常见肾上腺肿瘤的ct诊断与鉴别诊断
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
肾上腺皮质腺瘤(Adrenocortical Adenoma )
CT:平扫为不规则较大肿块,呈侵润性生长,多见斑片样钙化,钙化程度不 同,肿块可见坏死,囊变,出血,常跨越中线向对侧延伸,包绕后腹膜 血管,也可突入胸腔,增强后实质部分不均匀强化。肾脏常被压迫向后 外侧移位。
如实验室检查有尿3-甲氧-4羟杏仁酸(VMA)升高 ,CT征象具有上述任何 一种典型表现就可以考虑肾上腺神经母细胞瘤。
与肾脏关系
与残肾交界面锐利
交界面模糊,境界不清
转移
瘤周组织多成推移表现, 常包埋后腹膜血管,腹膜后淋
腹膜后淋巴结转移少见
巴结转移常见
Here comes your footer Page 9
Your Logo
Here comes your footer Page 10
肾 母 细 胞 瘤
Your Logo
常需与肾母细胞瘤鉴别
Here comes your footer Page 8
Your Logo
生长方式 平扫 增强
肾母细胞瘤
神经母细胞瘤
膨胀性生长,完整假包膜, 生长迅速,多无完整包膜,分
较少分叶
叶常见
密度明显低于肾实质,囊 钙化多见,囊变少 变多见,极少钙化
血供不丰富,不明显强化 较明显强化
2、Pheochromocytomas are paragangliomas arising from the adrenal medulla. They are hormonally active in 90% of cases. Morphologic findings on CT include large variation in size, homogeneity, and margination of the tumors and significant enhancement in most cases.
Here comes your footer Page 4
Your Logo
5-year-old boy, complained with abdominal mass
Here comes your footer Page 5
Your Logo
Here comes your footer Page 6
常见肾上腺肿瘤的CT诊断与 鉴别诊断
CT Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Common Adrenal Tumors
Ihr Logo
球状带:盐皮质激素(醛固酮)
{ 肾上腺皮质从外向里分为 束状带:糖皮质激素(皮质醇)
网状带:性激素(脱氢雄酮、雌二醇)
Your Logo
增强扫描延迟期,肿瘤呈向心性强化,强化区 密度高于背部肌肉组织
Here comes your footer Page 14
Your Logo
病 例 2
左侧肾上腺可见一软组织块影,密度均匀,边界清晰, 其内可见斑点状低密度血管影(箭),CT值约25 HU,胰 腺尾部前移。
Here comes your footer Page 15
肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤(Pheochromocytomas )
Mean age of Pheochromocytomas is 30 to 50 years old, there’s no great difference in the sex of patients. 1、Pheochromocytomas are sometimes called the 10% tumor. Because they are associated with a 10% risk of malignancy, 10% of the tumors are bilateral, 10% are hormonally inactive and 10% are extra-adrenal.
3、Usually, tumors are larger than 3 cm when seen. They are highly vascular, and larger tumors are prone to hemorrhage and necrosis, even when they are benign.
Your Logo
Here comes your footer Page 7
Your Logo
神经母细胞瘤(Adrenal Neuroblastoma)
儿童腹膜后最常见的实体性恶性肿瘤之一,多在5岁内发病,肾上腺为其主要 发病部位。临床症状不典型,常以“腹部包块”就诊。85%-90%患儿尿中VMA↑
Your Logo
动脉期肿瘤明显强化,可见肿瘤供血血管(箭)。
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
Here comes your footer Page 16
Your Logo
静脉期强化稍下降,可见斑点状低密度坏死未强化区(白 箭)和肿瘤内血管影(黑箭)。
Here comes your footer Page 17
Your Logo
肾上腺素:心跳加快,收缩加强
肾上腺髓质主要分泌{
去甲肾上腺素:小动脉平滑肌收缩
Here comes your footer Page 2
Your Logo
正常肾上腺CT表现
1、位置:位于两侧肾脏上方,约T11、T12椎体水平。 2、形态:多为倒V形或倒Y形。 3、大小:正常侧枝厚度<10mm(不超过同层膈肌脚)
Here comes your footer Page 11
Your Logo
病 例
1
平扫,肿瘤呈类圆形,不均匀低 密度,有明显包膜
Here comes your footer Page 12
Your Logo
增强扫描动脉期,肿瘤呈明显结节状,显著强化
Here comes your footer Page 13
面积<150mm2。
4、密度:均匀软组织密度,30-50HU,不能分辨皮髓 质。
5、增强:均匀强化,仍不能分辨皮髓质。
Here comes your footer Page 3
Your Logo
Contents
1、神经母细胞瘤 2、嗜铬细胞瘤 3、转移瘤 4、皮质腺瘤 5、皮质腺癌 6、髓样脂肪瘤