国贸实务

More or less clause: The more or less clause is a clause which stipulates that the quantity delivered can be more or less within certain extent. It is often used in the trading of agricultural or mineral products. The most commonly used way is allowing some percentage more or less.

Documents against acceptance: D/A calls for delivery of documents against acceptance of the draft drawn by the seller. In D/A terms the collecting bank is permitted to release the documents to the buyer against acceptance of a bill of exchange.

Documents against payment: D/P calls for actual payment against the transfer of documents. In D/P term, the collecting bank releases the documents to buyer only upon full and immediate cash payment.

Offer: An offer is a promise conditioned on acceptance which, no matter whether from a seller or a buyer, must be communicated to the offeree and must clearly undertake a performance definite as to all essential terms.

Counter Offer: is reply to an offer in which contains additions, limitations or other modifications. Counter offer is a rejections of the offer and therefore constitutes a new offer. Once a counter-offer is made, the original offer made by the offeror loses it’s effectiveness.

Processing and assembling trade : Processing and assembling trade refers to the business activity of importing all or part of the raw and auxiliary materials, parts and components, accessories, and packaging materials from abroad, and exporting the finished products after processing or assembly.

Ocean (Marine) bill of lading is a document issued by a carrier which is evidence of receipt of the goods, and is a contract of carriage. It describes the goods, the details of the intended voyage, and it specifies the conditions of transportation.

Enquiry is a document issued by a party interested in the purchase of goods specified therein and indicating particular, desirable conditions regarding delivery terms, etc., addressed to a prospective supplier with a view to obtaining an offer. Acceptance: Acceptance is a final and unqualified expression of assent to the terms of an offer.

Fairs and sales is a trade means that combines the fair or exhibition with sales. The seller can sell goods on fairs or exhibitions.

Transport packing is also called big or outer packing. It means that we put the individual or several commodities into container during the process of transport. Its main functions are to protect goods, and make the goods easy to store and ship. Selling packing: is also called small or inner or immediate packing. It’s mainly used to protest products, make the products convenient to use, and to promote sales. Distribution is a kind of international trade forms that based on a certain agreement. The seller (the supplier) authorizes the rights of purchase, sale and allocation to the buyer (the distributor) within specific areas or regions and periods.

The multimodal transport document (MTD) is a document which evidences the combined transport contract and indicates that the multimodal transport operator shall take over the goods and shall be responsible for delivering the goods according to the clauses in the contract.