英语句子结构_ppt

5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
We made him our monitor. The manager thinks the plan practical. He will have his bike repaired. I won’t have you speaking to your mother like that.
5) 宾补（objective complement） 补充说明宾语的情况 。 由n. /adj. /介宾 /分词 /不定式等担任。 They made him‹ king. › I consider the book ‹ too expensive. › 6) 定语（attributive） 对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子， 汉语中常用‘……的’表示,通常位于被修饰的成分前。
句子的分类
简单句: 只包含一个主谓结构的句子. 并 列 句 : 主 谓 结 构 + 连 词 (and, but, so, or……) +主谓结构 (或更多的主谓结构) 复合句: 引导词+主谓结构, 主谓结构 (从句) 句)
(主
五种基本的简单句 1.主语+不及物动词
Birds fly.
Buses run from dawn till midnight.
I am very sorry. We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher .
（从句作时间状语)
句子类型
简单句 并列句 复合句
Ⅰ.简单句
1. Things changed. 2. Trees are green. 3. We don’t beat children. 4. He gave his sister the piano.
3) 宾语从句 * I understand that he is well qualified.
* He said that he didn’t like her.
* I don’t know if you can help me.
4) 同位语从句
* Where did you get the idea
常用的关联词有：because, as, since
4) 结果状语从句
I was in the bath so that I didn’t hear the telephone.
常用的关联词有：so, so that, such that, that
5) 目的状语从句 I’ll show you so you will see how it’s done.
He knocked at the door; there was no answer.
You’re alive! And she’s dead.
Ⅲ.复合句
主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句
名词性从句
状语从句 定语从句
He said that he didn’t like her. A plane is a machine that can fly.
The(black) bike is mine.
说明1：当定语修饰不定代词如：nothing , anything , everything , something 等时，定语要放在其后作后置定语 我告诉他一些有趣的事情。 I tell him something interesting . 说明2：不定式、短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。 这间屋子里的男孩子们是10班的。 The boys in the room are in Class Ten.
写一个完整的句子
这几句是正确的句子吗? 如果你认为 有误, 该怎么改?
last 1.The meeting will until 3:00. and ^ 2.Work hard, you will succeed. ^ 3.I have a brother, who is a doctor. 4. There are only 4 students take part in the ^ class. who taking/to take
常用的关联词有：so, so that, as far as, so long as
名词性从句
1) 主语从句
* What he said is not known. * That we shall be late is certain. * It is certain that we shall be late. * How strange it is that the children are
状语从句
分为九类：时间、地点、原因、结果、 目的、条件、让步、方式、程度 1) 时间状语从句 Wait until you are called. When spring came, leaves turn green.
常用的关联词有：as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等
7) 状语（adverbial）
用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置灵活。通常在句子基本结构 之后，强调时放在句首； 修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前； 表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句 首， 一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副 词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。
that与what都可以引导名词性从句。 what在从句中充当句子成份（主,宾,表）。 That在句中只起连接作用，不充当成份。 that在引导名词性从句时不可省略（宾语从句除外）.
引导词that & what
That is what he wants to buy. That we shall be late is certain. He said (that) he didn’t like her.
2) 地点状语从句 Put it where you found it. Sit down wherever you like.
常用的关联词有：where, wherever, anywhere
3) 原因状语从句 As I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman
Grammar
sentences
• • • • • • •
12months: (Abb.) January (Jan.) February (Feb.) March (Mar.) April (Apr.) May (May.) June (Jun.)
July (Jul.) August (Aug.) September (Sep.) October (Oct.) November (Nov.) December (Dec.)
so quiet!
百度文库）表语从句
* That is what he wants to buy.
* The problem is that who we can
get to replace her?
* The reason is that he has lied to
me several times.
句子成份
★ 句子一般由两个部分组成：
主语部分（ subject group） 谓语部分（ predicate group）
★ 句子成份： 主· 谓· 宾· 表 定· 状· 补
写作训练的思路
句子的完整
写一完整的句子:
句子的连贯
句子的简洁
句子的多样化
设计一个段落: 主题句, 扩展句, 结论句 基础写作 读写任务
主 + 谓 + 宾 主 + 谓 + 表 主 + 谓
5. I found the book‹easy. ›
主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补
主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
Practice
Nobody went. She became a doctor. The car caught fire. I will write you a long letter. I will let him‹ go. ›
主 + 谓 + 宾 主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 + 宾补 主 + 谓 + 宾 主 + 谓 + 表 主 + 谓
Ⅱ.并列句
This is me and these are my friends.
They must stay in water, or they will die. It’s not cheap, but it is very good. It was late, so I went to bed.
that I couldn’t come?
* The question who should do the work
requires consideration. * Mother made a promise that she would buy me a new coat.
注意！
* * * *
除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词， 1)表感官的动词: feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。 2) 表转变变化的动词: become, get, grow, turn, go,等 3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。
The boy needs a pen.
2) 谓语（predicate） 说明主语的动作或状态。由 动词 担任。常置于主语后。 The train leaves at 6 o’clock. I want a ticket.
3) 宾语（object） 表示vt.的动作对象或prep.所联系的对象。 由n.或相当于n.的词担任。置于vt.或prep.后。 He won the game. On the desk Tome lost his life in the big fire. 4) 表语（predicative） 用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。 由n.或adj.担任。置于系动词之后。 He is a student.
Members of sentence:
S --- subject 主·
P --- predicative 表 O --- object
宾·
Attri.---attribute 定·
Adv.--- adverb
状·
Oc --- object complement 补
1) 主语（subject） 句子的主体，全句述说的对象。一般由 名词,主格代词 担任,常置于句首。 ,动词不定式,动名词 或从句 I like football.
常用的关联词有：so, so that, in order that
6) 条件状语从句
If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
常用的关联词有：if, unless, in case that, on condition that…
7) 让步状语从句 Though I’m fond of music,I can’t play any instrument.
We are studying hard.
2. 主语+及物动词+宾语
We have read many books.
They do shopping at the weekend.
We are learning English.
3. 主语+系动词+表语 4. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
He gave Tom a present. He offered me a job. We are students. He became a scientist. That sounds good.
常用的关联词有：though, although, if even if, even though,
8) 方式状语从句
He did just as you told him.
常用的关联词有：as, as if, as though, how
9) 程度状语从句 So long as you need me, I’ll stay.