter evolution有机质成岩作用organic matter diagenesis有机质后生作用(曾用名有机质退化作用)organic matter catagenesis 有机质变生作用organic matter metagenesis有机质变质作用organic matter metamorphism生物化学降解作用biochemical degragation碳化作用carbonization生物化学生气阶段biochemical gas-genous stage热催化生油气阶段thermo-catalytic oil-gas-geneous stage热裂解生凝析气阶段thermo-cracking condensate-geneous stage深部高温生气阶段deep pyrometric gas-geneous stage未成熟期immature phase成熟期mature phase过熟期postmature phase生油门限threshold of oil generation液态窗(又称主要生油期)liquid window死亡线death line海相生油marine origin陆相生油nonmarine origin二次生油secondary generation of oil烃源岩(曾用名生油气岩)source bed油源岩(曾用名生油层)oil source bed气源层(曾用名生气层)gas source bed油源层系(曾用名生油层系)oil source bed有效烃源层effective source bed潜在烃源层potential source bed油页岩oil shale生油指标source rock index有机质丰度organic matter abundance有机碳organic carbon耗氧量oxygen consumption成熟作用maturation有机质成熟度organic matter maturity有机变质程度level of organic metamorphism,LOM时间-温度指数time-temperature index,TTI镜质组反射率(符号Ro) vitrinite reflectance定碳比carbon ratio孢粉颜色指数sporopollen color index热变指数thermal alteration index,TAI牙形石色变指数conodont alteration index,CAI碳优势指数carbon preference index,CPI奇偶优势odd-even predominance,OEP正环烃成熟指数normal paraffin maturity index,NPMI环烷烃指数naphthene index,NI芳香烃结构分布指数aromatic structural index,ASI自由基浓度number of free radical电子自旋共振信号electron spin resonance signal,ESR signal 顺磁磁化率paramagnetic susceptibility自旋密度spin density转化率transformation ratio,hydrocarbon-generating ratio沥青系数bitumen coefficient生油率oil-generating ratio生气率gas-generating ratio生油量oil-generating quantity生油潜量potential oil-generating quantity氢碳原子比hydrogen to carbon atomic ratio,H/C氧碳原子比oxygen to carbon ratio,O/C源岩评价仪Rock-Eval氢指数hydrogen index,HI氧指数oxygen index,OI油源对比oil and resource rock correlation气源对比gas and resource rock correlation地球化学化石geochemical fossil指纹化合物fingerprint compound生物标志[化合]物biomarker,biological marker生物构型biological configuration地质构型geological configuration立体异沟化stereoisomerism立体异构体stereoisomer,stereomer甾类steroid甾烷sterane降甾烷norsterane胆甾烷cholestane谷甾烷sitstane豆甾烷stigmastane粪甾烷coprostane麦角甾烷ergostane正常甾烷(规则甾烷)regular sterane重排甾烷rearranged sterane孕甾烷pregnane萜类(又称萜族化合物)terpenoid萜烷terpane三环萜烷tricyclic terpane四环萜烷tetracyclic terpane五环三萜烷pentacyclic triterpane藿烷hopane降藿烷norhopane羽扇烷lupane莫烷moretane降莫烷normoretaneλ蜡烷gammacerane奥利烷oleanane乌散烷ulsane松香烷abietane杜松烷cadinane雪松烷cedarane补身烷drimane海松烷pimarane罗汉松烷podocarpane角鲨烷squalane甾烷—藿烷比steraneto hopane ratio倍半萜sesquiterpene二萜diterpene三萜triterpene多萜polyterpene胡萝卜烷carotane类胡萝卜素carotenoid类异戊二烯isoprenoid类异戊二烯烃isoprenoid hydrocarbon殖烷phytane姥鲛烷pristane姥值比pristane to phytane ratio,Pr/Ph降姥鲛烷norpristane法呢烷farnesane卟啉porphyrin天然气成因类型genetic types of natural gas无机成因气inorganic genetic gas, abiogenetic gas 火山气valcanic gas深源气deep source gas幔源气mantle source gas岩浆岩气magmatic rock gas变质岩气metamorphic rock gas宇宙气universal gas无机盐类分解气decomposition gas of inorganic salt 有机成因气organic genetic gas腐泥型天然气sapropel-type natural gas腐殖型天然气humic-type natural gas腐殖煤型天然气humolith-type natural gas生物气biogenic gas,bacterial gas油型气petroliferous gas煤型气coaliferous gas煤成气coal-genetic gas煤系气coal-measure gas煤层气coal seam gas腐泥型裂解气sapropel-type cracking gas腐殖型裂解气humic-type cracking gas非常规气unconventional gas地热气geothermal gas饱气带aeration zone异丁烷—正丁烷比isobutane to normal butane ratio 正庚烷normal heptane甲基环己烷methylcyclohexane二甲基环戊烷dimethyl cyclopentane庚烷值heptane value甲烷系数methane coefficient干燥系数drying coefficient碳同位素carbon isotope氢同位素hydrogen isotope氧同位素oxygen isotope氦同位素比率helium isotope ratio氩同位素比率argon isotope ratio6. 油气储集层储集岩reservoir rock储集层reservoir bed含油层oil-bearing horizon含油层系oil-bearing sequence碎屑岩类储集层clastic reservoir碳酸盐岩类储集层carbonate reservoir结晶岩类储集层crystalline reservoir泥质岩类储集层argillaceous reservoir孔隙型储集层porous-type reservoir裂隙型储集层fractured reservoir储层连续性reservoir continuity储层非均质性reservoir heterogeneity胶结作用cementation胶结类型cementation type基底胶结basal cement孔隙胶结porous cement接触胶结contact cement杂乱胶结chaotic cement溶解作用dissolution压溶作用pressolution交代作用replacement，metasomatism白云石化作用dolomitization去白云石化作用dedolomitization储集空间reservoir space原生孔隙primary pore次生孔隙secondary pore粒间孔隙inter granular pore粒内孔隙intragranular pore生物骨架孔隙bio skeleton pore生物钻孔孔隙bio boring pore鸟眼孔隙bird’s-eye pore晶间孔隙intercrystalline pore溶孔dissolved pore粒内溶孔intragranular dissolved pore粒间溶孔intergranular dissolved pore印模孔隙(曾用名溶模孔隙)moldic pore溶洞dissolved carvern溶缝dissolved fracture裂缝fracture,fissure构造裂缝structural fracture成岩裂缝diagenetic fracture压溶裂缝pressolutional fracture缝合线stylolite储层性质reservoir property超毛细管空隙super-capillary interstice毛细管空隙capillary interstice微毛细管空隙micro-capillary interstice孔隙度porosity总孔隙度(又称绝对孔隙度)total porosity有效孔隙度effective porosity裂缝密度fracture density裂缝系数fracture coefficient裂缝强度指数fracture intensity index,FII渗透率permeability达西定律Darcy law孔隙pore喉道throat盖层caprock夹层intercalated bed隔层barrier bed,impervious bed压汞资料intrusive mercury data排替压力displacement pressure突破压力breakthrough pressure突破时间breakthrough time生储盖组合source-reservoir-caprock assemblage,SRCA旋回式生储盖组合cyclic SRCA侧变式生储盖组合lateral changed SRCA同生式生储盖组合(又称自生自储式生储盖组合)syngenetic SRCA 7.油气运移初始运移initial migration层内运移internal migration排驱作用expulsion初次运移primary migration二次运移secondary migration侧向运移lateral migration垂向运移vertical migration区域运移regional migration局部运移local migration同期运移synchronous migration后期运移postchronous migration运移方向migration direction运移通道migration pathway运移距离migration distance运移时期migration period输导层carrier bed水相water phase烃相hydrocarbon phase固相solid phase油珠oil droplet连续油相oil-continuous phase气泡gas bubble气相gas phase排烃临界值(又称油气临界释放因子)expulsion threshold value of hydrocarbon,critical release factor of oil and gas 排烃效率expulsion efficient of hydrocarbon有效排烃厚度effective thickness of expulsion hydrocarbon压实[作用]compaction初期压实阶段initial compaction stage稳定压实阶段steady compaction stage突变压实阶段saltatory compaction stage紧密压实阶段close compaction stage欠压实页岩undercompaction shale水热增压作用aquathermal pressuring渗析作用(曾用名渗透作用)osmosis粘土脱水作用clay dehydration结晶水crystalline water层间水interlayer water吸附水adsorbed water结构水textural water甲烷增生作用methane accreting, methane generating地层压力formation pressure上覆岩层压力overburden pressure岩石压力rock pressure孔隙流体压力(又称孔隙压力)pore fluid pressure地静压力geostatic