英美概况英国部分Word版

Chapter One

British

Section one :the country and its people

and position :

name : The United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (U.K)

position：To the west and off the European Continent, containing the Great Britain and the northern part of Ireland.

Territory proportion: approximately 240,000 square km.

Population : 62.262million

Three political parts: England, Wales and Scotland England (capital city: London):the biggest ,the most developed as well as the most populated country in the U.K (capital city: London)

Scotland (capital city:Edinburgh):

Wales :smallest part

Ireland :Henry VIII was the first king to bring Ireland under control; gain its independence in 1927.

2.Geographic Features:

Northeast to the European Continent and east to the Atlantic, to its northeast is a channel called English Channel between the U.K and France. Neighboring country that share border : Ireland only Britain is an island country, more than1,000kilometres from south to north and 500kilometres form east to west.

High Land zone：in north and west

Low Land zone: in the south and east (including London).

3.English Tunnel

Finished in 1994,was build up by private companies from U.K and France.

4. Climate and Weather :

Climate : maritime climate .

Main character : abundant and evenly distributed rainfall. Autumn is the rainiest

season

Influential factors: North Atlantic Drift(warm)

Southwesterly wind(warm and wet.

winter)

Weather: changeable

5.inland water :

Longest river : Severn River

Most important and second longest river: Thames River Lakes :in the Lake District

6.People and languages :

Main peoples: Celts and Anglo-Saxons

Languages :English is overwhelming, some people in speaks Geltic Language

7.Religion:

The majority of the British people believe Christianity.

Religious education and collective worship are required by British law.

8.national flag :

The Union Jack or Union Flag

Section two : the British Government

1.Political system：Constitutional Monarchy

Definition : it means the head of

state is monarch with

limited powers.The

monarch reigns(统治), but

does not rule（统制）

ernment Component:

Central government :consists of Monarch, Parliament and Cabinet

Local governments

3.Structure of the British government:

The head ---- monarch

Legislature institution : Parliament(consists House of

Commons and House of Lords)