第二讲 非谓语动词 考点二

第二讲非谓语动词

考点二作状语

（一）不定式作状语

1. 作目的状语。表示“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加in order 或so as, 但so as to不能置于句首。

In order to support his family, he began to plant vegetables.

为了养家，他开始种植蔬菜。

2. 作结果状语。不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果，常用语下列结构中：only to do表示意想不到的结果，enough to do足够做……，too… to do太……而不能……，so/such…as to…如此……以至于……。

Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to find his plane high up in the sky.

汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。

3. 作原因状语。表示喜怒哀乐等的形容词作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因，常用于这类结构的形容词有sorry, excited, surprised, disappointed, glad, happy, anxious, pleased, foolish等。

Maggie was glad to be home in her own bed.

玛吉回到家躺在自己的床上，觉得非常高兴。

【对点演练】

1.用所给单词的正确形式填空

（1）_________ (increase) levels of community service, some schools have launched volunteer programs. （2）He is old enough ________ (go) to school.

（3）We were astonished __________ (find) the temple still in its original condition.

参考答案：（1）To increase （2）to go （3）to find

2.单句改错

（1）The bus stopped so as pick up passengers.

（2）We hurried to the classroom only to found none there.

（3）She was surprised see him.

参考答案：（1）pick前加to （2）found-find （3）see前加to

（二）分词作状语

分词包括现在分词和过去分词，现在分词表示的动作与句子主语是逻辑上的主动关系，且含有进行的意义；过去分词表示的动作与句子主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，且含有完成的意义。

Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.（作时间状语）这个句子被译成英语后，我们发现它有一个完全不同的语序。

Not knowing (=Because he didn’t know) how much longer he could last, Nick did the only thing he could-he huddled in his cave and slept.（作原因状语）

因为不知道还能维持多久，尼克只能做一件事-蜷缩在他的山洞里睡觉。

Used (=if it was used) with care, one tin will last for six weeks. （作条件状语）

如果小心使用，一罐可以用六个星期。

More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.（作结果状语）

中国已经建成更多的公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易。

Using his skis, Nick built a snow cave.（作方式状语）

尼克用他的滑雪板建了一个雪洞。

Do you wake up every morning feeling energetic and ready to start a new day?（作伴随状语）

你每天早上醒来的时候是否都会感到精力充沛，准备好开始新的一天？

Knowing (=Though they knew) all this, they asked him to write down what happened.（作让步状语）

尽管了解这一切，他们还是叫他把发生的事写下来。

[点津] 1.把握前后主语一致性，区别现在分词与过去分词

2.不定式作结果状语为意想不到的结果；现在分词作结果状语为顺理成章的结果

【对点演练】

1.用所给单词的正确形式填空

（1）______ (Lose) in the forest, you should first of all remain where you are, waiting for help to come. （2）____________ (Believe in) your brother, I asked him to do an important job.

（3）________ (Give) the chance, I would work in the countryside.

（4）Their car was caught in a traffic jam, _________ (cause) the delay.

（5）The old lady stood by the door, _______ (look) out and feeling sad.

（6）________ (Know) all this, they made me pay for the damage.

参考答案：（1）Lost （2）Believing in （3）Given （4）causing （5）looking

（6）Knowing/Though they knew

2.单句改错

（1）See from above, the park looks even more beautiful.

（2）Serious injuring, she had to be taken to hospital.

（3）Work hard, you’ll succeed.

（4）Her husband died in 1998, leave her with five children.

（5）Follow by the famous detective Holmes, the lady returned home.

（6）Admit what she said, I still think that she has not tried her best.

参考答案：（1）See-Seen （2）injuring-injured （3）Work-Working （4）leave-leaving （5）Follow-Followed （6）Admit-Admitting