【海文考研英语】:十句翻译揭秘考研英译汉之常见句式现象
考研英语句式
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考研英语句式
考研英语中常见的句式包括:
1.强调句:It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分。
2.倒装句:将谓语放在主语之前,常见的是否定词或半否定词开头放在句首。
3.省略句:省略了句子的某些部分,常见的是省略主语或谓语。
4.复合句:包含一个主句和一个或多个从句,从句本身有自己的语法结构。
5.并列句:由并列连词连接的两个或多个句子。
6.虚拟语气:通过使用特殊形式的谓语动词来表示与实际情况相反的情况。
7.被动语态:将谓语动词变为被动形式,表示动作是被动的而不是主动的。
8.非谓语动词:包括动词不定式、动名词和分词,它们在句子中可以作为名词、
形容词或副词使用。
9.比较级和最高级:用于表示比较或最高程度的概念。
10.情态动词:包括can、could、may、might、will、would等,表示推测或可
能性。
这些句式在考研英语中经常出现,掌握这些句式可以帮助考生更好地理解阅读材料和写作复杂的句子。
考研英语翻译之名词性从句的翻译
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Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brains of a biologist.
一种生物是植物还是动物,有时使生物学家很伤脑筋。
When it was first invented is not known.
众所周知,物体在水中比在空气中轻。
It is no longer a question whether man can fly to the moon.
人能否飞上月球,现在已不再是什么问题了。
It is certain that we shall produce this kind of engine.
宾语从句既可以是动词的宾语,也可以是某些形容词或介词的宾语。宾语从句也可以出现在由it作形式宾语的句子中,汉译时,顺序一般不变。例如:
Scientists have long predicated that computers would one day help speed up the arduous task of translating texts.
The suggestion that we should develop the natural resources in this region has been discussed.
关于我们应该开发本地区自然资源的建议已经被讨论过了。
There is no possibility that human beings will ever be controlled by robots.
问题在于人们怎样才能找到一种有效的方式来储藏太阳热。
考研英语之翻译常用句型
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一、“正话反说”常用句式1.not...without1)They never meet without quarrelling.他们每次见面必吵架。
2)There is no general rule without some exception.所有的普遍规律都有例外。
3)One cannot think of Africa without thinking of Egypt,the cradle of ancient civilization,nor ofEgypt without the Nile.每当人们想起非洲,就必然会想到作为古代文明发祥地的埃及,而一想到埃及,就会想到尼罗河。
另外,人们在出版一本书时,总要在前言里对给予帮助的有关人员表示感谢,在这种情况下,汉语一般是正面提,而英语从反面说,常用此结构。
4)This book could not have been written or published without the help of dozens of people,and Iam deeply grateful to all of them.本书得以编写和出版,还由于很多人的大力协助,我对他们深表谢意。
2.cannot...too英语中的“cannot...too”是一种常见的用否定形式表达肯定意义的结构,它相当于“it is impossible toooverdo...”(无论怎样也不为过)。
1)I cannot be too grateful for his help.对于他给予的帮助,我非常感激。
(我无论怎样感激也不为过)2)The value of the information he has provided cannot be overestimated.他提供的信息非常宝贵。
(其价值无论怎样估计也不为过)3)A book may be compared to your neighbor:if it be good,it cannot last too long;if bad,you cannot get rid of it too early.一本书好比你的邻居:如果是本好书,保持的时间越长越好;如果是本坏书,处理得越早越好。
考研英语英译汉技巧
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英译汉技巧以下浅谈英译汉的几点技巧。
第一,翻译时注意英文的句型,英文的句型一般来说有相应的中文译法。
如It的句型的翻译:(1)It is+名词十从句:It is a fact that…事实是……It is a question that………是个问题It is good news that………是好消息it is common knowledge………是常识(2) It is+过去分词十从句:It is said that…据说……It must be pointed out that…必须指出……It is asserted that…有人主张……It is supposed that…据推测……It is believed that…据信……It must be admitted that…必须承认……It is reported that…据报道……It will be seen from ii that…由此可见……It has been proved that…已证明……It is general1y considered that…人们普遍认为……(3)It is+形容词十从句:It is necessary that…有必要……It is likely that…很可能……It is clear that…很清楚……It is important that…重要的是……(4) It+不及物动词十从句:It follows that…由此可见……It happens that…碰巧……It turned out that…结果是……第二,注意英语被动句的翻译。
英文的被动句经常用汉语主动句表达,如:You are requested to give a performance 英文的被动句译成汉语的主动句:请你给我们表演一个节目。
