英文糖尿病PPT课件

6. Somatostatinoma
7. Aldosteronoma
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7. Others
Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(2)
D. Endocrinopathies
1. Acromegaly
2. Cushing’s syndrome
3. Glucagonoma
4. Pheochromocytoma
5. Hyperthyroidism
.
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Classification (1)
Type 1 diabetes
β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute deficiency
<1>Immune-mediated diabetes <2>Idiopathic diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
A. immune mediated
B. Idiopathic
II.Type 2diabetes ( may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to a predominantly secretory defect with insulin resistance )
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Symptoms
Polyuria Polydipsia (thirst) Weight loss Weakness Polyphagia Blurred vision Recurrent infection Impairment of growth
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Criteria for diagnosis of diabetes (WHO1999)
Diabetes Mellitus
Zhao-xiaojuan
.
1
Introduction
Diabetes mellitus
is a heterogeneous group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
5. Others
C. Diseases of the exocrine pancreas
1. Pancreatitis
2. Trauma / pancreatectomy
3. Neoplasia
4. Cystic fibrosis
5. Hemochromatosis
6. Fibrocalculous pancreatopathy
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Introduction
The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes
is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels.
Symptoms of diabetes +
Casual plasma glucose ≥ 11.1mmol/l(200mg/dl)
Or
FPG ≥ 7.0mmol/l (126mg/dl)
Or
2-hPG ≥ 11.1mmol/l
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Diagnostic Criteria WHO1999
IGT -FPG<7mmol/L -2-h PG≥7.8mmol/L and <11.1mmol/L
III.Other specific types
A. genetic defects of -cell function
1. Chromosome 12, HNF-1 (MODY3)
2. Chromosome 7, glucokinase (MODY2)
3. Chromosome 20, HNF-4 (MODY1)
Other specific types of diabetes
Due to other causes, e.g.,genetic defects in insulin action, diseases of the exocrine pancreas, drug or chemical induced
Ranging from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to predominantly an insulin secretory defect with insulin resistance
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Classification (2)
IFG -FPG≥6.1mmol/L and <7.0mmol/L
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Laboratory Findings
Urinary glucose Urinary ketone Blood glucose (FPG and 2-hPG) HbA1c and FA(fructosamine) OGTT Insulin / CP releasing test
4. Mitochondrial DNA
5. Others
B. Genetic defects in insulin action
1. Type A insulin resistance
2. Leprechaunism
3. Rabson- Mendenhall syndrome
4. Lipoatrophic wenku.baidu.comisease
Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)
diagnosed during pregnancy
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Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(1)
I.Type 1diabetes ( -cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency )