过去分词作状语例析

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一、过去分词作定语：

1.The ground is covered with fallen leaves.

2.People today tend to choose vegetables grown without chemicals.

3.The money raised at the evening will be sent to the earthquake survivors as soon as possible.

通过对三个例句的观察，我们可以发现过去分词作定语的主要知识点：

(1)单个的过去分词作定语一般置于被修饰的名词之前。如：

cooked food,boiled water,fried eggs,a forced smile...

过去分词短语作定语则置于被修饰的名词之后。如：

problems left over by history,a woman dressed in green...

(2)及物动词的过去分词表示“被动”或“被动并结束了的动作”，如：vegetables grown without chemicals，a repaired car…

不及物动词的过去分词只表示“动作发生在谓语动词之前”或“动作已完成、已结束”，不表示被动。如：fallen leaves,faded flowers,the risen sun…

(3)及物动词的过去分词可以扩展为一个谓语动词是被动语态的定语从句。如：vegetables grown without chemicals=vegetables which are grown without chemicals

不及物动词的过去分词可以扩展为一个谓语动词是主动语态的定语从句。如：fallen leaves=leaves that have fallen

二、过去分词作表语:

1.The young NBA basketball king James is married.

We are excited to hear the good news.

2.The window of my room is broken.我房间的窗户是坏的。（表主语所处状态）

The window of my room is broken by my naughty cousin.

我房间的窗户是被淘气的表弟打坏的。（表被动）

3.Don’t be so disappointed.（表主语主观上觉得失望的心理感受）

The result of the exam is disappointing.（表主语客观上具有令人失望的性质特征）通过对这三组例句的观察，我们可以发现过去分词作表语的主要特征：(1)过去分词作表语表示主语所处状态或主观心理感受，相当于形容词的作用。如例句1中的married(已婚的)，excited(激动的)。此类常见词还有：表状态：addicted,broken,gone,lost,seated,absorbed,dressed,separated, engaged…表主观心理感受：excited,moved,puzzled,disappointed, surprised,frightened…

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