英文糖尿病PPT课件
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英文版2型糖尿病
It is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for approximately 9095% of all diabetes cases
Type 2 diabetes stylishly develops gradually over time and is often associated with objectiistory
Incremental tiger desert eating
Weight loss
Despit increased appearance, weight may decrease due to the body's inability to use glucose property
Fatigue
Feeling tired and lethargic due to lake of energy production from glucose
Blurred vision
High blood sugar levels can cause temporary changes in vision
Diagnostic Criteria and Procedures
Fasting blood glucose test
Oral glucose tolerance test
Insulin Therapy and Other Treatments
Adaptive Therapy Comprehensive therapies such as acquisition, yoga, or treatment may be used along with side traditional treatments to help manage stress and improve overall well being However, these should be discussed with a healthcare provider to ensure they are safe and appropriate for each individual case
Type 2 diabetes stylishly develops gradually over time and is often associated with objectiistory
Incremental tiger desert eating
Weight loss
Despit increased appearance, weight may decrease due to the body's inability to use glucose property
Fatigue
Feeling tired and lethargic due to lake of energy production from glucose
Blurred vision
High blood sugar levels can cause temporary changes in vision
Diagnostic Criteria and Procedures
Fasting blood glucose test
Oral glucose tolerance test
Insulin Therapy and Other Treatments
Adaptive Therapy Comprehensive therapies such as acquisition, yoga, or treatment may be used along with side traditional treatments to help manage stress and improve overall well being However, these should be discussed with a healthcare provider to ensure they are safe and appropriate for each individual case
糖尿病基础知识英文课件
CHAPTER 03
Diagnosis and treatment of diabetes
Diagnostic criteria for diabetes
Random (casual) blood glucose level
A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher with symptoms of diabetes such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss also indicates diabetes.
Insulin Deficiency or Resistance
In Type 1 diabetes, there is a significant reduction in insulin production by the pancreas, while in Type 2 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to insulin, leading to inadequate glucose uptake and utilization.
An HbA1c of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes. This test measures the average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months.
Treatment of diabetes
01 02 03
Comorbidities and complications
Diabetes can lead to various serious health complications, including cardiovascular diseases, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, nerve damage, and amputations.
糖尿病(全英文版)Diabetes Mellitus幻灯片PPT
Stage 4: progressive dysfunction of beta cells Stage 5: clinical diabetes Stage 6: beta cells of the clients who have
longtime diabetes are damaged thoroughly, blood insulin level is very low
Type 2 diabetes
genetics emotivity hyperinsulinism and (or) insulin
resistance impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) clinical diabetes
Other types
include beta cell genetic defects, endocrinopathies, and drug or chemicalinduced diabetes
hyperglycemia, fat metabolism disorder
▪ Nursing diagnosis 4: potential complications
hypoglycemia
▪ Nursing diagnosis 5: potential complications DKA,
hyperosmolar coma
Activity: aerobic exercise
Oral glucose-lowering agents: sulfonylurea,
biguanides, glucosidase
Insulin therapy
Insulin Therapy
▪ notice
糖尿病全英文课件(共23张PPT)可编辑全文
foot disease
infection
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
Sensory neuropathy
Autonomic neuropathy
Motor neuropathy
Gastroparesis
Bladder neuropathy
Diarrhea or Constipation
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Oral Medications
[stimulating the pancreas produce more insulin ]
oral glucose ≥11.1
tolerance test ≥ 7.8 and ＜11.1
＜7.8
diagnose
diabetes
Gestational diabetes absence of insulin
Use of alcohol
Sulfonylureas Biguanides being a member of a high-risk group
Other types
Types
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
1 accompanied with symptoms Sulfonylureas complications Differences between type1 and type2
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Sulfonylureas
Thiazolidinediones insufficient insulin Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms life depends on insulin.