pressure静水压力hydrostatic pressure动水压力(又称水动力)hydrodynamic pressure折算压力reduced pressure总水头(又称水势)total head承压水头pressure head,confined head高程水头elevation head压力系数pressure coefficient供水区recharge area承压区confined area泄水区discharge area含水层aquifer不透水层aquifuge自流水artesian water承压水confined water土壤水soil water潜水phreatic water测压面piezometric surface测势面potentiometric surface静液面static liquid level动液面dynamic liquid level潜水面phreatic water table水力梯度hydraulic gradient势分析potential analysis气势分忻gas potential analysis油势分析oil potential analysis水势分析(又称总水斗分析)water potential analysis 等势面isopotential surface等压面iaopressure surface构造作用力tectonic force浮力buoyancy扩散diffusion异常高压(又称高压)abnormal pressure,overpressure 异常低压subnormal pressure,subpressure地压geopressure地热geotherm,terrestrial heat地热田geothermal field, terrestrial heat field岩石热导率thermal conductivity of rock大地热流值terrestrial heat flow value地热梯度(又称地温梯度)geothermal gradient地热增温级geothermal degree8.油气聚集圈闭trap有效圈闭effective trap隐蔽圈闭subtle trap成岩圈闭diagenetic trap水动力圈闭hydrodynamic trap压力封闭pressure seal重力分异gravitational differentiation差异聚集differential accumulation背斜理论anticline theory集油面积collecting area储油构造(又称含油构造)oil-bearing structure储气构造gas-bearing structure原生油气藏primary hydrocarbon reservoir次生油气藏secondary hydrocarbon reservoir构造油气藏structural hydrocarbon reservoir背斜油气藏anticlinal hydrocarbon reservoir挤压背斜油气藏squeezed anticline hydrocarbon reservoir长垣背斜油气藏placanticline anticline hydrocarbon reservoir底辟背斜油气藏diapir anticline hydrocarbon reservoir滚动背斜油气藏rollover anticline hydrocarbon reservoir披盖背斜油气藏drape anticline hydrocarbon reservoir向斜油气藏synclinal hydrocarbon reservoir断层遮挡油气藏fault-screened hydrocarbon reservoir断块油气藏fault block hydrocarbon reservoir裂缝油气藏fractured hydrocarbon reservoir盐丘遮挡油气藏salt diapir hydrocarbon reservoir泥火山遮挡油气藏mud volcano screened hydrocarbon reservoir岩浆柱遮挡油气藏magmatic plug hydrocarbon reservoir地层油气藏stratigraphic hydrocarbon reservoir地层超覆油气藏stratigraphic onlap hydrocarbon reservoir地层不整合油气藏stratigraphic unconformity hydrocarbon reservoir潜山油气藏buried hill hydrocarbon reservoir基岩油气藏basement hydrocarbon reservoir生物礁块油气藏reef hydrocarbon reservoir,bioherm hydrocarbon reservoir 岩性油气藏lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir岩性尖灭油气藏lithologic pinchout hydrocarbon reservoir岩性透镜体油气藏lithologic lenticular hydrocarbon reservoir古河道油气藏palaeochannel hydrocarbon reservoir古海岸沙洲油气藏palaeooffshore bar hydrocarbon reservoir带状油气藏banded hydrocarbon reservoir层状油气藏stratified stratified hydrocarbon reservoir块状油气藏massive hydrocarbon reservoir不规则状油气藏irregular hydrocarbon reservoir喀斯持油气藏karst hydrocarbon reservoir沥青塞封闭油藏asphalt-sealed oil reservoir饱和油气藏saturated hydrocarbon reservoir凝析气藏condensate gas reservoir背料油气藏参数parameter of anticlinal reservoir圈闭容积trap volume闭合面积closure area闭合度closure溢山点spill point油气藏高度height of hydrocarbon pool, height of hydrocarbon reservoir油柱高度oil column height气柱高度gas column height气顶gas cap边水edge water底水bottom water有效厚度net-pay thickness含油面积oil-bearing area含气面积gas-bearing area纯油带面积area of inner-boundary of oil zone油水过渡带面积area of transitional zone from oil to water含油边界oil boundary含气边界gas boundary含水边界water boundary油水界面water-oil boundary油气界面oil-gas boundary油藏描述reservoir description油藏评价reservoir evaluation,pool evaluation9.油气地质勘探区域勘探regional exploration工业勘探industrial exploration预探priliminary prospecting详探detailed prospecting地质测量geological survey构造地质测量structural geological survey地质剖面geological section构造剖面structural section区域综合大剖面regional comprehensive section,regional composite cross section 区域地层对比regional stratigraphic correlation岩性对比lithological correlation古生物对比palaeontological correlation沉积旋回对比sedimentary cycle correlation重砂矿物对比placer mineral correlation元素对比element correlation古地磁对比paleomagnetic correlation露头outcrop油气显示indication of oil and gas, oil and gas show油气苗oil and gas seepage油苗oil seepage气苗gas seepage沥青苗asphalt seepage沥青湖pitch lake沥青丘pitch mound沥青脉bituminous vein沥青砂(曾用名重油砂、焦油砂)tar sand油砂oil sand泥火山mud volcano地质模型geological model地质模拟geological modelling地下地质subsurface geology取心井coring hole参数井(曾用名基准井)parameter well探井prospecting well,exploratory well预探井(曾用名野猫井)preliminary prospecting well,wildcat发现井discovery well详探井detailed prospecting well探边井delineation well,extension well评价井assessment well,appraisal well,evaluation well开发井development well生产井producing well,producer注水井water injection well, injector注气井gas injection well布井系统well pattern单井设计well design井身结构casing programme固井cementing试井well testing试油testing for oil试采production testing标准层marker bed, key bed, datum bed目的层target stratum地质录井geological logging岩心灵并core logging岩屑录并cutting logging岩屑滞后时间lag time of cutting钻时录井drilling-time logging钻速录井drilling rate logging泥浆录井mud logging荧光录井fluorescent logging井斜平面图drill-hole inclination plan地层对比stratigraphic correlation含油级别oil-bearing grade完井方案completion programme圈闭发现率trap discovery ratio商业油气流commercial oil and gas flow油藏驱动机理(又称油层驱动机理)reservoir drive mechanism 单井产量well production rate年产量annual output, annual yield圈闭勘探成功率trap exploration success ratio储量增长率reserves increase ratio勘探效率exploration efficiency勘探成本exploration cost探井成本cost of prospecting well10.油气地球化学勘探△碳法delta-carbon methodK—V指纹法K-V fingerprint technique吸附烃法absorbed hydrocarbon method气体测量gas survey沥青测量bitumen survey水化学测量hydrochemical survey水文地球化学测量hydrogeochemical survey细菌勘探bacteria prospecting土壤盐测量soil salt suevey地殖物法geobotanical method放射性测量radioactive survey氧化还原电位法oxidation-reduction potential method 11.