英语翻译基本理论
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Lecture One
An introduction
Contents of this lecture
1. A brief introduction to this course ; 2. Course arrangement； 3. Requirements of this course ; 4. An introduction to translation；
• Potential translators must have a high level of aptitude for the creative use of language.
• It is not a peripheral discipline, but what it involves goes beyond the boundary of any particular branch of learning.
• 2. Class performance (Every one of you will be demanded to translate/interpret in the class and I will record them)
• 3.ExFra Baidu bibliotekm
To sum up
• Why( 为何翻译？) • What(何为翻译？) • How(翻译何为？)
• The betterment of our command of the relevant languages
• The broadening of the range and scope of our general knowledge.
• By Zhou En-lai
Course arrangement
季羡林序）
The definition in the old days
• 翻译活动在中国由来己久，在《礼纪.王制》 中就有记载：“中国、夷、蛮、戎、 狄……五方之民，言语不通，嗜欲不同。 达其志，通其欲，东方曰寄，南方曰象， 西方曰狄踶，北方曰译。”（马祖毅， 2004:2）在此后，翻译已经并正在经历着 发展的高潮。
• 西欧所以能有今天的文明，用一个西 方学者的话来说，这要“归功于翻译 者”。（Kelly：1979：1）
• 五千年来，虽然经历了不少波折，走过了不少坎 坷的道路，但是中华文化却一直没有消逝？
“倘若拿河流来作比，中华文化这一条大河，有水 满的时候，也有水少的时候，但却从未枯竭。原 因就是有新水注入。注入的次数大大小小是颇多 的。最大的有两次，一次是从印度来的水，一次 是从西方来的水。而这两次的大注入依靠的都是 翻译。中华文化所以能常葆青春，万应灵药就是 翻译。翻译之为用大矣哉！”（林煌天，1997：
理论性；实践性
翻译是一项艰辛的劳动
• It is probably the most complex type of events in the history of the cosmos. (I.A. Richards ,1953)
• It is quite demanding. Many people hold that exceptional translators are born, not made. (e.g. Nida)
• It is not inter-lingual transfer, but crosscultural transfer. (Mary Snell-Hornby)
Prerequisites of a translator
• The enhancement of our political consciousness
“洪荒造塔语言殊，从此人间要象胥”（马祖 毅，2004：1）
Translation exists because men speak different languages. (Steiner,2001:51)
斯坦纳说：“翻译之所以存在，是人们讲不 同的语言。”
“正是因为语言不通，人们才产生要对话的 欲望……才产生翻译”（郑海凌，2000：5）
• Introduction • Translation theory • Translation skills and practice • Exercises
Requirements
• 1. Class attendance (If your absence goes to three times, including the third one, your final marks will be decreased. )
• “译即易，谓换易言语使相解也。”——贾 公彦(618-907) 唐朝
• “夫翻译者，谓翻梵天之语转成汉地之言。 音虽似别，义则大同。”——法云(9601279) 宋代
Translation Theory and Practice is a course for English major of senior ones. It demands you to go on training your basic language skills and learn more about English major. Meanwhile, it demands you go on enlarging your scope of knowledge and strengthening your sensibility to cultural differences so as to improve your ability to translate between English and Chinese .
Basic Knowledge of Translation Theory
• Translation • Translation criteria or principle • Translation strategies • Literal translation and liberal translation • Terms
An introduction
Contents of this lecture
1. A brief introduction to this course ; 2. Course arrangement； 3. Requirements of this course ; 4. An introduction to translation；
• Potential translators must have a high level of aptitude for the creative use of language.
• It is not a peripheral discipline, but what it involves goes beyond the boundary of any particular branch of learning.
• 2. Class performance (Every one of you will be demanded to translate/interpret in the class and I will record them)
• 3.ExFra Baidu bibliotekm
To sum up
• Why( 为何翻译？) • What(何为翻译？) • How(翻译何为？)
• The betterment of our command of the relevant languages
• The broadening of the range and scope of our general knowledge.
• By Zhou En-lai
Course arrangement
季羡林序）
The definition in the old days
• 翻译活动在中国由来己久，在《礼纪.王制》 中就有记载：“中国、夷、蛮、戎、 狄……五方之民，言语不通，嗜欲不同。 达其志，通其欲，东方曰寄，南方曰象， 西方曰狄踶，北方曰译。”（马祖毅， 2004:2）在此后，翻译已经并正在经历着 发展的高潮。
• 西欧所以能有今天的文明，用一个西 方学者的话来说，这要“归功于翻译 者”。（Kelly：1979：1）
• 五千年来，虽然经历了不少波折，走过了不少坎 坷的道路，但是中华文化却一直没有消逝？
“倘若拿河流来作比，中华文化这一条大河，有水 满的时候，也有水少的时候，但却从未枯竭。原 因就是有新水注入。注入的次数大大小小是颇多 的。最大的有两次，一次是从印度来的水，一次 是从西方来的水。而这两次的大注入依靠的都是 翻译。中华文化所以能常葆青春，万应灵药就是 翻译。翻译之为用大矣哉！”（林煌天，1997：
理论性；实践性
翻译是一项艰辛的劳动
• It is probably the most complex type of events in the history of the cosmos. (I.A. Richards ,1953)
• It is quite demanding. Many people hold that exceptional translators are born, not made. (e.g. Nida)
• It is not inter-lingual transfer, but crosscultural transfer. (Mary Snell-Hornby)
Prerequisites of a translator
• The enhancement of our political consciousness
“洪荒造塔语言殊，从此人间要象胥”（马祖 毅，2004：1）
Translation exists because men speak different languages. (Steiner,2001:51)
斯坦纳说：“翻译之所以存在，是人们讲不 同的语言。”
“正是因为语言不通，人们才产生要对话的 欲望……才产生翻译”（郑海凌，2000：5）
• Introduction • Translation theory • Translation skills and practice • Exercises
Requirements
• 1. Class attendance (If your absence goes to three times, including the third one, your final marks will be decreased. )
• “译即易，谓换易言语使相解也。”——贾 公彦(618-907) 唐朝
• “夫翻译者，谓翻梵天之语转成汉地之言。 音虽似别，义则大同。”——法云(9601279) 宋代
Translation Theory and Practice is a course for English major of senior ones. It demands you to go on training your basic language skills and learn more about English major. Meanwhile, it demands you go on enlarging your scope of knowledge and strengthening your sensibility to cultural differences so as to improve your ability to translate between English and Chinese .
Basic Knowledge of Translation Theory
• Translation • Translation criteria or principle • Translation strategies • Literal translation and liberal translation • Terms