高中英语句子成分和结构讲解课件(共31张PPT)

5. S+V+O+C
The war made him a soldier. New methods make the job easy.
Tips： 宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系
Practice a. Ｓ Ｖ b. Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ c. Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ d. Ｓ Ｖ Ｏｏ e. Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ
1. Please tell us a story. _______ d
那人是我的老师，他从来都不骑自行车．
The man, my teacher, never rides a bike.
当两个同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用 来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语。
八. 状语:(adverbial)
状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分；按 用途分，可分为时间，地点，原因，结果，目的，条件， 让步，程度，方式，伴随状况等。
英语句子成分与结构
Noun / Pronoun / The + adj V-ing / Clause / Infinitive Vi
noun 谓 宾语(直) 宾语(间) adj. / adv. Vt 语 宾语 宾补 infinitive V-ing 表语 系动词 V-ed noun etc. Noun / Pronoun pronoun The + adj adj. / adv. be / feel / seem / look V-ing / Clause infinitive appear / stand / lie Infinitive V-ing / V-ed become /get / grow / turn clause go / come / remain/ keep etc. taste / smell etc.
consolidation
指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1. The students got on the school bus.
2. He handed me the newspaper.
3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to train swimmers.
谓语
The weather is very nice today.
谓语
He looked up the word in the dictionary.
谓语
(三)宾语（ object ）
动作的对象或承受者，由n.或相当于n.的词担任。
及物动词 或______ 介词 之后。 置于_________
How many do you want? - I want two. (数词) They sent the injured to hospital. (名词化的形容词)
宾语
主 语
Members of a sentence
• • • • • • • • 主语 subject 谓语 predicate 宾语 object 表语 predicative 宾补 complement 定语 attribute 状语 adverbial 同位语 appositive
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 主 谓 定 宾 同 状 语 语 语 语 位 语 语
⑤表目的:in
order to, in order that, for the purpose
为了考入一个更好的学校，我必须更加努力．
In order to get into a better school, I must study even harder .
⑥
表条件: as/so long as, if, unless,
只要努力学习，你就会取得好成绩．
As long as you study hard, you can get a high mark.
⑦表让步:
in spite of, despite, although, though
他虽然不认识我，但却帮了我．
He helped me although he didn’t know me. ⑧表程度: very, enough, to some extent…
③
表原因: because, as, for, since…
他因为生病所以今天没有去上学． Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school today.
④
表结果：to+do, v+ing, 从句
那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了．
The boy fell off the tree, striking his head against the ground.
Five basic sentence pattern 英语五大基本句型
• 一: Ｓ Ｖ (主＋谓)
• 二: Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ (主＋系＋表) • 三: Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ (主＋谓＋宾) • 四: Ｓ Ｖ Ｏｏ (主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾) • 五: Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ (主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)
1.Ｓ＋Ｖ(主＋谓)
Ｖ是不及物动词
with
画出下列句子的状语
• • • • • • • • • • I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that I missed the train. I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died, leaving him an orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness.
连系动词 2.表状态变化的动词 (get/become/turn/keep/remain/stay) 3.感官动词(look, smell, hear, feel…) My sister is a nurse. +表语
She got angry.
（六）宾语补足语 （object complement）
• 1.你的故事听起来很有趣。
• 2.我感到有一点累。 • 3.我ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้妹是在农村长大的。
主
主 + 主
She became a doctor. The car caught fire.
+ 谓 + 主 + 系 + 表 宾
+
谓
I will write you a long letter.
谓 +间接宾语 +直接宾语
主 + 谓 +宾 + 宾补
I will let him ‹ go. ›
Translate the following sentences into English
那里的风景非常漂亮．
The scenery there is very beautiful.
⑨
表方式: like that, as, as if…
不要那样看我．
Don’t look at me like that!
⑩
表伴随状况：
老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书．
The teacher came into the classroom, catching a book in his hand.
They asked to see my passport. （不定式） I enjoy working with you. （动名词） Did you write down what he said? （句子）
He gave me some books.
↓ 间接 宾语 ↓ 直接 宾语
通常情况下，指物的叫直接宾语，指人的叫间 接宾语。间接宾语多放在直接宾语之前。
3. S+V+O (V是及物动词)
例如： 1. I saw a film yesterday.
2. They built a house last year.
3. You should look after your children well.
4. S+V+O1+O2 (V是及物动词)
在此句式中，V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的 带有双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get, rob, warn等。 例： she ordered herself a new dress. she cooked her husband a delicious meal.
2. She smiled. ______ a
b 3. His job is to train swimmers. _____ e 4. He noticed a man enter the room. _____ c 5. Please look at the picture. _____
Nobody went.
㈠主语（subject）
句子说明的人或事物, 主语一般位于______ 句首 。
Lily llikes her new bike. To learn English well is not easy.