地震地层学区域地震地层学regional seismic stratigraphy储层地震地层学reservoir seismic stratigraphy层序地层学sequence stratigraphy成因层序地层学genetic sequence stratigraphy年代地层学chronostratigraphy生物地层学biostratigraphy磁性地层学magnetostratigraphy地震岩性学seismic lithology横向预测lateral prediction确定性储层模拟deterministic reservoir modeling随机性储层模拟stochastic reservoir modeling地质统计储层模拟geostatiscal reservoir modeling人机[交互]联作解释interactive interpretation反射终端(又称反射终止)reflection termination整一concordance不整一uncorncordance上超onlap退覆offlap顶超toplap浅水顶超shallow-water toplap深水顶超deep-water toplap湖岸上超coastal onlap深水上超deep-water onlap下超downlap底超baselap削截(曾用名削蚀)truncation视削截(曾用名视削蚀)apparent truncation沉积间断hiatus超层序supersequence层序sequence亚层序subsequence最大洪水界面maximum flooding surface缓慢沉积剖面(又称饥饿剖面)condensed section高水位期highstand period低水伦期lowstand period体系域system tract低水位体系域low system tract,LST海进体系域transgressive system tract,TST高水位体系城high system tract,HST陆架边缘体系域shelf margin system tract,SMST盆底扇basin floor fan斜坡扇slope fan滑塌块体slump block滑塌扇slump fan楔状前积体wedge-prograding complex地震层序seismic sequence地震相seismic facies反射结构reflection configuration前积反射结构progradational reflection configurations形前积结构sigmoid progradation configuration斜交前积结构oblique progradation configuration叠瓦状前积结构shingled progradation configuration帚状前积结构brush progradation configuration杂乱前积结构chaotic progradation configuration前积—退积结构progradation-retrogradation configuration 非前积反射结构nonprogradational reflection configuration 平行结构parallel configuration亚平行结构subparrallel configuration乱岗状结构hummocky configuration波状结构wave configuration扭曲形结构contorted configuration断开结构disrupted configuration发散结构divergent configuration杂乱结构chaotic configuration无反射结构reflection-free configuration反射外形reflection external form席状相sheet facies席状披盖相sheet drape facies楔状相wedged facies丘状相mounded facies滩状相bank facies透镜状相lens facies滑塌相slump facies火山丘相valcanic mound facies充填相filled facies反射连续性reflection continuity振幅amplitude频率frequence极性polarity岩性指数lithologic index砂岩百分含量sandstone percent content偏砂相sand-prone facies偏泥相shale-prone facies地震相单元seismic facies unit地震相分析seismic facies analysis地震相图seismic facies map测井相log facies岩心相core facies钻井—地震相剖面图drill-seismicfacies section沉积环境图depositional environment map成因地层单位genetic stratigraphic unit年代地层单位chrono stratigraphic unit岩电地层单位litho-electric stratigraphic unit等时性isochronism穿时性diachronism远景地区prospect分辨率resolution保持振幅处理preserved amplitude processing地震模型seismic model反演模拟inverse modeling相位phase零相位zero phase薄层thin bed调谐厚度tuning thickness反射强度reflection strength相对速度relative velocity绝对速度absolute velocity油气检测hydrocarbon detection声阻抗差acoustic impedance difference振幅随炮检距变化amplitude versus offset,AVO12.遥感地质地理遥感geographical remote sensing航空遥感aerial remote sensing地球资源技术卫星earth resources technology satellite,ERTS地质卫星geologic satellite海洋卫星Seasat陆地卫星Landsat高级地球资源观测系统Advanced Earth Resources Observation System,AEROS 红外摄影infrared photograph多谱段扫描系统multispectral scanner system多谱段图象multispectral image黑白图象monochrome彩色合成图象color-composite image,color imagery波谱分析spectral analysis地面分辨率ground resolution灰度gray scale几何校正geometric correction波段比值图象band ratio image高分辨率图象high resolution image目标自动识别automatic target recognition地图投影转换map projection transformation矢量化vectorization光栅—矢量转换raster-to vector conversion视觉三色原理trichromatic theory of vision目视判读visual interpretation动态图象分析dynamic image analysis直接解释标志mark of direct interpretation。
石油工程专外词汇
一英译汉1．Petroleum Industry 石油工业2.oil seeps 油苗3.natural gas 天然气4.hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物5.methane 甲烷6.petroleum jelly 石油膏7.kerosene 煤油8.paraffin 石蜡9 bitumen 沥青10.gum bed 地蜡11.cable tool drilling 顿钻钻井12.driller 钻孔机(钻床,钻探工)13christmas tree 采油树14.crown bloc 天车15rotary table 转盘16heterogeneous reservoir 非均质储集层17 recoverable reserve 可采储量18heavy oil 重油19seismic interpretation 地震解释20 capillary action 毛细作用21 damage zone 污染带22 compressibility 压缩的可能性,压缩性,压缩率23 overburden 地层表土24connate water 原生水25oil formation volume factor 原油地层体积系数26 phase diagram 相图27core samples 岩心样品28development well 开发井29geothermal gradient 地温梯度30 lost circulation 漏失31 derrick 动臂起重机32 drilling line 钻井用钢丝绳33 cavings 塌坍的落石34 shale shaker 泥浆振动筛35 casing head 套管头36 kill line 压井管线37 cement slurry 水泥浆38 compressive strength 抗压强度39 sonic bond log 声波测井40 pay bond log41 payzone 产油气带42 wait on cement 候水泥凝固43 annular space 环形空间44 casing hanger 套管挂45 surface casing 表层套管46 gel strength 凝胶强度47 gusher 自喷井48 slotted liner 割缝衬管49 sloughing 坍塌性的；崩落50 abnormal pressure 异常压力51 workover 修理52remedial work 修井作业53 bringing in54 choke 节流器55 killing the well （killing well 压井）56 nogo nipple 不过端短节57 blast joint 耐磨接头58 ressure buildup test 压力恢复试井59 flow efficiency 完善系数60 gas-liquid ratio 气液比61 gas cap 气顶62resercoir drive mechanism油藏驱动机理63 stripper well 低产井64 intermediate casing 中间套管65 gravity segregation 重力分异66 penetration rate 进尺速度67drill collar 钻铤68 kick 井涌69 swivel 旋转接头70 blowoat preventers 防喷器71 aquifer 含水层72 salinity 矿化度73pressure drawdown 压降74 intermittent gaslift 间歇气举75 shut-in well pressure 关井压力76 compression coefficient 压缩系数77 transient flow 瞬变流动78 surface unit 地下单位79gear reducer 齿轮减速器80 subsurface pump 井下泵81 sucker rod 抽油杆82 polished rod 光杆83 stuffing box 填料盒84 stroke length 冲程85 combustion engines 内燃机86skin effect 表皮效应87formation volume factor 地层体积系数88 absolute open flow potential 绝对敞喷流量89 drainage radius 泄油半径90 prime mover 原动机91 crank 曲柄92 torque rating 扭矩测定；扭矩值93 kill fluid 压井液94 landing nipple 坐放短节95 sand control 含砂量控制96 peak load 峰值负载97 power fluid 传动液98 subsurface pump 井下泵99 overload protection 过载保护100 compatibility 兼容性101 organic acid 有机酸102 offset well 补偿井103 gravity drainage 重力泄油104 wettability 湿润性105 interfacial tension 界面张力106 huff and puff 蒸汽吞吐107 pitman 联接杆108 junction box 接线匣109 put back on production 恢复生产110 fracture pressure 破裂压力111 matrix acidizing 基岩酸化112 pad fluid 前置液；缓冲液113 proppant 支撑剂114 massive hydraulic fracturing 大型水力压裂115 volumetric sweep efficiency 体积波及效率116 breakthrough 突破；穿透117 residual oil saturation 残余油饱和度118 displacement efficiency 置换效率；驱替效率；洗油效率119 fractional flow 分相流动；分流量120 well deliverability equation 油井产能方程121 net thickness 有效厚度122 multipay reservoir 多油层油田123 casing-tubing configuration 套管组合124 hreaded coupling 螺纹接口125 switchboard 配电盘126 natural fissure 天然裂缝127 preflush fluid 前置液；冲洗液129 unswept zone 未波及区130.fault 断层二汉译英1. 原油crude oil2. 天然气natural gas3. 方钻杆Kelly4. 钻杆drillpipe5. 泥浆泵mud pump6. 转盘rotary table7. 封隔器packer8. 旋转钻井rotary drilling9. 固井cementing10. 裸眼完井openhole completion11. 井口well head12. 扶正器centralizer13. 三次采油tertiary recovery14. 射孔perforating15. 油管tubing16. 油井流入动态inflow performance relationship17. 井底流压bottom hole flowing pressure18. 采油指数productivity index19. 增产增住措施stimulation20. 近井地带near-well bore region21. 含水率water cut22. 最终采收率ultimate recovery23. 剩余油remaining oil24. 提高采收率IOR25. 水驱water flooding26. 原始地质储量OOIP（original oil in place）27. 流度比mobility ratio28. 有效渗透率effective permeability29. 空隙体积pore volume30. 上冲程upstroke31. 下冲程downstroke32. 润湿性wettability33. 聚合物驱polymer flooding。
