强调句型讲解及练习

强调句型讲解和练习

令狐采学

一、定义

强调就是使句子的某一部分比一般情况下显得更加重要。英语表达中，要强调句子的某一成分，一般可用强调句型“It is (was) +that (who) +句子的其余部分”。It在句中无意义，只起引出被强调部分的作用。被强调的部分指人时，除可用that 外，还可换用who（强调宾语指人时也可用whom）。使用强调句型时，应注意以下事项：

1、去掉强调结构It is (was) … that(who)…后，剩下的词仍能组成一个完整的句子。这是判断是不是强调句型的关键。试比较：

1. It is strange thathe didn’t come yesterday.

2. It is you and Tomthat didn’t come yesterday.

显然，句1去掉It is… that …后，句子结构不完整，是主语从句；句2去掉It is … that …后，句子变为you andTom didn’t come yesterday. 仍是一个表意完整的句子，这是一个强调句。再如：

1. It is what you dorather than what you say ____matters.

A.that

B. what

C.which

D. this

答案A。这是一个强调主语的强调句型，去掉强调结构，剩下

的是Whatyou do rather than what you say matters. 表意完整。

2. That was really asplendid evening. It’s years ____I enjoyed myself somuch.

A.when

B. that

C.before

D.since

答案D。由强调句型的判断方法可知，该句不是强调句型。It 指时间，句意为：好几年我没有这么高兴了。since的意思是“自从那个时候起”。

2、如果强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不可用when, where, why或how，而仍用that。

试比较：It wasbecause of the accident why he was late. (误), It was because of theaccident that he was late. (正)。又如：

1. Itwas not until midnight_____ theyreached the camp site.

A. that

B.when

C.while

D. as

答案A。该题强干扰项是B，考生容易因强调时间状语untilmidnight而误选。

2. It was after hegot what he had desired ____he realized it was not soimportant.

A.that

B.when

C.since

D. as

答案A。该句强调时间状语从句after he got what he haddesired，题干意思是“得到他所梦寐以求的东西后他才意识到一切都不那么重要”。不要误选B。

3、注意强调句型的否定句和疑问句形式，在这方面很容易因弄不清句子结构而错选。如:

How did he come here? 强调how: How was it that he came here? Why did he came late? 强调Why: Why was it that he came late?

1. I just wonder ____that makes him so excited.

A. why it does

B. what hedoes

C. how itis

D. what it is

答案D。正常语序的强调句型容易看出，但要注意它的变体。如果把该题变换一下语序：it is what that makes him soexcited,不难看出这是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，强调了疑问代词what，因为wonder后宾语从句，故用了陈述语序。

2. It was not untilshe got home ____Jennifer realized she had lost herkeys.

A. when

B. that

C.where

D.before

答案B。如果去掉强调结构，该句是一个“not… until”句型：Jennifer didn’t realize she hadlost her keys until she got home. 要强调时间状语until she gothome，这时要把主句中的否定词not放在was之后。

4、强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于原句中的主语；be的变化只有is和was两种形式，如果要表示现在时将来时的其它各种形式时，就用Itis…, 表达过去时的各种形式时，用It was….一般要与谓语动词的时态一致。如：

1. It is Iwho/ that am an English teacher.

2. It is theboy who/ that speaks English best in theclass.

3. It was onSunday that he gave George this ticket.

4. It is thelittle girl who/ that has broken the glass.