自学英语语法从入门到精通60讲系列

语法从入门到精通60讲

语法就是一栋大厦的地基，没有语法，不理解，也记不住，学习英语就是裸奔的感觉，所以要打基础。掌握好语法才能在阅读和听力中进行正确的断句、进行正确的成分剖析，然后才能做出正确的理解。

本轮课程旨在帮助大家清晰准确的掌握语法知识，辨析语法概念，梳理语法系统的脉络，进而夯实英语学习的地基，后边还有重点、难点语法知识，慢慢实现从入门到精通的过程。

第一部分是初级语法课程（lesson 1 to lesson 30），第二部分是中高级语法课程（lesson31 to lesson 60）

Lesson1

课前练习:

(1) As we have finished the first

chapter, now we will read_____.

A) second B）second chapter C) the second chapter

(2) _____honesty is the best policy.

A) 不一填

B) The

C) A

定冠词&不定冠词&零冠词

概念剖析：

不定冠词：a/an,可视为one (―个）的弱化形式，表述数量，或者泛指任何一个。

a book

an apple

A fox cannot hide its tail.

概念剖析:

零冠词：当某一名词是复数、专有名词或没有固定形状（抽象名词、物质名词），前面不适合加a/an,应把该位置空下来，形成“零冠词”。

Books are my best friends.

Luxun is a great Chinese writer.

Honesty is the best policy.

Water is precious.

概念剖析:

定冠词：the,可视为that或those的弱化形式；that/those有明确的指示功能；the也同样

如此。如果对于某个名词有明指或暗示的情况，前面要加the。

This is the book that I want.

Open the door please.

用法解析：(1)定冠词vs不定冠词

I need a book to read on my trip.

I have finished the book that you lent me.

Do you mind if I open the window?

Do you mind if I open a window?

用法解析：(2)定冠词VS零冠词

History is my favorite subject.

The history of China is my favorite subject.

China is a great country.

This is not the China 50 years ago.

用法解析：(3)零冠词VS不定冠词

Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. (beauty在此意为“美丽”，是抽象名词) She is a beauty. (beauty在此意为“美人”，是具体名词)

Experience is the best teacher.

an unusual experience

I have finished the book you lent me.

Lesson2 五种简单句

翻译：

1. 帝国衰落了。

2. 我昨天看了一部电影。

3. 鲱鱼罐头很难吃。

4. 老人家正给孩子们讲故事。

5. 他把房子刷了成红色。

1. The empire fell.

2. I watched a movie yesterday.

3. Sour herring tastes terrible.

4. The old man is telling the kids a story.

5. He painted the house red.

Match the sentences that share the same structures.

1.I saw a white-haired man.

2.I replied.

3.He gave me a smile.

4.I breathed deeply.

5.I looked at them in panic.

6.I was embarrassed.

7.His words made me a lot more relaxed!

A.He was friendly

B.The exam made me quite nervous.

C.I passed him a book.

D.She agreed.

E.He wrote a long letter.

F.He talked loudly.

G.She looked after her sister patiently.

语法解读：

1.主语+谓语

She arrived.

主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物（动作的发出者），通常由名词、代词、不定式、动名词充当。

Walking is a good form of exercise.

(动名词--抽象概念）

To teach the three kids is my job this afternoon.

(不定式--具体动作）

谓语：描述主语发出的动作，可以有不同的时态；“主谓结构”当中，谓语通常是不及物动词。（不带宾语，单独构成完整含义。）

The empire fell.

I apologize.

A problem arises.

语法解读：

2.主语+谓语+宾语

She likes English.

宾语：表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，通常由名词、代词、不定式、动名词充当。

I watched a movie yesterday.(名词）

They helped me.(代词）

It began to rain.(不定式）

I enjoy playing games.(动名词）

语法解读：

3.主语+系动词+表语

She is happy.

表语：它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。可以由形容词、名词、不定式、分词、介词短语充当。

He is a teacher.(名词）

He became angry.(形容词）

His job is to clean the window.(不定式）

His job is cleaning the window.(动名词）

He is at work.(介词短语）

系动词：不是一个具体的动作，而是连接主体和其状态的特殊动词。

You look beautiful.

The music sounds good.

语法解读：

4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

She lent me a book.

直接/间接宾语：如果一个谓语动词后面跟了两个宾语，该动词的直接对象是直接宾语；间接对象是间接宾语。