(完整word版)石油工程专业英语下重点翻译完整版(精)
All petroleum reservoirs experience pressure declines, and most wells require artificial lift at some point， most commonly where reservoir pressure is insufficient for natural flow. Artificial lift systems may also be used to enhance production from flowing wells with a reservoir pressure that is insufficient to produce a require amount of fluid. 所有的油气储层都要经历压力降低的过程, 大多数井在某些阶段需要人工举升，通常是在储层的压力不足以自流自喷。
人工举升系统也可以用于自喷井和储层压力不足以生产所需量时的增产。
Extensive research and field studies have been conducted on a range of artificial—lift systems that have been developed and applied extensively to meet industry needs. These systems include beam pumping, gas lift, electrical submersible pumps, progressive cavity pumps， and hydraulic.为满足行业的需求,广泛的研究和实地调查已经进行了, 人工举升系统得到了广泛的发展和应用。
这些系统包括游梁抽油机,气举,电潜泵(ESP ,螺杆泵(PCP 的 ,和液压泵。
Gas lift lightens the fluid gravity to increase the flow and correspondingly lower the sand—face pressure。
石油工程专业英语翻译
Petroleum engineering is a field of engineering concerned with the activities related to the production of hydrocarbons ([ˌhaɪdrəˈkɑ:bən]), which can be either crude oil or natural gas. Subsurface activities are deemed to fall within the upstream sector of the oil and gas industry, which are the activities of finding and producing hydrocarbons.Refining and distribution to a market are referred to as the downstream sector.Exploration, by earth scientists, and petroleum engineering are the oil and gas industry's two main subsurface disciplines, which focus on maximizing ([ˈmæksəˌmaɪz]) economic recovery of hydrocarbons from subsurface reservoirs ([ˈrezəvwɑ:]). Petroleum geology and geophysics ([ˌdʒi(:)əuˈfiziks]) focus on provision of a static description of the hydrocarbon reservoir rock, while petroleum engineering focuses on estimation of the recoverable volume of this resource using a detailed understanding of the physical behavior of oil, water and gas within porous ([ˈpɔ:rəs]) rock at very high pressure.The combined efforts of geologists and petroleum engineers throughout the life of a hydrocarbon accumulation determine the way in which a reservoir is developed and depleted, andusually they have the highest impact on field economics. Petroleum engineering requires a good knowledge of many other related disciplines, such as geophysics ([ˌdʒi(:)əuˈfiziks]), petroleum geology, formation evaluation (well logging), drilling, economics, reservoir simulation, well engineering, artificial lift systems, and oil and gas facilities engineering.石油工程与碳氢化合物，可以是原油或天然气生产活动有关的工程领域。
中石化出国英语培训班词汇必备
中石化出国英语培训班词汇必备石油钻井作业现场工作人员名称1.钻井队：drilling crew，drilling team队，组：crew team2.技术员：technician钻井技术员：drilling technician泥浆技术员：mud technician3.监督：supervisor钻井监督：drilling supervisor副监督：assistant supervisor地质监督：geology supervisor4. 工程师：engineer泥浆工程师：mud engineer泥浆工：mudman机械工程师：mechanic engineer引擎，发动机：engine工程：engineering钻井工程：drilling engineering采油工程：production engineering石油工程：petroleum engineering试油工程：oil test engineering拓展记忆：工程项目：project希望工程：The Hope Project三峡工程：The Three-Gorge Project项目经理：project manager工程管理：project management钻工：roughneck，floorman司钻：driller副司钻：assistant driller钻井队长：drilling foreman钻井领班：tool pusher井架工：derrick man发动机工，机工：motorman钻台工：floor man机械师：technicians，mechanic电焊工：welder电工：electrician医生：doctor材料员：material man，staff man炊事员：cook翻译：interpreter，translator洗衣工：laundry man石油作业现场常用工具1. 石油作业现场普通工具板手：wrench螺丝起子：screwdriver多角螺丝起子：Phlilips screwdriver活动板手：monkey wrench，adjustable wrench钳子：pliers手斧：hatchet钩子：hook台钳：bench vice榔头：hammer木锤：mallet搬手：spanner1.钻探，钻井：drill拓展记忆：钻井：drilling定向斜井：directional drilling欠平衡钻井：under-balance海上钻井：off-shore陆地钻井：on-land drilling钻头：drill bit刮刀钻头：drag bit牙轮钻头：rock bit金刚石钻头：diamond bit喷射钻头：jet bit钻铤：drill collar衣领：collar钻杆：drill pipe钻井队：drilling crew，drilling team 钻机：drill rig钻井泥浆：drilling mud钻井液：drilling fluid钻井设备：drilling equipment2. 油、石油：oil拓展记忆：原油：crude oil石油：petroleum中国石油（简称）：Petro-China采油：oil production采油设备：oil production equipment 采油平台：oil production platform 油泵：oil pump3.地质：geology拓展记忆：地质专业人员：geologist物理：physics地球物理勘探：geo-physical probe，geo-physical exploration测井Logging测井作业：logging operation测井记录：logging record4. 油（副词“好”含意）：well拓展记忆：井眼：hole油井：oil well试井，油井测试：well test井下：down-hole井下作业：down-hole operation石油钻井方法基础词汇原油：crude oil天然气：nature gas煤层气：coal-bed gas一体化设计：integral design钻井：drilling钻井原理：the priciples of drilling顿钻钻井：percussion drilling，cable-tool drilling旋转钻井：rotary drilling液体冲击：fluid percussion大位移：big deviation侧钻井：sidetracking drilling technology，lateral drilling 水平井：horizontal well探井：wildcat，wildcat drilling深井：deep well浅井：shallow well老井：maturing well欠平衡钻井：under-balanced drilling丛式钻井：cluster drilling technology煤层气井：coal-bed gas well生产井：production wells报废井：abandon wells停产井：none-production wells绕障井、三维井：three-dimensional wells.常温井：normal temperature well注采井：injection and production well稠油井：heavy oil well热洗井：hot washing pipe井况：well condition石油钻井技术基础词汇技术规范，技术指标，技术性能：specification拉伸：tension拉伸强度：tensile strength应力：stress压力：pressure应力点：stress point压力等级：pressure grade压力降：pressure drop压力梯度：pressure gradient回压：back pressure大气压：atmosphere压差：differential pressure静液柱压力：static fluid cloumn pressure特征：characteristic，feature定性讨论：qualitative argument定量使用：quantitative use液体：liquid固体：solid气体：gas，air正的：positive负的：negative虚线：dashed line，broken line实线：full line递减率：decline rate正比于：be proportional to水平的：horizontal垂直的：vertical油层静压：the formation static pressure石油钻井参数基础词汇负荷：load扭矩：torque扭转：twist摩擦：friction钻压：WOB，weight on bit，weight，drilling weight钻速：ROP，rate of penetration，drilling rate，the rate of drilling 平均机械钻速：average ROP钻井周期：drilling period转速：rotary speed地层压力预测：formation pressure prediction technology地层快速预测：the formation fast prediction埋藏深度：bury depth产油层，产油带：pay zone, productive formation温度梯度：temperature gradient地层压力：formation pressure坍塌压力：collapse pressure and破裂压力：fracture pressure平衡压力：equilibrium pressure钻具（柱）压力：drilling string pressure钻头振动：vibration of bit钻井成本：drilling