英文中被动意义也可以用汉语中含有主动意义的句子来表达。
考研英语长难句高频常考句型详解附译文
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考研英语长难句高频常考句型详解附译文【2015 年 Text4】1. This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International ,shieldthought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.译文:她认为,这种同样的道德目的缺失正在伤及诸如新闻国际这样的公司,使它更可能如同曾经的大规模非法电话窃听一样误入歧途。
2. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived.译文:其中揭露的惊人真相之一是丽贝卡•布鲁克斯对于其新闻编辑室中所发生的事情知晓的有多么少,她曾想到要设法过问的事情又有多么少,甚至于她从来都没有询问过这些新闻报道到底是怎么来的。
【2016 年 Text1】1. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape -measure they must use to determine their individual worth.译文:它责令时尚业必须对其发送给女性,尤其是十几岁的少女的信号负责,这些信号是她们必须用来衡量自身个人价值的社会尺度。
考研英语翻译必备十大经典句式
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考研英语翻译必备十大经典句式1. leave sb the choice of …or …要么…,要么…(选择类经典句)Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission.敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠,我们要么顽强抵抗,要么屈膝投降。
The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor.年过三十,要么成婚,要么单身。
2. be the instrument of sth 引来某事物的人或事(使动类经典句)能够让你幸福,我愿意付出我的一切。
If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings.3. it was the memory / memories of 追溯到…(回忆类经典句)Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development.追溯到1964年东京及1988年汉城举办的奥运会,可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。
It was the memory of 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki suffered from the attacks of atomic bomb, from which originated the term of “Zero Ground”.追溯到1945年广岛和长崎遭受原子弹攻击,从而形成了“零地带”这个术语。
2023考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文全套
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考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.词汇突破:assert [əˈsɜːt]vt. 维护,坚持;断言;主张;声称purely [ˈpjʊəli]adv. 纯粹地;仅仅,只不过;完全地;贞淑地;清洁地pure [pjʊə(r)]adj. 纯净的;纯粹的;纯的;干净的;完全的;纯真的;清晰的abstract [ˈæbstrækt , æbˈstrækt]adj. 纯理论的;抽象的;抽象派的n. 摘要;抽象;抽象的概念;抽象派艺术作品v. 摘要;提取;抽象化;退出;转移;使心不在焉结构分析:句子的主干结构是:He asserted that 引导的宾语从句。
that 引导的宾语从句的结构是:his power (主语) + was (系动词) + limited (表语),其中不定式to follow ... of thought 做定语修饰从句主语power。
for which reason 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子。
其中,又包含一个由that 引导的宾语从句。
参考译文:他还声称,他在理解一串冗长而纯粹抽象的思想方面的能力非常有限,因此他确信自己在数学方面永远不会取得成功。
He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.词汇突破:compensate [ˈkɒmpenseɪt]vi. 补偿,赔偿;抵消vt. 补偿,赔偿;付报酬intently [ɪnˈtentli]adv. 专心地;一心一意地;心无旁骛地intent [ɪnˈtent]adj. 专心的;坚决的n. 目的,意图结构分析:句子的主干结构是:He (主语) + believes (谓语)。
考研英语翻译常见句型
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英译汉试题中常见的重要短语及典型句型... not so much...... as (but) ... 与其……不如……... not so much that.....as (but) that......与其……不如……... might as well ... as..... 与其……不如……... not so much as..... (= not even) 甚至不……例1:He is not so much a teacher as a scholar.译文:与其说他是老师,还不如说是学者。
(注意翻译时动作的对象)例2:It wasn't so much his appearance I liked as his personality.译文:与其说我喜欢他的外表,不如说我喜欢他的品格。
例3:It's not so much that I don't want to come but I just haven't got the time.译文:倒不是因为我不想来,而是我根本没有时间。
例4:He didn't so much as say thank you after all we'd done for him.译文:我们为他干了那么多事,他甚至连谢谢都没有说一声。
(注意翻译时动作的对象)例5:You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to him.译文:与其将钱借给他,还不如把钱丢进大海。
