动词-ing(现在分词)

动词-ing 形式(1)

英语课程标准将“动名词”和“现在分词”合称为“动词 -ing ”形式。作为 非谓语动词的一种形式，动词-ing 具有名词，形容词和副词 的特点，它可以在句 中作除了谓语以外的所有句子成分。

一. 动词-ing 形式的构成

否定式：not +do ing/ hav ing don e ・・-

Not being done / not hav ing bee n done

动词-ing 形式作定语

1)

单个动词-ing 形式作定语放在被修饰的名词前，叫做 前置定语。

2) 动词-ing 短语作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词后， 3) havi ng (bee n) done 该结构不能用作后置定语。

作用：

1) 表示用途

A smok ing room 吸烟室

A slee ping p ill 安眠药

Swimmi ng p ool 游泳池

Driving permit 驾驶许可证

2) 表示动作

boiling water 正在沸腾的水 the sett ing sun 落日

in the followi ng days 在接下来的几

天

3) 表所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可替换成定语从句。

［备注］此时该动词和被修饰的名词之间是主动关系

A walki ng man = a man who is walki ng

A slee ping child= a child who is slee ping.

The man sta nding at the gate is my grandpa.

=The man _________________________________ at the gate is my grandpa.

［拓展］

The compu ter ________________ (rep air) now is my brothers.

动词-ing 形式作表语

动词-ing 形式作表语，说明主语的具体内容。这种表语与主语“等价”

His job is teach ing P hysics in middle school.

有些动词-ing 形式作表语，可以说明主语的性质特征，常翻译为

“令人….的” disappointing 令人失望的

frightening 令人害怕的

叫做后置定语。 a waiki ng stick 拐杖 drawing board 画板 teachi ng build ing 教学楼 a waiting room 候车室 drinking water 饮用水 parking lot 停车场 cha nging room 更衣室 devel oping coun tries 发展中国家

the rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳

the coming week 下一周

In terest ing有趣的exciti ng令人兴奋的

Embrassass ing令人尴尬的surprising令人惊讶的

En couragi ng令人鼓舞的puzzli ng令人费解的

练习

The n ews that we failed in the comp etiti on was __________________ (disa ppoin t).

From my point of view, this idea was so ________________________ (excite).

My brother ' s job is _______________________ (deliver) newspapers every day.

动词-ing形式宾语补足语

该用法通常用于主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语结构中。其中，宾语是v-ing 的逻辑主语

感官动词see ，hear, notice注意到,smell闻至U, feel , find 发现，

observe 观察,look at ,listen to …

notice sb./sth. doing … 注意至U…正在做…

We saw a boy stealing a woman s purse in the street.

使役动词“ leave, have, keep , ge”

leave sb/ sth. doi ng “让某人或某物一直处于某种状态”

练习

He saw the childre n ________________ (p lay) in the p laygro und.

I ' m sorry to have kept you _____________ (wait) for me for so long.

The child was heard __________________ (cry) in the n ext room all ni ght.

4.The next morning, she found the man ______________________ (lie) in bed, dead.

5.___________________________________ Do you hear some one (knock) at the door

动词-ing形式作状语

动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间，原因，结果，条件，行为方式，伴随或补充说明。

备注：

1) v-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语就是主句的主语。(破题) 2为了使作状语的v-ing形式所表达更明确，可在前面加上适当的连词(as, because, sin ce, on ce, though, while, uni ess …)

［解题策略］

观察逗号“，”前后是否有连词，若没有，则应选择非谓语找到句子主语，分析空白处单词和主语之间是否为主动关系

分析填空处单词和主句动词是否几乎同时发生(doing)；若在主句动词之前发生，则选用完成式(havi ng done)

原因状语

Because she was ill,she did n' t atte nd the meeti ng.

=Being ill, she didn' t attend the meeting.

________ I犬语

Whe n they hear the n ews, they all jumped with great joy.

=Heari ng the n ews, they all jumped with great joy.