costs井眼尺寸：hole size，well size参数计算：parameters calculation几何参数：geometric parameters参数分析：parameter analysis动态参数：dynamic data静态参数：static data注水参数：parameters of injection参数、变量：variables井距：well space垂直深度：vertical depth水平位移：horizontal deviation总深度：total depth垂直深度：vertical depth水平位移：horizontal displacement最大井斜角：maximum hole inclination井眼环空：annulus space压力调节器：pressure regulator恢复（增加）压力：the build-up pressure初始开采：primary recovery含水地层：water bearing formation套管漏失：casing leak摩擦损失：friction losses气举阀：gas-lift valve石蜡族：paraffin series含气液柱：gas-laden column增产措施：stimulation treatment流动能力：flowing capacity生产速率：production rate水驱：water drive气驱：gas drive网状系统：grid system水侵：water influx五点法：five-spot pattern油井产量：well productivity径向流：radial system富气：enriched gas贫气：lean gas气顶：gas cap气驱：gas drive (or gas flooding)水驱：water drive (or water flooding)地层伤害：formation damage波及系数：sweep efficiency泄油半径：drainage radius基岩处理：matrix treatment单级脱气：single stage separation泄油面积：drainage area表面张力：surface tension束缚水：connate water (or interstitial water)其他Derrick井架Crown block天车Drilling line大绳Rig floor钻台Monkey board二层台Traveling block游车Top drive顶驱Shackle卡环Elevator吊卡Spud in开钻Spud mud开钻泥浆Safety slips安全卡瓦Sub/adapter接头/短节Kelly方钻杆Drill collar钻铤Drill pipe钻杆Drill string钻柱Lay down the drill pipe甩钻杆Jar震击器Shock absorber减震器Rat hole大鼠洞Mouse hole小鼠洞Fishing tool打捞工具Fishing spear打捞矛Pin公扣Box母扣Safety joint安全接头Safety belt安全带Safety cap/hard hat/helmet安全帽Boots工鞋Flange 法兰Back-up tongs内钳Lead tongs外钳Pneumatic tongs气动大钳Hydraulic tongs液压大钳Driller room司钻房Assistant driller副钻Floorman钻工Rig钻机Wellhead井口Bell Nipple井口喇叭口Fish井下落物Single(pipe)/joint单根Threbble/stand一柱Breaking down/lay down甩单根Make a connection接单根Pneumatic draw works气动绞车Basket吊笼Sling绳套Loosening松开Tightening紧固Change shift换班Tubing hanger油管挂Blowout preventer(BOP)防喷器Accumulator储能器Agitator 搅拌器Ato-muffler消音器Clutch离合器Heavy weight drill pipe(HWDP)加重钻杆Hydraulic valve液压阀Chock line阻流管线Well control manifold井控管汇Pressure relief valve压力释放阀Directional well定向井Conductor隔水套管Casing套管Tubing油管Liner 尾管Run casing下套管Casing size套管尺寸Surface casing表层套管Casing shoe套管靴Casing scraper刮管器Cementing pump固井泵Cementing line固井管线Cementing head水泥头Squeeze cement挤水泥Wait on cementing候凝Cement plug水泥塞Bridge plug桥塞Christmas tree采油树Spanner扳手Hammer锤子Screwdriver改锥Tighten the screw上紧螺丝Loosen the screw松开螺丝Pressure testing试压Leak漏泄Leak off test地漏试验Formation integrity test地漏试验No leaking不漏Electric welding电焊Gas welding气焊Sealing ring密封圈Sidewall井壁Get stuck/sticking卡钻Meet sticking/stick pipe遇卡Free stick解卡Meet resistance遇阻Mud circulation循环泥浆Kick井涌Blowout/gush井喷Lost circulation/lost returns井漏Plugging/sealing堵漏Lost circulation material堵漏材料Lost circulation additives/plugging agent堵漏剂Mud pit泥浆池HI-VIS sweep稠泥浆Mud additive泥浆添加剂Packer封隔器Bit钻头Centralizer/stabilizer扶正器Cuttings岩屑Reaming/redressing划眼Reverse reaming/back reaming/up reaming倒划眼Make-up of string钻具组合Build the pressure憋压Waiting on cement候凝Slurry水泥浆Logging电测Wiper trip通井Coring取芯Coring tool取芯工具Coring bit取芯钻头Formation地层Kill line压井管线Choke line manifold阻流管汇Trip in hole(TIH)/running in hole(RIH)/go in hole(GIH)下钻Pull out of the hole(POOH)起钻Bottom hole assembly(BHA)井底钻具组合Short trip短起Reverse circulation反循环Open the well for gushing放喷Burner燃烧器Hydrogen sulfide/hepatic gas硫化氢Mask防毒面具Measuring tank/trip tank计量罐Separator分离器Desander/sand separator除沙器Shale shaker震动筛Mud pump/slush pump/drilling pump泥浆泵Piston活塞Liner钢套Valve阀门High pressure pipe高压管线Rush to repair抢修Viscosifier增粘剂Diluent稀释剂Stabilizer稳定剂Emulsifying agent乳化剂Disperse agent消油剂Caustic soda烧碱Gravity比重Mud engineer泥浆工程师Geologic engineer地质师Mechanical engineer机械师Drilling engineer钻井工程师Electrical engineer电器师Supervisor监督Captain/shipmaster船长Madman泥浆工Start pumping开泵Stop pumping停泵Pipe tongs/pipe spanner管钳Thread protector护丝Hose 软管Hook 大钩Ball valve/globe valve球阀Hydrogen氢气Nitrogen氮气Oxygen氧气Overload过载Hatch door舱门Anchor machine锚机Mooring rope带缆绳Anchor chain锚链Fire extinguisher灭火器Fire hydrant消防栓Water tap水龙带Deck甲板Draft line吃水线Helideck飞机甲板Portable water/fresh water淡水Drill water钻井水Ventilation通风设备Thermometer温度计Anemometer风速仪Barometer气压仪Crane boom吊车爬杆Transformer变压器Life boat救生艇Life jacket救生衣Life buoy救生圈Survival suit救生服Safety net安全网Foam fire extinguishing system泡沫灭火系统Co2 hand portable fire extinguisher手提式CO2灭火机Portable dry powder fire extinguish手提式干粉灭火机Fireman’s suit消防服Stretcher担架First aid kit急救箱First aid equipment急救设备Standby boat值班船Towing line拖缆Jack house升降室Condenser冷凝器Fire drill消防演习BOP drill防喷器演习Abandon drill逃生演习Fire alarm system火灾报警系统Variable load可变载荷Paint油漆Crane吊车Brush刷子Welding rod电焊条Remove rust除锈Unload卸载Drop anchor抛锚Gesture手势Signal信号Range light桅灯Lamp signal灯语Flag signal旗语Broadcast广播Barite重晶石Bentonite土粉Cement水泥Tray托盘Rack架Bundle捆Prevent pollution防污Mop拖布Rag 擦布Tie up带缆Cast off解缆Diesel柴油Generator发电机Motor电机Air condition空调Air compressor空压机Fresh water maker造水机Emergency generator应急发电机Fire pump消防泵Fuel pump燃油泵Mud cycle pump泥浆循环泵Distribution room配电间Submersible pump潜水泵Boiler锅炉Ground connection接地Short circuit短路Air button空气开关Electric shock触电Pliers老虎钳Keep away走开Cubic meter立方Square meter平方Water tank水舱Oil tank油舱Ballast tank压载舱钻井英语５００句一、主-系-表句型（一）主-系-表句型是英语中最常用的句型之一，其结构是:主语+系词+表语。
(完整版)石油工程专业英语【课文翻译】
Unit 1 Introduction to petroleum industry1) Introduction石油工业在我们的日常生活以及其他工业领域扮演着相当重要的角色。
石油工业可以主要分成上游部分、中游部分以及下游部分。
今天，许多大的石油公司，例如中国石油、中石化、中海油，都在中国开采着地下油藏的大量原油。
大多数原油和天然气都是由几百万年前在沼泽和海洋中的植物和动物形成的。
这些有机物与小溪和河流中的淤泥沉积在一起。
这些沉积最终压实形成了沉积岩石。
热量和压力把这些植物和动物中柔软的部分转化成为固态的、液态的和气态的碳氢化合物，也就是我们知道的煤、原油和天然气。
随着陆地和海洋的石油工业的快速繁荣，公众的注意力也集中到了石油工业的环境保护问题上来。
幸运的是，技术的创新、精心的培训、严格的法规都将让石油工业对人类、动物、土壤、空气和水的污染降低到最小。
✓Swamp: 沼泽，湿地✓Stringent : 严格的，必须遵守的2) Three main components of the industry今天，上游部分包括了超过100家勘探和生产公司以及数百家相关的部门，例如地震和钻井承包商，修井承包商，工程公司和各种科学技术服务公司和供给部门。
中游部分包括连接生产和消费领域的油气集输系统。
其他的设备将提炼硫和液态天然气，储存石油和天然气产品，并且用卡车、铁路以及油罐车运输产品。
下游部分由炼油厂、气体分离设备、原油零售商、服务站以及石油化工公司。
✓Service rig: 修井设备；修井机✓Utility：n. 功用，实用；a. 实用的；多用途的3) Finding oil and natural gasa)Exploration- the search for petroleum一个圈闭应该包含三个要素：●多孔油藏岩石来聚集石油和天然气—典型的岩石有：砂岩、石灰岩和白云岩。
●上覆不可渗透岩石来阻止油气的逃逸。
石油工程专业英语
