中考英语主谓一致专题复习

中考英语主谓一致专题复习

主谓一致

主谓一致，指主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”上保持一致。

一、主谓一致的“三个原则”

1、语法一致原则

句子的主语是单数或不可数名词时，谓语动词必须用单数；

主语是复数名词时，谓语动词必须用复数。

eg: America is a rich country.

These pictures are very beautiful.

2、意义一致原则

指谓语动词用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的意义。

eg: This pair of glasses is hers.

The police are looking for him.

3、就近一致原则

连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。

就近一致原则的常用词组有： not only...but also...,

either...or..., neither...nor..., there be, here开头的句子.

eg: Not only you but also he is wrong.

There is a book and two pens on the desk.

名词+as well as+名词时，谓语动词与第一个名词一致。

eg: The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting.

二、主谓一致的“两大看点”：

1、谓语动词为单数形式的情况

1）单数可数名词或不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

The book is Tom’s.

Some water is in the bottle.

2）表示时间、价格、数目、重量、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，常把它们看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg: Two months is a long holiday.

Ten miles isn’t a long way.

3）动词不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg: To see is to believe.眼见为实。

Doing eye exercises is good for you eyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。

4）以-s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义时，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg: No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。

5）”the number of+复数名词”“作主语，表示……的总数，……的数目”, 谓语动词用单数形式。

eg: The number of the students in our class is 53. 我们班学生人数是53。

6)由one of、each of、every one of、neither of、either of 后接复数名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg: one of the teachers is among them. 其中一名老师就在他们中间。

Neither of two sons is a doctor. 两个儿子都不是医生。

7）主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg: Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。

Every man and every woman is at work.. 每个男人和女人都在工作。

8)many a（许多）+单数名词；more than one+单数名词；a/an+单数名词+or two；one and a half+复数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg: Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

A student or two has failed the exam.一两个学生考试不及格。

One and a half hours is enough.一个半小时足够了。

9）单数名词作主语，后面有with、together with、besides、expect、but、like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg: Mike with his father has been to England.

Mike, like his father, enjoys playing football.

10）由some、any、no、every与thing、one、body一起构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg: Everyone is here today.

Something is wrong with him.

2、谓语动词为复数形式的情况

1）主语为复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。

eg: The students are playing football.

2)people、police、Chinese等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

eg: People here are very friendly.

3）a number of、the rest of、half of、plenty of、a lot of、lots of、most of+复数名词等作主语，谓语动词用复数形。

eg: A lot of people have been to Beijing.

Most of people are shocked at the news.

4）trousers、clothes、glasses、chopsticks等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；其前有a pair of时，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg: The trousers are blue.

A pair of shoes was on the desk.