糖尿病诊断及治疗英文版护理课件
Diabetic patients should increase their intake of fiber rich foods, such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, to help
control blood glucose levels
Exercise therapy
• Fasting blood glucose (FBG) test: patients fast overnight and blood glucose levels are measured in the morning before breakfast
• Random blood glucose test: Blood glucose levels are measured at any time of the day when symptoms are present
Other treatment methods
Psychological counseling
Diabetic patients may experience anxiety and depression due to the chronic nature of the disease Psychological counseling can help them better scope with the disease
• Self monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG): patients measure their own blood glucose levels at regular intervals throughout the day using blood glucose meters
control blood glucose levels
Exercise therapy
• Fasting blood glucose (FBG) test: patients fast overnight and blood glucose levels are measured in the morning before breakfast
• Random blood glucose test: Blood glucose levels are measured at any time of the day when symptoms are present
Other treatment methods
Psychological counseling
Diabetic patients may experience anxiety and depression due to the chronic nature of the disease Psychological counseling can help them better scope with the disease
• Self monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG): patients measure their own blood glucose levels at regular intervals throughout the day using blood glucose meters
糖尿病PCI治疗 英文ppt
PCI in Diabetic Patients
• Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and its Associated Costs? • What are the Distinctive Features About Diabetic Vessels? • What is the Impact of Drug Eluting Stent in Diabetic Patients with CAD? • How Should we Optimize Treatment Strategies Following PCI in Diabetic Patients?
PCI in Diabetic Patients
Prevalence of DM Among US Adults
National estimates on diabetes in the US in 2002 •Total: 18.2 million people (6.3% of the population) •Approximately 90% of patients with diabetes have the type 2 variety which is associated with excess body fat and physical inactivity.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention In Diabetic Patients
S. Chiu Wong MD, FACC Associate Professor of Medicine Weill Medical College of Cornell University Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratories The New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell Campus
糖尿病酮症酸中毒 英文PPT
Introduction
DKA is a syndrome in which insulin deficiency and glucagon excess combine to produce a hyperglycemic, dehydrated,acidotic patient with profound electrolyte imbalance
Etiology
DKA may be caused by cessation of insulin intake or by physical or emotional stress despite continued insulin therapy. Most often, DKA occurs in patients with type 1 diabetes and is associated with inadequate administration of insulin, infection,or myocardial infarction (MI). DKA can also occur in type 2 patients and may be associated with any type of stress, such as sepsis or gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding
↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ →
↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
↑ → ↓ ↓ ↓
↓ → ↑ ↑ ↑
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology
• • Insulin deficiency and glucagon elevation results in hyperglycemia,which in turn cause glycosuria Glucose in the renal tubules draws water, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, and other ions from the circulation into the urine This osmotic diuresis combined with poor intake and vomiting produces the profound dehydration and electrolyte imbalance associated with DKA As a result of acidosis and dehydration,however, the initial reported values for these electrolytes may be higher than actual body stores.
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
(may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to a predominantly secretory defect with or without insulin resistance)
few
less then type 2 DM leading cause of death
low or lack
usually + insulin dependence
FPG FPG
(mmol/L)
DM
7.0
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱIFG
IG
6.1
T
NGT
IGT
7.8 11.1
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
75gOGTT 2hPG
(mmol/L)
Comparison of type 1 and type 2 DM
Usual age of onset Mode of onset weight
symptoms
Other specific types Gestational diabetes**
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
Other specific types