第一章石油钻井工程英语基础第1节石油钻井工程基础词汇1.钻探，钻井：drill————拓展记忆钻井：drilling定向斜井directional drilling 欠平衡钻井under-balance 海上钻井off-shore陆地钻井on-land drilling 钻头：drill bit 刮刀钻头：drag bit 牙轮钻头rock bit金刚石钻头diamond bit 喷射钻头jet bit 钻铤drill collar 衣领collar钻杆：drill pipe 钻井队drilling crew 钻机drill rig 钻井泥浆drilling mud钻井液drilling fluid2.油，石油：oil————拓展记忆原有crude oil 石油petroleum 中国石油Petro-China 采油oil production采油设备oil production equipment 采油平台oil production platform 油泵oil pump3.地质：geology————拓展记忆地质专业人员geologist 物理physics地球物理勘探geo-physical probe，geo-physical exploration测井logging 测井作业logging operations 测井记录logging record4.油井：well————拓展记忆井眼hole 油井oil well 试井，油井测试well test 井下down-hole井下作业down-hole operation第2节石油钻井方法基础词汇原油crude oil 天然气natural gas 煤层气coal-bed gas 一体化设计integral design钻井drilling 钻井原理the principles of drilling顿钻钻井percussion drilling，cable-tool drilling 旋转钻井rotary drilling液体冲击fluid percussion 大位移big deviation侧钻井sidetracking drilling technology lateraldrilling水平井horizontal well 探井wildcat，wildcat drilling 深井deep well 浅井shallow well老井maturing well 欠平衡钻井under-balanced drilling 丛式钻井cluster drilling technology 煤层气井coal-bed gas well 生产井production wells 报废井abandon wells停产井non-production wells 绕障井、三维井three-dimensional wells常温井normal temperature well 注采井injection and production well 稠油井heavy oil well热洗井hot washing pipe 井况well condition石油钻井技术基础词汇技术规范，技术指标，技术性能：specification拉伸tension 拉伸强度tension strength 应力stress 压力pressure 应力点stress point压力等级pressure grade 压力降pressure drop 压力梯度pressure gradient回压back pressure 大气压atmosphere 压差differential pressure静液柱压力static fluid column pressure 特征characteristic，feature定性讨论qualitative argiment 定量使用quantitative use液体liquid 固体solid 气体gas，air 正的positive 负的negative虚线dashed line，broken line 实线full line 递减率decline rate 正比于be proportional to 水平的horizontal 垂直的vertical 油层静压the formation static pressure石油钻井参数基础词汇负荷load 扭矩torque 扭转twist 摩擦friction钻压WOB, weight on bit,weight, drilling weight钻速rate of penetration, drilling rate, the rate of drilling, average ROP 钻井周期drilling period 钻速rotary speed 地层压力预测formation pressure prediction technology地层快速预测the formation fast prediction 埋藏深度bury depth产油层，产油带，pay zone，productive formation温度梯度temperature gradient 地层压力formation pressure 坍塌压力collapse pressure破裂压力fracture pressure 平衡压力equilibrium pressure钻具（柱）压力drilling string pressure 钻头振动vibration of bit 钻井成本drilling costs井眼尺寸hole size，well size 参数计算parameters calculation几何参数geometric parameters 参数分析parameter analysis 动态参数dynamic data静态监测static data 注水参数parameter of injection 参数、变量variables 井距well space 垂直深度vertical depth 水平位移horizontal deviation 总深度total depth水平位移horizontal displacement 最大井斜角maximum hole inclination井眼环空annulus space 压力调节器pressure regulator 恢复（增加）压力the build-up pressure 初始开采primary recovery 含水地层water bearing formation 套管漏失casing leak摩擦损失friction losses 气聚阀gas-lift valve 石蜡族paraffin series含气液柱gas-laden column 增产措施stimulation treatment 流动能力flowing capacity生产速率production rate 水驱water drive 气驱gas drive 网状系统grid system水侵water influx 五点法five-spot pattern 油井产量well-productivity 径向流radial system 富气enriched gas 贫气lean gas 气顶gas cap 气驱gas drive（or gas flooding）水驱water drive (or water flooding) 地层伤害formation damage 波及系数sweep efficiency 泄油半径drainage radius 基岩处理matrix treatment 单级脱气single stage separation泄油面积drainage area 表面张力surface tension 束缚力connate water（or interstitial water）石油钻井作业现场工作人员名称1 钻井队drilling crew 队、组crew、team2 技术员technician 钻井技术员drilling technician 泥浆技术员mud technician3 监督supervisor 钻井监督drilling supervisor 副监督assisstant supervisor地质监督geology supervisor4 工程师engineer 泥浆工程师mud engineer 泥浆工mudman机械工程师mechanic engineer 引擎、发动机engine 工程engineering钻井工程drilling engineering 采油工程production engineering石油工程petroleum engineering 试油工程oil test engineering拓展记忆---------------------------工作项目project 希望工程the hope project 三峡工程the Three-Gorge Project项目经理project manager 工程管理project management 钻工：roughneck、floorman司钻driller 副司钻assistant driller 钻井队长drilling foreman 钻井领班tool pusher井架工derrick man 发动机工，机工motorman 钻台工floorman机械师technicians，mechanic 电焊工welder 电工electrician 医生doctor材料员material man，staff man 炊事员cook 翻译interpreter, tansalator洗衣工laundry man石油作业现场常用工具石油作业现场普通工具扳手wrench 螺丝起子screwdriver 多角螺丝起子Phlilips screwdriver活动扳手monkey wrench，adjustable 钳子pliers 手斧hatchet 钩子hook 台钳bench vice 榔头hammer 木锤mallet 搬手spanner 锯子saw 电动手锯jigsaw 电锯power saw钢锯hacksaw 硬尺rule 软尺tape measure 砂纸sandpaper 油漆paint 油漆刷paintbrush 绝缘胶布electrical tape 电线wire 插头plug 电插座outlet 开关switch 螺栓bolt螺帽nut 钉子nail 电钻electric drill 钻头bit 工作台workbench 工具箱toolbox胶水glue 交棒glue bar 管钳pipe tongs，pipe spanner，wrench链钳chain tongs，chain spanner，chain wrench护丝thread protector，screw protector手轮hand wheel 阀门搬手valve wrench，valve spanner 链接法兰coupling flange安全带safety belt 安全帽safety cap 工作靴working boots 千斤顶jack 吊车crane拖拉机tractor 推土机dozer 刮刀scraper1、石油作业现场专业工具接头sub 配合接头X-over，cross-over 提升短接lifting sub，lifting nipple elevator卡瓦slip 母锥box bell 公锥taper tap 短节joint 柔性短节flex joint 井口wellhead螺旋钻铤spiral collar 方钻杆kelly 钻杆架pipe rack 材料房warehouse 绳卡guy anchor 润滑器lubricator 维护保养maintenance 内钳lead tong 外钳back-up tong液压大钳hydraulic tong 兜绳mule line 四通阀four-way valve 软管hose球阀ball valve, globe valve 闸板阀ram valve, gate valve 增压泵booster pump换配件fittings change 灌注泵charge pump第二章石油工程常用设备及专业术语第1节钻井设备部分1 井架derrick 塔形井架derrick A形井架cantilever mast，mast-A 桅杆mast底座大梁sill 架，台rack 架工操作台monkey-board2 游动系统travelling systemn 天车crown block 天车梁crown block beam游动滑车travelling block 钻井大绳drilling line, wire line 金属线, 电线wire，line钢丝绳，测井电缆wire line 金属线，电线wire，line 钢丝绳股strand 截断cutoff滑车，滑轮，皮带轮pulley 吊耳eye plate3 大钩与水龙头hook and swivel 顶驱top drive 大钩hook 大钩弹簧hook spring大钩销子hook pin 大钩环hook ring 大钩锁紧装置hook locking device大钩悬挂高度hook height 水龙头swivel 鹅颈管gooseneck 冲管wash pipe水龙头盘根swivel packing 钻井水龙带drilling hose，rotary hose，kelly hose 立管stand pipe 高压管线high pressure line 低压管线low pressure line 放压管线relief line储气筒gas holder，air holder4 转盘rotary table 转盘方瓦master bushing 方补心kelly drive bushing方孔square openning 小鼠洞mouse hole 大鼠洞rat hole （井架大门处）坡板ramp5 绞车drawworks，hoist 液压绞车hydraulically-powered winch 气动绞车air operated hoist 绞车hoist，windlass，drawworks 滚筒线轴卷轴reel pool drum滚筒高速气离合器drum high air clutch 滚筒低速气离合器drum low high clutch猫头cathead 液压猫头hydraulic cathead 上扣猫头make up cathead卸扣猫头make out cathead 牙嵌离合器jaw clutch 应急牙嵌离合器emergency jaw clutch涡磁刹车eddy current brake 猫头轴cathead