教外国人汉语

Class One
Greetings
A:Nǐ hǎo ma?你好吗？ How are you?
B: Wǒ hěn hǎo!我很好！ I’m fine.
A:Nǐ hǎo ma?你好吗？ How are you?
B:Hái kě yǐ!还可以！ Not bad！
Class One
Do you have some Chinese you want to know?
a
o
ei
u
ü
ai ei ui ao ou iü
ie üe er an en in
un ün ang eng ing ong
Instruction on Chinese Phonetics
3. Tones in Chinese
Tones are one of the most important characteristics of Chinese phonetics. There are four basic tones in Chinese: first tone, second tone, third tone and fourth tone. Combinations of same initials and finals but different tones have different meanings.
HAN YU XUE XI
CHINESE LANGUAGE
CHINESE
Nǐ huìshuō hàn yǔ (zhōng wén) ma? Can you speak Chinese?
CHINESE
பைடு நூலகம்
1
èr
2
Sì
3
Yī
4
sān
5
bā
6
qī
7
wǔ
8
shí
9
jiǔ
10
liù
Instruction on Chinese Phonetics
Initial + Final +Tone → Syllable
Instruction on Chinese Phonetics Initials
b pm f d t n l
g k h j q x zh ch
sh r z c s y w
Instruction on Chinese Phonetics Finals
Class One
Part two Chinese Phonetics 1.Finals:
aoeiuü
Chinese Phonetics
Chinese Phonetics
Chinese Phonetics
Chinese Phonetics
Chinese Phonetics
Chinese Phonetics
Class One
Pronunciation essentials
(1) How to pronounce i and ü?
Both i and ü are front and high vowel. But when pronouncing i, the lips should be flat. While pronouncing ü, the lips must be rounded up. The pronunciation of i is similar to the “ee” in “cheese”. When you practice ü, you can pronounce i first, and gradually transform into ü by extending the duration of i, then round up the lips and keep the tongue position unchanged.
Class One
Sentences
1. My name is …. wǒ de míng zì shì …. wǒ jiào….
2. I am …. wǒ shì ….
Class One
Sentences
3.What’s your name?
nǐ jiào shén me míng zì?
4. Nice to meet you.
Tones
Features
the first tone the second tone
flat rising
the third tone the fourth tone
first falling down, then rising
falling down
ˉ ˉ ˉ ˉ
′ ˇ‵ ′ ˇ‵ ′ ˇ‵ ′ ˇ‵
For example: shuǐ water shuì sleep
Instruction on Chinese Phonetics
Four Tones in Chinese The first tone
The second tone The third tone The fourth tone
Tones in Chinese
B: wǒ jiào Tom. (B: My name is Tom.)
A: hěn gāo xìng rèn shì nǐ. (A:Nice to meet you.)
B: wǒ yě shì. (B: Me too.)
Class One
Part three Introduction to Yourself
Initial + Final +Tone → Syllable
Instruction on Chinese Phonetics
2. Initials and finals in Chinese The consonant at the beginning of one
syllable is called “initial”, and the rest part of the syllable is called “final”. For example: in syllable “hàn”, “h” is initial, and “an” is final. Some of the Chinese syllable have no initials, but they must have finals and tones, like ài 爱（love）.
Class One
Pronunciation essentials
(1) How to pronounce u and e?
While pronouncing u, the tongue is held backward with the lips being rounded and moved forward as much as possible. While e is a back, mid-high and unrounded vowel. If it is difficult to pronounce e, you can pronounce o first, and transform into e by extending the duration of o while spreading the angles of your lips.
Instruction on Chinese Phonetics
1. Chinese syllables Syllable is the basic unit of Chinese phonetics.
Chinese syllables are combined of initials, finals and tones. Generally speaking, one Chinese character indicates one syllable. For example: the syllable “mā”, is combined of initial “m”, final “a”, and the first tone, corresponded with the character “妈”, which means “mom, mother”.
Class One
Pronunciation essentials
(1) How to pronounce u and ü?
While pronouncing u, the tongue is held backward with the lips being rounded and moved forward as much as possible. But ü is a front and high vowel. When ü is pronounced, you should hold your tongue forward with rounded lips.
Class One
Greetings
A:Nǐ hǎo!你好！ Hello! /Hi!
B:Nǐ hǎo!你好！ Hello!/Hi!
A:Nín hǎo!您好！ Hello! /Hi!
B:Nǐ hǎo!你好！ Hello!/Hi!
In Chinese, if you see someone elder than you, you should use nín(您).
Key Words:
I my you your am/is/are name what happy know/meet
wǒ wǒ de nǐ (single)/ nǐ men(plural) nǐ de/ nǐ men de shì míng zì(n.); jiào(v.) shén me gāo xìng rèn shì
hěn gāo xìng rèn shì nǐ.
Class One
Dialog
A : ní hǎo! (A: Hello!)
B: ní hǎo! (B: Hello!)
A: wǒ jiào Mary, nǐ jiào shén me míng zì? (A: My name is Mary, what’s your name?)