Genetic defects of beta-cell function Genetic defects in insulin action Diseases of the exocrine pancreas Endocrinopathies Drug- or chemical-induced Infections Uncommon forms of immune-
Type 2 DM：amyloidosis of pancreas
few
less then type 2 DM leading cause of death
low or lack
usually + insulin dependence
FPG FPG
(mmol/L)
DM
7.0
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱIFG
IG
6.1
T
NGT
IGT
7.8 11.1
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
75gOGTT 2hPG
(mmol/L)
Comparison of type 1 and type 2 DM
Usual age of onset Mode of onset weight
symptoms
Other specific types Gestational diabetes**
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
Other specific types
Genetic defects of beta-cell function Genetic defects in insulin action Diseases of the exocrine pancreas Endocrinopathies Drug- or chemical-induced Infections Uncommon forms of immune-
Type 2 DM：amyloidosis of pancreas
糖尿病全英文课件(医学PPT课件)
Diabetes in Adults )
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
About Type 2 diabetes
insufficient insulin Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia X Syndrome
insulin resistance hyperlipidimia hypertension obesity(apple figure) coronary heart disease
over 4 kg birth, or have had gestational diabetes having high cholesterol or other fats in the blood having hypertension or heart disease
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
Types
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Ⅲ、Diagnosis and Treatment
Risk factors for developing diabetes
being age 45 or over being overweight being a member of a high-risk group having close relatives with diabetes having given birth to a baby that weighed
foot disease
infection
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
Sensory neuropathy
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
About Type 2 diabetes
insufficient insulin Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia X Syndrome
insulin resistance hyperlipidimia hypertension obesity(apple figure) coronary heart disease
over 4 kg birth, or have had gestational diabetes having high cholesterol or other fats in the blood having hypertension or heart disease
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
Types
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Ⅲ、Diagnosis and Treatment
Risk factors for developing diabetes
being age 45 or over being overweight being a member of a high-risk group having close relatives with diabetes having given birth to a baby that weighed
foot disease
infection
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
Sensory neuropathy
糖尿病全英文课件(医学课件)
2023糖尿病全英文课件(医学课件)汇报人：contents •糖尿病概述•糖尿病的危害与并发症•糖尿病的治疗与管理•糖尿病的预防与健康管理•糖尿病患者教育及心理疏导•总结与展望目录01糖尿病概述定义与分类Diabetes Mellitus（DM）一种慢性、代谢性疾病，由于胰岛素分泌不足或功能异常，引起血糖升高，尿液中含糖。
Type 1 DM胰岛素依赖型，由于自身免疫或特发性因素导致胰岛B细胞受损，胰岛素分泌不足。
Type 2 DM非胰岛素依赖型，由于胰岛素抵抗、胰岛素分泌不足或两者兼有引起血糖升高。
Type 1 DM遗传易感性、自身免疫反应导致胰岛B细胞受损。
Type 2 DM遗传易感性、环境因素（如饮食、缺乏运动等）导致胰岛素抵抗和分泌不足。
发病机制临床表现多饮、多尿、多食、体重减轻等典型症状。
长期高血糖可引起视物模糊、肾病、神经病变、心血管疾病等。
诊断标准空腹血糖≥7.0 mmol/L，或餐后2小时血糖≥11.1 mmol/L，或随机血糖≥11.1 mmol/L，同时伴有尿糖阳性。
临床表现与诊断标准02糖尿病的危害与并发症急性并发症Hyperglycemia高血糖，可能导致脱水、电解质失衡、肾功能受损Hypoglycemia低血糖，可能导致脑损伤、昏迷、甚至死亡Ketoacidosis酮症酸中毒，一种严重的代谢紊乱，导致脱水、电解质失衡、酸中毒010203慢性并发症Cardiovascular disease: 心血管疾病，包括冠心病、心肌梗死和中风Nephropathy: 肾病，可能导致肾功能衰竭Retinopathy: 视网膜病变，可能导致视力丧失糖尿病足Loss of protective sensation: 失去保护性感觉，导致足部容易受伤Peripheral neuropathy: 外周神经病变，导致疼痛、麻木和刺痛感Peripheral artery disease: 外周动脉疾病，可能导致足部缺血、溃疡和坏死03糖尿病的治疗与管理医学营养治疗碳水化合物应选择低血糖指数的碳水化合物，并限制摄入量。
糖尿病基础知识英文讲课讲稿
Type 2 diabetes may account for about 90% to 95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes.
It usually begins as insulin resistance, a disorder in which the cells do not use insulin properly. As the need for insulin rises, the pancreas gradually loses its ability to produce insulin.
People with diabetes are at increased risk of cardiovascular, peripheral vascular and cerebrovascular disease.
Burden of Diabetes
The development of diabetes is projected to reach pandemic proportions over the next10-20 years.
Often symptoms are not severe, or may be absent, and consequently hyperglycaemia sufficient to cause pathological and functional changes may be present for a long time before the diagnosis is made.
In most Western societies, the overall prevalence has reached 4-6%, and is as high as 10-12% among 6070-year-old people.
It usually begins as insulin resistance, a disorder in which the cells do not use insulin properly. As the need for insulin rises, the pancreas gradually loses its ability to produce insulin.