shaft 猫头绳cathead line猫头绳爪cat line grip 死绳dead line 死绳固定器deadline anchor死绳固定器膜片dead line diaphragm 上扣spin up，screw on 卸扣，卸开break out, screw off 上紧，固定tighten 松开，松扣loosen 加载load 卸载unload 拧紧screw 拧松unscrew 刹者brake 刹车总成brake assembly 刹车轴brake axle，brake shaft 刹车带brake band刹车片brake band lining 刹车杆brake bar 闸瓦brake block 刹把break crank，brake bar刹车鼓brake drum 离合器clutch 液压油箱hydraulic reservoir液动试压泵hydraulic test pump 液压大钳hydraulic tong 倒档齿轮reverse gear第2节钻井泵类及相关设备泥浆泵mud pump，drilling pump，slush pump 活塞piston 活塞杆piston rod活塞皮瓦piston cup 缸套liner，pumpliner 凡尔体valve body 凡尔座valve cup阀弹簧valve spring 阀杆valve lever 阀面valve face 阀帽valve bonnet泥浆泵安全阀mud relief valve 排出阀discharge valve 吸入阀suction valve潜水泵submersible pump 阀门valve 阀盖valve cap 阀座valve seat 回压阀回压阀back pressure valve 单向阀check valve single-pass valve 安全阀safety valve手动阀manual valve 液动阀hydraulic valve 冷缸cold cylinder 拉杆tie rod，tension bear 上水头intake，suction end 排出口discharge spout 高压管high pressure压力表pressure gauge 冲数strokes 排量displacement，discharge capacity，flow rate第3节井下泵类及相关设备泵筒pump barrel 柱塞plunger 关闭shut down 尾管tail pipe 抽油杆sucker rod长冲程long stroke 低泵速small pumping speed 泵充满度the fullness efficient of the pump 抽油杆sucker rod 排气方法gas bleeding method 泵效pump efficiency三维空间three dimensional space 有效生举efficient lift for the deviated抽油杆扶正工具sucker rod centralization tools 严重的管杆偏磨serious string partial wear游动阀the travelling valve 固定阀the standing valve 部分磨损、偏磨partial wear无杆泵rodless pump 小泵深抽small pump deep pumping technology挂泵深度pump setting depth 尾管长度length of liner 管柱结构the structure of pipe string防脱器dropout-prevent device 井斜角hole angle 电热杆borehole electric heating rod稠油开采heavy oil production 空心杆热载体hollow sucker rod heat carrier变扣器方补芯bushing 终端器terminal assembly 空心抽油杆hollow sucker rod整体电缆传感器continuous cable，sensor 空心光杆hollow polish rod 悬挂器hanger防喷盒stuffing box第4节采油设备采油树Christmas tree 抽油机pumping unit 往复运动reciprocating motion泵杆pumping rod 机械传动mechanical transmission 载荷能力peak polish rod load系统效率system efficiency 冲程stroke length 冲次frequency of stroke无级可调smooth regulation 沉降式抽油泵the sinking sand pump 泵下沉砂sinking砂颗粒sand particles 胶质沥青gum asphalt含蜡量paraffin content 凝固点solidification point 热流hot fluid 参水mingle water第5节与泵操作有关的使用短语没有压力no pressure 压力过高the pressure is too high 返回太少mud return is few水太少water is little 抢修rush to repair 请看记录please read the record没作记录no record 加化学小品put in chemicals 加高岭土粉put in koaline powder加云母片put in mica sheet 加增粘剂put in viscosifier 加稀释剂put in diluent（thinner）加稳定剂put in stabilizer（stabilizing agent）加烧碱put in caustic soda测定比重measure gravity，gravity test 测定失水test filtration 测定切力measure force开关switch 停泵stop the pump 请打手势please make a gesture转动一周turn round a circle 垫高一些put something under it to raise 抓紧firmly grasp抬高lift it up 拿稳hold firm 打一下strike once 往下拉pull out站稳stand firm take a firm hand 小端small end 大端large end 光滑smooth粗糙rough,coarse 平面plane，flat 弯曲winding，bending 放松loosen绷直stretch tight，draw tight 撬棍pinch bar，pry bar 充氨气nitrogen aeration 气包snubber 冷却cooling 润滑lubricate 过载overload 功率不足inadequate power，power is not enough第6节钻台与底座钻台drilling floor，derrick floor，rig floor 钻井记录drilling record司钻监视器driller’s monitor 司钻控制台driller’s console 指重表weight indicator转盘rotary table 卡瓦slip 吊卡latch elevator 底座substructure 井队活动房bunkhouse 钻台上值班房doghouse 立根盒setback （place）立根盒容量setback capacity井控设备well-control device第7节防喷器万能防喷器versatile blowout preventerBag type BOP单闸板防喷器single ram preventer 双闸板防喷器double ram preventer 闸板pipe ram全封闭式防喷器blind ram 蓄能器energy accumulator 压井管线kill line 入口inlet出口outlet 演习drill 消防演习fire drill 防喷演习BOP drill防腐涂料油管anti-corrosion coating material tubing 多功能管柱multi-function string第三章钻井工程作业部分第1节钻井事故泄漏leak 漏失fluid loss 出砂sand production 井喷blow out 井涌kick，flow off井漏lost of circulation，circulation lost坍塌，井壁坍塌caving，cave in，collapse出砂sand production，sand flow 桥塞bridge plug 砂桥sand bridge 井堵well clogging卡钻sticking 卡钻杆sticking the pipe 卡钻具sticking the drill stem 打捞fishing打捞工作fishing job 侧钻side-tracking 侧钻井眼sidetracking hole水泥窜槽cement channeling 固井失败cement failure 防砂sand control，sand-proof第2节钻头牙轮钻头rock bit，tooth-wheel bit 刮刀钻头drag bit 金刚石钻头diomand bit镶齿钻头tungsten carbide bit，insert bit 喷射钻头jet bit 铣齿钻头milled bit 牙轮cone钻头装卸器bit breaker 钻头直径bit diameter 钻头寿命bit life 钻头规格bit gauge钻头磨损bit wear 钻头型号bit type 水眼尺寸nozzle size 水眼效率nozzle efficiency钻头接头bit sub第3节钻具方钻杆kelly 方钻杆旋转短节kelly spinner 方钻杆考克（旋塞）kelly cock 接头sub钻头接头bit sub 钻具drill stem，drilling string 钻杆drill pipe 管子tube，pipe钻具组合drilling assembly 扶正器stabilizer，centering guide 翼状扶正器wing stabilizer扩眼器reamer drill collar 无磁钻铤drill collar 加重钻杆heavy weight drill pipe近钻头扶正器near-bit stabilizer 绕性接头flexible joint 震击器jar 减震器shock absorber 螺旋钻铤spiral drill collar 键槽破坏器key seat reamer 安全接头safety joint钻杆刮泥器drill pipe wiper 配合接头crossover sub 减震器shock sub井下钻具组合BHA-bottom hole assembly泥浆动力钻具mud motor 管线tubeline 钻柱drill string 涡轮tubine涡轮钻具turbo-drill stem 斜度taper，slope 塔式钻具tapered drill stem 接头 a joint，sub 管接头a joint of pipe 立根stand，a stand，thribble 加厚upset 内加厚internal upset外加厚external upset 内外加厚internal-external upset 丝扣thread 母扣box 公扣pin左旋螺纹left-hand thread 右旋螺纹right-hand thread 正规接头regular joint贯眼接头full hole joint 内平接头internal flush joint 护丝thread protector丝扣油thread dope，thread oil 打捞篮junk basket 打捞工具fishing tool打捞管柱fishing string 打捞公锥fishing nipple 打捞颈fishing neck 打捞头fishing head 打捞作业fishing operation 打捞母锥fishing socket 牙轮打捞器cone fisher倒扣工具reversing tool 卡瓦打捞筒slip socket 铣鞋milling shoe 铣具milling tool平底铣鞋flat bottom mill 磁力打捞工具magnetic fishing tool 套管打捞矛casing spear打捞矛fishing spear 打捞钩fish hook 套管打捞筒casing bowl 动力扳手power wrench动力大钳power tong 大钳活动牙块hinged jaw 大钳锁销latch 大钳悬臂suspension unit 气动工具pneumatic tool 打捞震击器fishing jars 打捞缓冲器fishing bumper sub打捞环die collar 打捞筒overshot 打捞短节junk sub 卡瓦slips 刮井器scatcher刮眼器扩井器wiper 油位检查丝堵oil lever check plug 油位oil lever油尺oil-lever dipstick 加油孔lubrication hole 盘根盒stuffing box 井筒工具well bore tool 配套工具matching tools 滚轮扶正器idler wheel centralizer 减磨短节friction reduction sub 轴线加压hydraulic thruster 扶正器centralizer 防脱器、装置anti-slip device减磨扭矩接箍torque-reduction sub 减扭接头torque reduction sub轴向水力加压工具hydraulic thruster 下套管漂浮接箍casing floating coupling轴向加压器hydraulic