四级英语考试句子翻译练习

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基础部外语教研室 刘娜 00二 二00二.六.六

1.And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.(93年考题) 2.The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.(94年考题)

一.前置法

例 1 . The first method is to give a synonym, a word that has nearly the same meaning as the word you wish to define: face for countenance, nervousness for anxiety. 例2.Behaviourists, in contrast, say that difference in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. (90年考题)

英语原文的定语 从句翻译成 带“的”的定语 词组, 词组, 放置于被 修饰的词之前。

例1.The first method is to give a synonym, a word that has nearly the same meaning as the word you wish to define: face for countenance, nervousness for anxiety. 例 1 . 第一种方法是同义词 法 , 即给出一个与要释义 的词在意义上几乎相同的, 的词在意义上几乎相同的, 如用face 表示countenance, 如用 face表示 countenance, face 表示 nervousness表示anxiety。 表示anxiety 用nervousness表示anxiety。

例2.Behaviourists, in contrast, say that difference in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites e n j o y . ( 9 0 年 考 题 )

例2.相反, 行为主义者认为, 成绩的 差异是由于黑人常常被剥夺了白 人在教育及其他外界环境方面所 享有的许多有利条件而造成的。

二、后 置 法

把原文定语从句翻译 成并列的分句, 成并列的分句 放置于它所修词的后面。例如: 放置于它所修词的后面。例如:

例3.They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.

他们正在为实现 一个理想而努力, 这个理想是每个中国人 所珍爱的, 在过去,许多中国人 曾为了这个理想 而牺牲了自己的生命。

例4.His wife, Betty, is a Shanghai-born Chinese Shanghaiwho left China at the age of eight, and whose book, “The Moon”, tells of her sister Sansan’s life in China. 他的妻子蓓蒂是一位出生在 上海的华人,八岁离开中国, 上海的华人,八岁离开中国,写 过一本题为《月亮》的书, 过一本题为《月亮》的书,记述 她妹妹姗姗在中国的生活。

对英语中有些兼有状语从句 职能的定语从句,可翻译成汉 职能的定语从句 可翻译成汉 语中相应的偏正复合句。

例5.He did not remember his father who died when he was three years old. 他不记得他父亲了, 因为他父亲死时他才三岁。 他不记得他父亲了, 因为他父亲死时他才三岁。 例6.Anyone who thinks that rational knowledge need not be derived from perceptual knowledge is an idealist. 如果认为理性知识不必由感性知识得 来, 那他就是一个唯心主义者。

例7.In office, figures, lists and information are compiled which tell the managers or heads of the business what is happening in their shops or

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