more ... than ...1) she is more beautiful than her sister.译文:她比她姐姐漂亮。
2) George is more intelligent than aggressive.译文:与其说乔治言行放肆,不如说他聪颖过人。
2020考研英语:俗语英汉互译的解析
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2020考研英语:俗语英汉互译的解析考研英语有许多题目组成,方便大家及时了解,下面由小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语:俗语英汉互译的解析”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语:俗语英汉互译的解析1. Even if the monk can run away, his temple cannot run with him.跑得了和尚,跑不了庙。
2. Even if I were to be beaten to death, I will not tell.打死我也不说。
3. Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.谦虚使人进步,骄傲使人落后。
4. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?冬天来了,春天还会远吗?5. We will not attack unless we are attacked.人不犯我,我不犯人。
6. Wisdom prepares for the worst but folly leaves the worst for the day it comes.聪明人防患于未然,愚蠢者临渴掘井。
7. In the end things will mend.车到山前有路。
8.To die on one's feet is better than to live on one's knees.好死不如赖活。
9.Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。
10.He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后,谁笑得好。
11.Give knaves an inch and they will take a yard.得寸进尺。
12.He that respects others shall likewise be respected.敬人者,人恒敬之。
考研英语:常见翻译语句解析(1)
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考研英语:常见翻译语句解析(1) 考研英语有许多题目组成,方便大家及时了解,下面为你精心准备了“考研英语:常见翻译语句解析(1)”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取的考试资讯!考研英语:常见翻译语句解析(1)They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending.1.重点词汇及短语:invalidate v. 使无效证明(信念或解释)是无效的severe v. 非常严重的困难的take reasonable measures to 采取合理的措施去……warrant n. 令状,许可pending n. 在等待……之际2.句子成分分析:本句是一个由and连接的并列句。
and前面的主干结构为They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections...。
when facing severe, urgent circumstances 是时间状语从句,由于face的逻辑主语与主句主语一致,因此省略主语和系动词,face用现在分词形式。
and之后的句子主干结构为they could take reasonable measures...。
to ensure that...pending是目的状语,that引导的从句作ensure的宾语。
状语从句中的省略原则是:如果从句主语与主句主语一致,或从句的主语是it,可省略从句的连接词、主语和be动词,只保留分词和其它成分,从而使语言更加简洁明了。
考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译anecdote
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考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译1. anecdote['ænikdəut]n. 轶事,趣闻,短故事【真题例句】There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction”between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.(1998考研英语阅读Text 2)参考译文:正如财政部长Robert Rubin所说的,大量有关生产力骤增的商业传奇与统计数据所反映的情况之间存在着“出入”。
2. condition[kən'diʃən]n.条件,状况,环境vt.决定;支配;训练【同义词】state; circumstance[真题例句]Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions.参考译文:死亡是一种正常现象;我们的基因决定我们即使在最理想的环境里也会解体和灭亡。
(2003考研英语阅读text4)3. ditch[ditʃ]n.沟,沟渠,水沟[真题例句]Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print.2016考研英语阅读Test4)参考译文:撇开对纸上油墨和纸页(翻动时发出的)沙沙声的怀旧之情不谈,有充足的原因促使人们放弃印刷品。
4. edit ['edit]v. 编辑,校订[真题例句]The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. (2015考研英语阅读Test4)参考译文:《世界新闻报》的编辑目的不是使读者明白事理,也不是要说几句公道话,或是想揭露普通的人性。
考研英语翻译题技巧大全
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考研英语翻译题技巧大全考研英语翻译题技巧大全考研英语翻译题技巧一、词类转译法由于英语和汉语是两中悬殊甚大的不同的语言体系,所以在语言结构与表达方式上都存在很大的差异,这就要求我们对原文中的一些词语的词性进行转化(如:动词转化为名词,形容词转化为名词等),才能使译文畅通。