thruster第4节钻井工程地面作业实用词汇与短语方入kelly-in 方余kelly-up 开钻spud in，starting drilling 作业指令working instruction起钻POOH=pull out of the hole 下钻run in the hole 起下钻make a trip 短起下钻short trip 通井wiper trip 起下循环一周round a trip 循环时间round time，circulating time换钻头change bit 甩钻具laydown 填井pack-hole封井packed drilling发生故障break down 接单根connection 放卡瓦set slip，setting slip，起卡瓦pull slip扩眼openning 划眼reaming 二层台double monkey board，runround 顶部驱动器top drive 吊环bail 吊卡elevator 安全卡瓦safety slips 接头sub adapter 短节sub substitute井下震击器downhole（bumper）jar，down well shaker 打捞工具fishing tool三片卡瓦three slips，three pieces 补芯bushing 方补芯kelly drive bushings转盘补芯（大方瓦）rotary drive bushing 转盘刹车rotary brake 丝扣油thread lubricant oil 刹把brake crank，brake bar，brake lever 脚踏开关pedal switch 挂档put into gear拉猫头cathead 内钳back-up tongs 外钳lead tongs 气动大钳pneumatic tongs 液压大钳hydraulic tongs 机械手mechanical arm 铁钻工machine hand 司钻房driller room有故障it has broken down, it has something wrong 已修好the breakdown has been fixed马上去go there at once 请下去please go down 请上来please come up躲开，危险get out，danger 请翻译来ask the interpretor to come here 冲洗flushing井口well-head（well head）井下落物fish 一根钻杆（单根）single（pipe）三根钻杆组合（立根）thribble 甩单根breaking down 接单根make a connection气动绞车pneumatic drawworks 吊篮basket 卡子clamp 绳套rope sling loosening紧固tightening 挪开move it off 换班change，shift 保养设备maintain equipment钻井日志boring journal，boring log 油管悬挂器tubing hanger第5节钻井工程井口作业实用词汇与短语喇叭口bell mouth，flare opening 贮能器accumulater 液压阀hydraulic valve液压管hydraulic hose 阻流管choke line 井控管汇well control manifold泄压阀pressure relief valve 调压针阀pressure regulating needle valve回压阀backpressure valve 井口螺丝the bolt of wellhead 井口绞车well head drawworks水刹车water brake，hydraulic brake 电缆（electric）cable 井口压力wellhead pressure隔水导管conductor riser 小心滑倒Guard against slipping 不要掉下去Take care not to fall down 我来清理let me clean up 带把扳手来bring a spanner，please 带把铁锤来bring a hammer，please. 带点密封剂bring a little sealant，please 带个密封圈bring a sealing washer 用起子撬prize with （using）screwdriver 用手推注push by hand 卸下来了it has been removed off 装配好了it has been assembled 很快就好了it will be finished right away抬一下let’s lift it 上紧螺丝tighten the screw loosen 松开螺丝loosen the screw把绳子给我give me the rope，please 把绳子拿走take the rope away。
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译自：IADC/SPE 155666页岩气井井身稳定性在弱层面上的影响Li yufei，中石油西南油气田公司；Fu yuqiang，中石油西南油气田公司；Tang Geng，中石油西南油气田公司；She Chaoyi，中石油西南油气田公司；Guojianhua，中石油西南油气田公司；Zhang jiyin，中石化西南油气分公司。
IADC/SPE 亚太钻井技术会议及展览2012版权这篇论文是为2012年7月9日至11日在中国天津召开的IADC/SPE亚太钻井技术会议及展览所准备的。
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1 摘要页岩气藏的层面发展的特点是水合容易和较强的力学各向异性，本文结合常规测井，成像测井，实时钻井数据和实验室岩石力学在现场的压力测试，建立了页岩储层井眼稳定性分析模型。
分析了涵盖层面薄弱，力学各向异性和时间的影响。
此外，根据上述因素对页岩储层水平井的井眼稳定性的影响进行了研究，并在四川盆地页岩储层井眼坍塌的机制进行了分析的基础上建立了井眼稳定性分析模型，分析了良好的W-H1井，与实钻资料的分析结果吻合得很好。
研究和现场应用结果表明，弱层面影响主要是影响水平井的页岩储层的井筒坍塌，它不同于常规砂岩储层和碳酸盐岩储层，即使是垂直井的页岩储层也同样受到影响。
这项研究提供了理论依据W-H1井钻井和完井设计如钻井液设计，优化井身结构完井方法优化，等等。
2 引言页岩气是丰富的泥页岩（或部分粉砂岩）形成存在多种相态，它是一个三大非常规资源（页岩气，煤层气，致密砂岩气），并成功的关键页岩气藏开发水平技术不断发展和进步的。
四川盆地的页岩气藏水平井钻进过程中，井壁失稳，导致卡钻，和其他一些复杂的事故，甚至回填土侧钻，这些都影响页岩气的勘探和开发。
与常规砂岩碳酸盐岩储集层比较，在W区的页岩气藏的层面显著的特征。
如果我们使用传统机械性能和化学耦合模型预测的稳定的水平井眼稳定性，结果与事实有很大的不同，不能使用垂直钻井的经验在这方面的指导水平井钻井。
本文研究了弱层面，将重点放在这两个方面的机械和化学性能。
我们分析了在页岩地层的井壁失稳机制，并建立了井壁稳定的模式，找出弱层面的主要影响因素，然后进行预测W-H1井眼稳定性。
结果与钻井事实的高度重视，高效并合理的完井技术在页岩储层的应用，这才是真正的安全钻井。
3在W地区的页岩储集层弱层面的机制对稳定性的影响本地区进行了包括物理和化学因素的两方面的实验室测试和研究理论分析。
在页岩微观结构分析的基础上，我们在实验室测试的水化膨胀和的层面对页岩强度的影响在，并得到了相关页岩参数。
同时，我们建立了数学模型，研究水化膨胀和薄弱层面影响井眼稳定性的规律，并和实验与数值模拟的结果相比较。
最后，我们得到了井壁失稳机理和主要影响因素。
3.1在实验室对页岩水化膨胀和强度测试3.1.1页岩微观结构W区L组页岩中的薄弱层面光滑，有一些微裂缝平行弱的层面。
大多数粘土存在的薄弱层面是伊利石和蒙脱石。
页岩基质粗糙的剖面有一些微裂缝是垂直的，蒙脱石粘土矿物中的含量是9.8％，根据X-射线衍射，如图1和图2所示。
它可以得出的结论是层面有更多的水化膨胀和低强度比页岩基质。
3.1.2页岩水化膨胀的影响页岩层面和基质中存在的水化膨胀效果对井筒稳定性是非常重要的。
当水化应力超过一定强度时，泥页岩地层会出现坍塌层面和微裂纹。
图3的结果是在是水平和垂直方向水化膨胀应变测试，之后的是W以及L组页岩在钻井液中浸泡40小时（W-H1）。
我们可以找出无论膨胀应变的平行或垂直方向，有一个显著的时间效应，并随钻井液缩紧时间的增加，膨胀应变继续增加。
平行于层理面的方向，扩大应变非常小（仅为1％，40小时后），并且它是主要由于膨胀页岩基质。
在垂直方向的层理面，扩大应力要是因为扩张所造成的粘土矿物水吸收，膨胀应变为3％，明显高于前者（约3.5倍）。
水化会使强度降低的页岩水化膨胀除外。
根据实验的结果，用干燥的岩石样品相比，页岩的抗压强度降低了10％，并且降低的凝聚力钻井液中浸渍（40小时后，68.7％），如表1所示。
3.1.3层面力学性能的影响当取心沿不同方向（角度取心的方向和层面的法线方向为0°、30°、45°和90°），表4中的W区L组形成页岩的机械行为有关的化验结果。
我们可以发现，核化方向页岩层面的方向是不同的，有强度的核心标记也不同。
当核化的方向是垂直于层面的方向时，页岩的强度是最高的，然后页岩取心方向是平行于层面方向，强度页岩是最低的是弱层面的法线方向和取芯方向的角度为60°，如图（4）。
此外，凝聚力和内摩擦角页岩，岩石的凝聚力层面的影响核化方向是垂直于层面的方向上远远大于平行核化的样本，但前者的内摩擦角是较小的。
根据这一点，我们可以推断，稳定的页岩层面是垂直井最好的，第二个是平行于层理面的井，斜井或水平偏转部分的稳定性（倾斜角为40 ~60是最差的）。
3.2在泥页岩地层井壁稳定的数值模拟3.2.1弱层面对井眼稳定性的影响根据理论分析的结果，页岩弱层面对垂直井身的井眼稳定性都没有明显的效果，考虑或不考虑弱层面的影响，，地层坍塌压力都为0.6SG，并具有良好的稳定性;水平井眼稳定性在弱层面有很大影响，当我们不考虑弱层面的影响，为了保持稳定的井身，地层坍塌压力为1.05 SG，当我们考虑到影响的薄弱层面，地层坍塌压力为1.94SG的条件下的相同的井眼轨迹，页岩弱层面影响水平和倾斜的井眼稳定性（尤其是偏移角大于40°，如图5）。
在W区的钻井经验，预测结、垂直井眼稳定性（W井）在页岩地层的结果，钻井液密度为1.1〜1.2SG可以保持井壁稳定，但也有很多复杂的情况，在比较（W-H1）钻水平井的过程，钻井液的密度开始从1.28SG增加至2.10SG，还存在着在井下与所预测的结果存在不同程度的下降块弱层面的影响。
3.2.2泥页岩地层井壁失稳的时间效应图6是页岩形成的井身稳定性上的时间影响的分析结果。
我们可以计算出时间越长，钻井液与泥页岩地层，渗透越深，宽度越小，井眼坍塌破坏也大。
在W 区页岩储集层水平井钻井过程中，由弱层面的影响和钻井液紧缩时间，井壁坍塌经常发生后3〜5天，碎片从井口取出，块上有明显的弱层面（如在图7中示出）。
总之，当钻的方向是垂直于页岩层面，井周围岩石的强度由弱层面的影响非常微弱，井眼稳定性的影响层面也很薄弱。
并以在弱层面有一定角度的方向钻井，井筒周围的岩石强度由弱层面的影响严重，弱层面水合物的扩张会比较大，井眼稳定性会得到一个大的由弱层面影响平面[9]，以及井筒塌陷的宽度将有越来越大。
3.3页岩地层在层面对井壁稳定性的影响W地区页岩形成井壁失稳机理的研究主要包括两个方面的，实验和数值模拟。
首先，钻井液将通过弱层面和微裂纹渗透到泥页岩地层，导致水化膨胀，页岩强度降低，并增加了井身周围的孔隙水压力，所以井筒不稳定的风险增加。
其次，当我们深入不同的方向，抗压强度，凝聚力和井身周围的内摩擦角。
显然，作为薄弱层面的影响，从而斜井和水平井井眼稳定性比直井更差。
因此，当我们分析在泥页岩地层井壁稳定，有微弱的层面，被认为是弱层面的影响应该更加注重。
4W-H1井良好的稳定性分析的应用技术W-H1井的水平井在W区，探索的目标是L组的页岩，设计井深3032米，水平段长度为1200米，钻井的实际深度2823.48米，最终水平段只有991.48米。
由于水平段井塌，我们用了37.66天处理复杂事故，争取了52.26％的钻井时间。
我们预测W-H1井水平段的稳定性，建立了L区的三个压力层面（包括挤毁压力，空隙压力和破裂压力），如图8所示，可看出地层坍塌几率高，最高达到2.14SG，并且水平面和倾斜面在弱层面的影响下有严重的问题。
在较高的泥质含量条件下，页岩的膨胀会增大，地层坍塌压力也会增大。
通过这些分析，在实际钻井是泥质含量将会高于2.14SG。
5总结和建议（1）在W区L组的页岩有明显层里面。
垂直井的井身稳定性被页岩的层面影响，但层面对水平井稳定具有明显的效果。
如果我们不考虑层面的影响，地层坍塌压力只有1.05 SG。
如果我们考虑层面的影响，对同一井眼轨迹，地层坍塌压力达到1.94 SG，钻井流体接触面形成的时间也对井塌有一定的影响。
（2）当取岩心的方向不同，核心的强度也明显不同。
倾斜层面的方向上的核心具有最高的强度，当它的方向为60度，平行层理面的方向上的核心强度是最低的。
此外，页岩将膨胀，当它与水接触，和层面方向上的扩大数量比平行方向上大。
这将导致页岩沿层理面坍塌，很多区块会出现这样的情况，当我们分析的页岩的稳定性时，层理面应被考虑。
（3）在W区域L组形成的页岩是脆性的，我们建议提高钻井液的抑制属性，同时改善制动属性，并且把一些颗粒根据脆性页岩的孔隙尺寸分布放入钻井液。
这样做的目的是，防止钻井液的滤液侵入通过层面和微页岩，从而降低页岩膨胀造成的水化，提高井的稳定性。
此外，我们亦建议，优化范例结构，分离井的斜截面和水平面，然后将得到一个大的窗口，复杂事故将有显着的下降。
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