高考复习主谓一致

What you want is a big bag. You need not get any more stamps. What we have are quite sufficient. ★动词-ing形式短语或动词不定式作主语时， 谓语动词通常用单数。如： Smoking / To smoke is a bad habit. 常见考点 高考试题对主谓一致的考查重点是：名词作 主语时的谓语动词形式；分数、百分数、不 定式、动词-ing形式作主语时的主谓一致。
2. 代词作主语 ★由代词each, every one, no one, either, neither, another以及合成代词something, anything, nothing, everything, somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, someone, anyone, everyone作主语时，谓语动词均用单 数。如： Each book was in its proper place. ★关系代词who，that，which等在定语从句 中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中的先 行词的数一致。如：
2. The university estimates that living expenses for international students _____ A around $8,450 a year, which _____ a burden for some of them. (湖南2013) A. are；is B. are；are C. is；are D. is；is
4. 数词作主语 “分数或百分数+ of +名词”构成的短语作主 语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的 数。如： Only one third of the work was done yesterday. Thirds fourth of the students come to school on time.
★“the +形容词或过去分词”结构作主语时， 如表示一类可数的人或事物，谓语动词用复数 ，这类词有wounded, rich, unemployed, blind等 。如：The unemployed lead a miserable life. ★如果主语由more than one ... 或many a ... 构 成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词通常 用单数形式；在“more than +复数名词”或 “more +复数名词+ than one”结构之后，谓语 动词通常用复数形式。如： Many a playwright is satisfied with the play. More than one person has been concerned in this.
4. —Is everyone here? —Not yet ... Look, there ________ come (come) the rest of our colleagues! 5. The chief editor together with his editors ________ (be) discussing the new law about is newspapers that ________ was (be) newly published last month. 6. The manager and designer ________ (be) to is give some suggestions for the design of the new building in a while.
★ 表示成双成对的名词作主语，谓语动词通 常用复数形式，这类名词有：trouser, shoe, chopstick, sunglass等。但如果其前有a pair of, a kind of等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数 。如： A pair of trousers is on the bed. ★当名词短语中心词为表示距离、金额、时 间等的复数名词时，往往把这些复数名词看 作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如： Four thousand dollars is more than she can afford.
He is one of the students who were late this morning. He is the only one of the students who was late this morning. ★ all, most, none, some等作主语时，其谓语 动词的形式要根据它们所代替的内容来定。 如： Most of his spare time was spent in reading. All of my classmates work hard.
★当主语后跟有说明主语的修饰语，如用 with, as well as, along with, rather than, together with, including, in addition to与修饰 语连接时，谓语动词的人称和数与主语保持 一致。如： The missing things, as well as the bag, have been found and returned to the owner. ★ 由or, either ... or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ...等连接的名词或代词作主语 时，谓语动词要与邻近的主语相一致。如： Not only the students but also their teacher goes to the exhibition.
★单复数同形的名词作主语，应根据其意义 来决定谓语形式，常见的这类名词有：deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, means, works （工厂）等。如： There are ten sheep on the farm, but there are only four goats. ★表示单数概念的复形名词，如：学科（ maths，physics等）、机构、书名、剧名等 作主语，谓语动词通常用单数。如： Maths is one of the most important courses in the senior school. The Times is Britain’s oldest national daily.
5. 从句及非谓语动词作主语 ★名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单 数。但如果是两个或两个以上的从句由and连 接表示两个概念时，谓语动词用复数。另外 ，what从句作主语时，谓语动词的数由其表 示的意义来决定。如： Whether we go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. What caused the snow slide and how many tourists are injured are still unknown.
7. I, who ________ (be) your deskmate now, am hope we can help each other with our studies. 8. When to have the next meeting and whether to invite the director still ________ remain(s)(remain) a mystery to us. 9. Nobody but doctors or nurses and those who ________ (be) invited by Doctor Liu are ________ (be) allowed to enter the patient’s is room.
3. 由连接词连接的名词或代词作主语 ★用and或both ... and ... 连接并列主语，如果 意义为复数，谓语动词通常用复数。但由and 连接的并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一 事物或同一概念，谓语动词则用单数形式， 这时and后面的可数名词不带冠词。如： Both the secretary and the manager have agreed to be present. Law and order means different things to people with different political opinions.
复习重点 1. 主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：语法一致、 意义一致、就近一致。 2. 分数、百分数、不定式、动词-ing形式作 主语时的主谓一致。 基础知识 一、主谓一致的原则 主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持 一致。一般遵循下列原则：
1. 语法一致原则：主语和谓语在人称和数上 一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采用 单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采 用复数形式。 2. 意义一致原则：谓语的单复数取决于主语 的意义。有时主语形式上为单数，但意义上 却是复数，那么谓语根据意义也用复数形式 ；有时主语形式上为复数，但意义上却是单 数，那么谓语根据意义应用单数形式。 3. 就近一致原则：谓语动词的形式与邻近的 主语在人称和数上一致。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 1. All we need _____ C a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year. (湖南2014) A. are B. was C. is D. were
二、主谓一致的具体应用 1. 名词作主语 ★ 集合名词作主语，如果表示整体概念，谓 语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动 词用复数形式。常见的这类名词有：army, audience, class, family, team, crowd, staff, committee, enemy, government, population等 。有些集合名词如cattlΒιβλιοθήκη Baidu, people, police等， 通常看作复数，谓语动词必须用复数。如： The team is the best in the league.
3. The famous musician, as well as his students, _____ B to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. (福建2013) A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited 4. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others _____ A essential to their development. (江苏2013) A. is B. are C. was D. were
5. Among the crises that face humans _____ A the lack of natural resources. (上海2013) A. is B. are C. is there D. are there
用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 1. So far David’s the only one of us who ________ has gone (go) abroad. are (be) 2. Such singers as Liu Huan ________ widely popular, of whose songs, however, some ________(be) difficult to sing. are 3. Many a famous pop star _________________________ is performing / will perform (perform) in the concert tonight, so I’m looking forward to it very much.