例如:The modern world is experiencing rapid development of science and technology.当今世界的科学技术正在迅速地发展。
[分析]将句中的形容词rapid转译为汉语中的副词。
二、增补法有些英语字句如果照字面的意思翻译,意念是不完整的,必须根据意义、修辞或句法的需要增补一些汉语,才能更加忠实于原文,使原文的思想更完整地再现。
例如:We need clean air, but unfortunately, air pollution is generally present, especially in cities.我们需要清新的空气,但遗憾的是,空气污染普遍存在,在城市中尤其如此。
[分析]本句为了避免“尤其是在城市里”的表达不完整,增加了“如此”。
三、省译法由于英语和汉语在用词和语法结构上的差异,原文中的某些词如果直译出来会使译文显得累赘,不符合汉语的表达习惯。
在这种情况下,就要省略一些冠词、代词、介词或连词等省去不译,但是不能影响原文的意义表达。
例如:There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead.天未下雪,但叶落草枯。
[分析]在汉语中“叶落”的概念非常清楚,所以省译了from the trees。
四、顺译法也就是说按照英语表达的层次顺序,依次翻译英语句子,从而使译文与英语原文的顺序基本一致。
例如:He could see that she had been patient all her life, so that now, after years of it, her lips were set in a gentle and saintly smile.他看得出,她一生含辛茹苦,如今苦尽甘来,嘴边总是带着温柔、圣洁的微笑。
2017考研英语:翻译常见句式结构及其翻译
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2017考研英语:翻译常见句式结构及其翻译翻译虽然占的分值不多,但是对阅读和作文的复习都有助益,也可从这两项的复习中得到提高,凯程小编为大家整理了翻译常见的句式结构及其意义,希望大家可以在碰到这些句式的时候熟练作答,在作文中也可熟练应用!下面我们就来总结这样的一些短语和句型等常用结构的,建议大家熟记住这些结构:all but:几乎,差不多as anything:非常地anything but:根本不apart from:除了but for:要不是by far:远不,……得多by no means:根本不by any means:无论如何due to:由于except for:除了far from:远非in contact with:与……联系instead of:而不是on account of:因为on the basis of:根据only to:结果是might/may as well:还是……的好not so much…as:与其说……不如说not really:远不not to mention:更不用说let alone:更不用说no more…than…:和……一样都不no less than:简直是nothing less than:完全是cannot…too…:再……也不过分rather than:而不是owing to:由于It is assumed that:人们认为It is said that:据说It is learned that:据闻It is supposed that:据推测It is considered that:据估计It is believed that:人们认为It is reported that:据报道It is well-known that:众所周知It is asserted that:有人断言It is clear/obvious/evident that:很显然It can’t be denied that:不可否认It must be admitted that:必须承认It must be pointed that:必须指出。
考研英语2018-翻译-中英文句法对比
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5. If you give him an inch, he will take a mile. 得寸进尺。
Conversion
1. Mary was English and French teacher for two years at the Jewish school. 玛丽在那所犹太学校里教过两年英文和法 文。 (changing the part of speech)
5. 语言这个东西不是随便可以学好的,非 下苦功不可。 The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 6. 少说空话,多做工作。 There must be less empty talk and more hard work.
8. Our men had gone quite a distance off before the enemy’s reinforcement troops came up. 我们的队伍已经走得很远了,敌人的增援 部队才赶上来。 英语主从复合句-汉语联合复句)
9. This place is really beautiful, and many people bring their wives and families out here to live. 这地方实在漂亮,所以许多人都把他们的 家小搬来居住。 (英语并列句-汉语偏正复合句)
4. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,笔记使人 准确。 (amplication) 5. Theory is something but practice is everything. 理论固然重要,实践尤其重要。
【海文考研英语】:考研英语翻译之定语从句的翻译
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【海文考研英语】:考研英语翻译之定语从句的翻译自由式定语从句自由式定语从句是指一个句子中两个或两个以上不同成分带定语从句的情况。
这种从句的先行词没有固定模式,在句中充当不同的句子成分,故该结构中的定语从句称为自由式定语从句。
它们拆开来看,其实就是一个一个简单的定语从句,因此,其翻译也和简单的定语从句相同。
Examples:Thus the Arab Umayyed Dynasty of caliphs, which had moved the capital from Medina to Damascus in 661, came to be regarded with much justification as a parasitic clique that had outlived its usefulness once the conquests were completed.Chinese Translation No. 1:人们开始理由充分地认为,阿拉伯麦伍德哈里发王朝阿拉伯伍麦叶里发王朝是征服战争完成后毫无作用的一个寄生集团;该王朝曾于661 年从麦地那迁都大马士革。
