非谓语动词完整版.
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Nonfinite Verbs
(非谓语动词)
非谓语做主语
doing 作主语通常表示抽象动作； to do作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited here． It is not very good for you to smoke so much．
doing作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 to do 通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
it 作形式主语
It is very kind of you to help us.
过去分词done不可作主语，若主语须表达被动含义， 则用being done
Being stolen is a miserable(痛苦的) experience.
非谓语做宾语
不定式 的省略
1. 一些表示心理活动、情感态度的动词或短语，如 expect /want /hope /wish /love /hate /decide /plan /mean /try /would like /be ready /be afraid /be glad等 后，动词不定式省略to后面的动词部分，但保留to。
注意：如若不定式结构中是be或have, 需保留be 和 have
(3) --- Are you a taxi driver? --- No, I used to be. (4) --- Hasn’t he finished writing the report?
--- No, but he ought to have.
There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史车轮不可阻挡。
主语的复合结构 (注意not ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ位置)
Mary’s / His not being late for school…… His not having been there……
2. 当like或want在由when /whenever /what/whatever /as /if等引导的状语从句中时，其后往往省略整个动词 不定式。
(1) Come whenever you like . (2)Tom, don 't be nervous. Take whatever you want! (3)Do anything as you like. (4)You don 't have to come swimming if you don 't want.
but to do except to do besides to do other than to do
当介词but, except, besides 以及 other than 前有作为实意动词的 do时，不定式的to 可以省略。
Can’t choose but do (只好) Can’t help but do Can’t but do I cannot but agree to his terms. We could do nothing but / other than wait. I cannot choose but ________ (laugh) We had no choice but __________ (wait)
不定式主动形式表被动意义 1. The house is ________. to rent 2. She is not the person _________. to blame
3. I asked her if she had any rooms to let.
某些动词的不定式做表语时，其主动形式表达被动含义。
常用的有：to blame, to seek, to let
不定式做表语的省略：
非谓语做表语
做表语---主系表
具体行为
My next plan is to draw a picture for the house 表示“愿望，计划， seem / appear (似乎，好像) prove / turn out (被证明是) remain (仍然是， to do 决定” 尚待） 等连系动词后 be to do 将来时态 He seemed ( to be ) very happy . We are to meet at the school gate at six . (be to do表示安排) 一般行为 My job is teaching you English. doing 通常形容“物”居 The film is exciting. 多 He is eating an apple. be doing进行时态 通常形容“人”居 He is moved. done 多 The job is done. be done被动 The book is gone.
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring． To be an athlete is his dream.
It is + adj. + (of / for sb.) to do sth.
It’s no good / no use/ not any use/good, useless doing sth. There’s no doing ….
(1)---I 'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my dog ? --- Not at all. I 'd be glad to. (2) ---Will you go with me ? ---Well ,I 'd like to. (3) ---Will you go home tomorrow? ---No. I 'm going to a lecture，or at least I am planning to.
(非谓语动词)
非谓语做主语
doing 作主语通常表示抽象动作； to do作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited here． It is not very good for you to smoke so much．
doing作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 to do 通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
it 作形式主语
It is very kind of you to help us.
过去分词done不可作主语，若主语须表达被动含义， 则用being done
Being stolen is a miserable(痛苦的) experience.
非谓语做宾语
不定式 的省略
1. 一些表示心理活动、情感态度的动词或短语，如 expect /want /hope /wish /love /hate /decide /plan /mean /try /would like /be ready /be afraid /be glad等 后，动词不定式省略to后面的动词部分，但保留to。
注意：如若不定式结构中是be或have, 需保留be 和 have
(3) --- Are you a taxi driver? --- No, I used to be. (4) --- Hasn’t he finished writing the report?
--- No, but he ought to have.
There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史车轮不可阻挡。
主语的复合结构 (注意not ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ位置)
Mary’s / His not being late for school…… His not having been there……
2. 当like或want在由when /whenever /what/whatever /as /if等引导的状语从句中时，其后往往省略整个动词 不定式。
(1) Come whenever you like . (2)Tom, don 't be nervous. Take whatever you want! (3)Do anything as you like. (4)You don 't have to come swimming if you don 't want.
but to do except to do besides to do other than to do
当介词but, except, besides 以及 other than 前有作为实意动词的 do时，不定式的to 可以省略。
Can’t choose but do (只好) Can’t help but do Can’t but do I cannot but agree to his terms. We could do nothing but / other than wait. I cannot choose but ________ (laugh) We had no choice but __________ (wait)
不定式主动形式表被动意义 1. The house is ________. to rent 2. She is not the person _________. to blame
3. I asked her if she had any rooms to let.
某些动词的不定式做表语时，其主动形式表达被动含义。
常用的有：to blame, to seek, to let
不定式做表语的省略：
非谓语做表语
做表语---主系表
具体行为
My next plan is to draw a picture for the house 表示“愿望，计划， seem / appear (似乎，好像) prove / turn out (被证明是) remain (仍然是， to do 决定” 尚待） 等连系动词后 be to do 将来时态 He seemed ( to be ) very happy . We are to meet at the school gate at six . (be to do表示安排) 一般行为 My job is teaching you English. doing 通常形容“物”居 The film is exciting. 多 He is eating an apple. be doing进行时态 通常形容“人”居 He is moved. done 多 The job is done. be done被动 The book is gone.
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring． To be an athlete is his dream.
It is + adj. + (of / for sb.) to do sth.
It’s no good / no use/ not any use/good, useless doing sth. There’s no doing ….
(1)---I 'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my dog ? --- Not at all. I 'd be glad to. (2) ---Will you go with me ? ---Well ,I 'd like to. (3) ---Will you go home tomorrow? ---No. I 'm going to a lecture，or at least I am planning to.