People with diabetes are at increased risk of cardiovascular, peripheral vascular and cerebrovascular disease.
Burden of Diabetes
The development of diabetes is projected to reach pandemic proportions over the next10-20 years.
Often symptoms are not severe, or may be absent, and consequently hyperglycaemia sufficient to cause pathological and functional changes may be present for a long time before the diagnosis is made.
In most Western societies, the overall prevalence has reached 4-6%, and is as high as 10-12% among 6070-year-old people.
糖尿病全英文
tachycardia
Postural hypotension
Impotence
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Ⅲ、Diagnosis and Treatment
Time of Check Plasma blood glucose
Range (mmol/l)
Diabetes in Adults )
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
About Type 2 diabetes
insufficient insulin Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia X Syndrome
insulin resistance hyperlipidimia hypertension obesity(apple figure) coronary heart disease
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
Differences between type1 and type2
feature
Type 1
Type 2
Insulin production Age at onset
Physical appearance Symptoms
Treatment
absent
normal or abnormal
insulin
Diabetes complications
Acute decompensation
Hyperosmolar coma
ketoacidosis
chronic complications
nerve damage
Macrovascular disease
Postural hypotension
Impotence
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Ⅲ、Diagnosis and Treatment
Time of Check Plasma blood glucose
Range (mmol/l)
Diabetes in Adults )
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
About Type 2 diabetes
insufficient insulin Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia X Syndrome
insulin resistance hyperlipidimia hypertension obesity(apple figure) coronary heart disease
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
Differences between type1 and type2
feature
Type 1
Type 2
Insulin production Age at onset
Physical appearance Symptoms
Treatment
absent
normal or abnormal
insulin
Diabetes complications
Acute decompensation
Hyperosmolar coma
ketoacidosis
chronic complications
nerve damage
Macrovascular disease
医学课件：糖尿病(英文版)
慢性并发症
01
Microvascular co…
微血管并发症是糖尿病的慢性并发症 之一，包括视网膜病变、糖尿病肾病 和糖尿病神经病变。
02
Macrovascular co…
大血管并发症包括冠心病、脑卒中、 下肢动脉硬化等，是糖尿病患者的主 要死亡原因。
03
Dyslipidemia
血脂异常是糖尿病患者的常见并发症 ，可导致动脉粥样硬化和心血管疾病 风险增加。
类型2糖尿病的病因
遗传因素
类型2糖尿病的发生与遗传有关，家族中有患病史的人群患病风险较高。
环境因素
环境因素是类型2糖尿病发病的重要诱因，主要包括缺乏运动、饮食不合理、 肥胖、吸烟、饮酒等。
妊娠期糖尿病的病因
遗传因素
妊娠期糖尿病与遗传有关，家族中有糖尿病史的女性患病风险较高。
环境因素
妊娠期糖尿病的发生还与多种环境因素有关，如孕期饮食不合理、缺乏运动、肥 胖、妊娠期年龄过大等。
03
糖尿病的诊断
糖尿病的筛查
常规筛查
对年龄、体重、家族史等高危人群应定期进行血 糖检测。
症状筛查
如多饮、多尿、多食、体重下降等，可疑为糖尿 病症状。
随机筛查
对无高危因素和无症状的人群，可进行随机血糖 检测。
糖尿病的诊断标准
空腹血糖（FPG）：≥7.0 mmol/L
OGTT（口服葡萄糖耐量试验）：2小时血糖≥11.1 mmol/L
多吃富含膳食纤维的食物，如蔬菜、水果等 。
糖尿病的运动治疗
有氧运动
如快走、慢跑、游泳等，可改善心肺功能 。
伸展运动
如瑜伽、太极等，可增加身体柔韧性。
抗阻运动
如举重、俯卧撑等，可增强肌肉力量。
医学课件：糖尿病(英文版)
技能培训
为患者提供技能培训，如如何使用 胰岛素、血糖监测等。
营养教育
为患者提供营养教育，指导他们如 何合理安排饮食，控制血糖和体重 。
05
糖尿病的案例分析
案例一：青少年糖尿病
总结词: 不良的生活习惯、遗传因素、免疫系统问题以 及病毒感染都可能导致青少年糖尿病。
1. 不良的生活习惯：如不规律的饮食、缺乏运动等都可 能影响胰岛素的正常工作，导致糖尿病。
案例三：妊娠期糖尿病
详细描述