Chinese Translation No. 2:阿拉伯麦伍德王朝的统治者们征服了……,于661年将首都从麦地那迁往大马士革,但此后他们便成了不折不扣的寄生虫。
嵌套式定语从句嵌套式定语从句是指一个句子中定语从句套定语从句的情况。
这种结构中的定语从句其实和自由式定语从句基本相似,拆开来也是一个独立的定语从句,只不过一个定语从句在另一个定语从句之中而已。
Examples:Likewise in the east were the Seljuk Turks who had infiltrated from their Central Asian homeland into the Islamic Empire where they were employed as mercenaries by the Baghdad caliphs.Chinese Translation No. 1:同样,在东方是塞尔柱突厥人,他们从家乡中亚进入伊斯兰教帝国;在那里被巴格达哈里发雇为雇佣军。
考研英语翻译法详解
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语态转换详解由于在英汉两种语言当中都有主动和被动两种语态,在英译汉时,人们常常会简单地认为只要按照原句的语态处理就行了。
事实上并非如此。
在英语中被动语态的使用频率要远远高于汉语。
如果一味按照英语的语态来翻译,往往会使译文显得十分别扭,带有明显的翻译腔,甚至出现文理不通的情况。
一、主动句转换成被动句There are more than60,000 prosecutions a year for shoplifting.参考译文:每年有六万多人因在超市偷窃而被起诉。
二、被动句转换成主动句1.转换成含被动义的主动句汉语译文的句型从形式上看是主动语态,但其中被动的含义不言而喻。
在翻译英语被动句时,一般不用改变原句的结构,直接译出即可。
If understanding prevails, UNCTAD is in a position to replace confrontation with agreement; it cannot be put off.参考译文:若能普遍形成谅解,联合国贸发会议就能用协议取代对抗;这项工作不能再拖延下去了。
2.转换成带表语的主动句英语中许多表示某种结果或状态的被动结构一般应转换成汉语的系表结构,把原句中的有关状语或施事方移到汉语的表语之中。
A dialect is known by every linguist in this room.参考译文:有一种方言是在座的每一位语言学家都懂得的。
3.转换成无主句无主句是汉语特有的句子形式,其作用和效果相当于英语中无施事方的被动句,因而可以用来翻译某些英语被动形式。
It must be admitted that only when we get a taste of its abuse will we feel the full meaning of cloning.参考译文:必须承认,只有当我们尝到克隆被滥用的恶果之后,我们才会彻底明白其价值所在。
考研英语翻译需要注意哪些高频句式译法,2篇
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考研英语翻译需要注意哪些高频句式译法,2篇(文档)考研英语翻译需要注意哪些高频句式的译法11.It is in (or with)。
as in (or with)。
It is in life as in a journey. 人生好比旅途。
It is in studying as in eating; he who does it gets the benefits,and not he who sees it done. 读书和吃饭一样,得到利益的是那些实际在吃的人,而不是旁观的人。
It is in mind as in body which must be nourished by good food. 精神和身体都必须有好的食物来营养。
2.as good as / as well asIt is as goos as done. 这就和做好了一样。
It is broad as well as long. 那既长且宽。
(1)as good as 有两个含义:① amounting to ; not falling short of;等于;同样; 几如;; 不欠缺He was as good as his word. 他不爽约。
② virtually; essentially; in every essential respect 实际上;其实;实在;在各要点上He is as good as dead already. 宛如死人;行尸走肉;名存实亡(2)as well as 有四个含义:① no less than; equally with 等于;不下于;亦;一样好I have understanding as well as you.② both。
and。
;one equally with the other“与"、"两者皆"Work in moderation is healthy as well as agreeable to the human constitution. 适度劳动对身体给予快感,又有益卫生。
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【海文考研英语】:十句翻译揭秘考研英译汉之常见句式现象
英译汉是全国研究生入学考试中英语试卷里的考项,满分十分。
该考项的历史可谓悠久。
在考研英语进入人类新纪元后的两次重大变革中仍然被权威专家封为上品没有被PK出局,这本身就体现了其在测试方面的重要作用。
这里,只想为大家呈现十个句子,以便考生在真正备考前练兵。
1、 At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths. A fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.
译文:早期所做的铺设海底电缆的努力均告失败。
当人们取出电缆进行修理时,发现它们已被生物所覆盖。
这个事实否定了科学界关于海洋深处没有生命的看法。
考点分析:本题主要是考查考生对被动语态(was taken out for repai rs…was found to be covered…)以及定语从句(A fact which defied…)和同位语从句(…opinion that there was…)的理解。
考生可以在今后的备考过程中,就翻译一项来说,从寻找句子的谓语入手!毕竟,对于英语的句子来说,谓语应该是非常重要的。
只有抓住了英语句子中的谓语,考生才可能从本质上理解英语的语法。
从而使自己在翻译考项中处乱不惊!而相对独立的同位语从句也是全国研究生入学考试中经常出现的语法现象。
请注意下划线短语的中文翻译方法!
2、 At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and conducts a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state.
