剑桥商务英语中级考试试题(八)

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剑桥商务英语中级考试试题(八)

一、中READING （PART ONE ）（共7小题,共7.0分）· Read these sentences . · Which type does each sentence (1--7) describe? · For each sentence mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.

第1题

A ．For over three decades ，academics ，managers ，and consultants ，realizing that transforming organizations is difficult ，have analyzed the subject ．They've sung the praises of leaders who communicate vision and walk the talk in order to make change efforts succeed ．They've sanctified the importance of changing organizational culture and employees'attitudes ．They've teased out the tensions between top-down transformation efforts and participatory approaches to change ．Still ，studies show that in most organizations ，two out of three transformation initiatives fail ．

B ．Each manager looks at an initiative from his or her viewpoint and ，based on personal experience ，focuses on different success factors ．The experts ，too ，offer different perspectives ．A recent search for books on ‘change and management’ turned up 6，153 titles ，each with a distinct take on the topic. Those ideas have a lot to offer ，but take together ，they force companies to tackle many priorities simultaneously ，which spreads resource sand skills thin.

C ．Someofthehardfactorsthataffectatransformationinitiativearethetimenecessaryto completeit ，the number of people required to execute it ，and the financial results that intended actions are expected to achieve. The research shows that change projects fail to get off the ground when companies neglect the hard factors. That doesn't mean that executives can ignore the soft elements ；that would be a grave mistake. However. If companies don't pay attention to the hard issues first ，transformation programs will break down before the soft elements come into play.

D ．Companies assume that the longer an initiative carries on. The more likely it is to fail —the early impetus will peter out ，windows of opportunity will close ，objectives will be forgotten ，key supporters will leave or lose their enthusiasm ，and problems will accumulate. However ，contrary to popular perception, along project that is reviewed frequently is more likely to succeed than a short project that isn't reviewed frequently. Thus ，the time between reviews is more critical for success than a project's life span.

the importance of taking into consideration the economic effects brought by the change

【正确答案】：C

【本题分数】：1.0分

【答案解析】

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从C 篇第一句“Some of the hard factors that affect a transformation initiative are the time necessary to complete it, the number of people required to execute it, and the financial results that intended actions are expected to achieve. ”可知影响变革主动性的硬因素包括需要的时间、参加人员的数量以及将要进行的变革所能带来的经济效益。第二句“The research shows that change projects fail to get off the ground when companies neglect the hard factors. ”告诉我们，如果忽略这些因素，变革就很难顺利展开。该句中的短语get off the ground 表示“起飞；顺利地起步”。C 篇中的最后一句“However, ifcompanies don't pay attention to the hard issues first,

transformation programs will break down before the soft elements come into play. ”再次强调首先要关注的是上述那些硬因素。经济效益是硬因素之一，因此，C 为正确选项。 第2题

the diversity in observing the initiative of change in companies

【正确答案】：B

【本题分数】：1.0分

【答案解析】

从B 篇第一、第二两句“Each manager looks at an initiative from his or her viewpoint and, based on personal experience, focuses on different success factors. The expeas, too, offer different pers pectives. ”可知管理者和专家都对变革的主动性有着千差万别的看法。第三句“A recent search for books on‘change and management’turned up 6，1 53 titles ，each with a distinct take on the topic. ”则用数字说明关于“change and management”这一主题的文章有如此之多(6，153)，而每篇观点又不尽相同。此句中的“take”作名词，本意是指电影电视拍摄时的一个个镜头，这里指观点。因此，B 为正确选项。

第3题

the belief that good communication between managers and staff will benefit the change

【正确答案】：A

【本题分数】：1.0分

【答案解析】

从A 篇第一、第二句“For over three decades, academics, managers, and consultants, realizing that transforming organizations is difficult, have analyzed the subject. They've sung the praises of leaders who communicate vision and walk the talk in order to make change efforts succeed. ”可知学者、管理者、顾问都对那些能够将自己的变革构想告诉给下属的领导者称赞有加。由此可以断定，管理者与被管理者就即将进行的变革进行沟通是有助于变革成功的。因此，A 为正确选项。

第4题

the relationship between the duration of a project and the chances of winning the change

【正确答案】：D

【本题分数】：1.0分

【答案解析】