2. 对胎儿的影响：妊娠期糖尿病 可能导致胎儿出现出生时低血糖 、黄疸、呼吸窘迫综合征等并发 症。
总结词: 妊娠期糖尿病指在怀孕期 间出现的糖尿病，可能对母亲和 胎儿的健康产生严重影响。
1. 对母亲的影响：妊娠期糖尿病 可能导致孕妇出现高血压、先兆 子痫、感染等并发症。
糖尿病的药物治疗
口服降糖药
包括胰岛素促泌剂、双胍类、糖苷 酶抑制剂等，适用于不同类型和程 度的糖尿病患者。
胰岛素
适用于1型糖尿病和2型糖尿病的晚 期患者，有短效、中效、长效等多 种类型。
其他药物
如GLP-1受体激动剂、DPP-4抑制 剂等，可用于肥胖或超重糖尿病患 者。
注意
以上内容仅供参考，具体治疗方案 请根据医生建议制定。
2023
医学课件：糖尿病(英文版)
目录
• 糖尿病概述 • 糖尿病的病因 • 糖尿病的诊断与治疗 • 糖尿病的预防与控制 • 糖尿病的案例分析 • 总结与展望
01
糖尿病概述
糖尿病的定义
Diabetes Mellitus (DM): A metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
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4. Mitochondrial DNA
5. Others
B. Genetic defects in insulin action
1. Type A insulin resistance
2. Leprechaunism
3. Rabson- Mendenhall syndrome
4. Lipoatrophic disease
Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)
diagnosed during pregnancy
.
9
Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(1)
I.Type 1diabetes ( -cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency )
.
10ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
7. Others
Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(2)
D. Endocrinopathies
1. Acromegaly
2. Cushing’s syndrome
3. Glucagonoma
4. Pheochromocytoma
5. Hyperthyroidism
Ranging from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to predominantly an insulin secretory defect with insulin resistance
.
8
Classification (2)
A. immune mediated
B. Idiopathic
II.Type 2diabetes ( may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to a predominantly secretory defect with insulin resistance )
6. Somatostatinoma
7. Aldosteronoma
Symptoms of diabetes +
Casual plasma glucose ≥ 11.1mmol/l(200mg/dl)
Or
FPG ≥ 7.0mmol/l (126mg/dl)
Or
2-hPG ≥ 11.1mmol/l
.
5
Diagnostic Criteria WHO1999
IGT -FPG<7mmol/L -2-h PG≥7.8mmol/L and <11.1mmol/L
III.Other specific types
A. genetic defects of -cell function
1. Chromosome 12, HNF-1 (MODY3)
2. Chromosome 7, glucokinase (MODY2)
3. Chromosome 20, HNF-4 (MODY1)
Other specific types of diabetes
Due to other causes, e.g.,genetic defects in insulin action, diseases of the exocrine pancreas, drug or chemical induced
.
2
Introduction
The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes
is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels.
Diabetes Mellitus
Zhao-xiaojuan
.
1
Introduction
Diabetes mellitus
is a heterogeneous group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
IFG -FPG≥6.1mmol/L and <7.0mmol/L
.
6
Laboratory Findings
Urinary glucose Urinary ketone Blood glucose (FPG and 2-hPG) HbA1c and FA(fructosamine) OGTT Insulin / CP releasing test
.
3
Symptoms
Polyuria Polydipsia (thirst) Weight loss Weakness Polyphagia Blurred vision Recurrent infection Impairment of growth
.
4
Criteria for diagnosis of diabetes (WHO1999)
.
7
Classification (1)
Type 1 diabetes
β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute deficiency
<1>Immune-mediated diabetes <2>Idiopathic diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
5. Others
C. Diseases of the exocrine pancreas
1. Pancreatitis
2. Trauma / pancreatectomy
3. Neoplasia
4. Cystic fibrosis
5. Hemochromatosis
6. Fibrocalculous pancreatopathy