译文:在贝丝▪伊兹利尔医院,每位病人都由一位专业护士护理。
这名护士自始至终看护这位病人,并且建立一份从病历到情绪状况的全面健康档案。
考点分析:整个句子不是很长,但是对于每一位考生来说一定不可以大意。
在该句中,大家可以看到仍然是被动语态(…is assigned to…),定语从句(…nurse who……account that…)以及部分短语(at length…)的天下。
其实考生对于整个句子的翻译把握只需要从字面含义上去理解即可。
这样,在平时备考时考生可以将部分不熟悉的短语进行适当地猜测,以增加自己在语境中推测生词意思的能力。
请注意下划线短语的中文翻译方法!
3、 In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition, which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea.
译文:自1872年始,汤姆逊领导了一次科学考察,这次考察进行了四年,从海洋中采集了成千上万的标本。
考点分析:典型的非限定性定语从句的分析。
本句结构仍然属于考研英语备考中的重点。
希望广大考生能够真正地体会定语从句的作用,因为在考研英语的试卷上,大家可以在阅读理解乃至作文中都会遇到使用定语从句的地方。
4、 Clothes which has been worn only a few times has to be put aside because of the changes of fashion.
译文:衣服尽管才穿了没几次,也因款式过时而不得不搁置一边。
考点分析:定语从句的魅力再一次体会了出来!
5、And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who his not had an active mind.
译文:习惯于多动脑筋而不是少动脑筋的人,在进入老年以后,要比从来不积极动脑子的人的认识能力更健全。
考点分析:本句除了定语从句这一考点外,又重新出现了翻译考项经常考的另一个考点,就是比较级(…more cognitively sound than…)以及连词短语(…rather than…)。
考生可以从译文中找到答案。
对于考生来讲,应该从平时做阅读时就能够很好地体会这些语法现象。
请注意下划线短语的中文翻译方法!
6、 Due to its strategic location on the edge of three continents, its acceptance of several of the world’s major religions into mainstream culture, and the fact that the country’s recent history has been shaped by both eastern and western influence, Egypt is often referred to as a crossroads of civilizations.
译文:埃及通常被人们认为是人类文明的重要汇集地,这不仅仅由于它位于三个大陆交汇处的重要的战略性的地理位置,还有就是因为它接纳了世界上主要的宗教作为自己主流的文化,以及其近代历史是被东西方文化的影响而塑造这一事实。
考点分析:本句如果出现在2007年全国研究生入学考试的试卷上,则是一句长难句!考生可以将全句按照标点符号进行划分。
整个句子可以分成由介宾短语所充当的原因状语(Due to…)。
请注意,在这里标准答案所给出的翻译是将原因状语后置了,这种翻译方法是为了突出主句的地位。
在原句上有几个短语被下划线了,请考生具体记忆!
7、Due to the historical influence briefly summarized above, one is tempted to refer to the country’s economy and business culture as a hybrid model.
译文:由于上面简要阐述的历史影响,人们倾向于将这个国家的经济、商业和文化看作一种混合模式。
考点分析:…is tempted to…被诱惑去做,倾向于做。
8、 There are substantial differences between the work culture prevailing in each of the two sectors. Required qualifications and certificates of employees seeking to enter the private sector are higher than those required for the public sector.
译文:在两种形式的每种中普遍存在的工作就业文化里存在着巨大的不同。
对于企图在私营形式中谋求职位的雇员来说,获取资格认证要比在国有形式中的同仁们更重要。
考点分析:考生可以按照顺序译法进行翻译,及从头一个词入手进行。
请注意下划线短语的中文翻译方法!
9、Working hours in the public sector are generally nine till three, with Fridays being the only official day off.
译文:国有形式下的雇员工作时间通常为早上9:00到下午3:00,星期五为唯一的法定公休日。
考点分析:考生请注意在译文中下划线的中文。
这种翻译在考试中我们称作增词法翻译,也就是说下划线的中文在原句中没有出现相应的英文单词。
考生要想在考试翻译中取得好成绩,对要求翻译的语句上下文的体会是非常必要的!这里还有一个重要的语法现象,就是…with n. doing/ being+表语…这个结构是介宾短语。
10、As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation, but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.
译文:宇航员一离开大气层就会暴露在这种辐射之中。
但是他们的宇航服或者飞船的舱壁(如果待在飞船内的话)确实会避免许多辐射的危害。
考点分析:本句考点为插入语(…, if they are inside,…)。
考生要了解这一语法现象。
请注意下划线短语的中文翻译方法!
在仔细体会以上十个句子之后,考生朋友们必须记住:在考试过程中,英译汉应该是大家努力备考的关键!如果考生不能从本质上提高自己的英译汉的能力,那么想要根本地提高自己的阅读水平也将成为一纸空文!祝愿大家新的一年,新的体会!。