四级翻译讲义
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孤至厄岛厄至孤
困遇孤岛孤遇困
若非孤岛孤非若（弱）
落败孤岛孤败落
It was a splendid population—for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home.
这是一批卓越能干的人民——因为所有这些行动迟缓、瞌睡稀稀、呆如树獭的人都留在家乡了。(余立三译)
什么在英语当中表示“草”？fish
A loose fish（道德上）放荡不羁的人Drink like a fish牛饮
不要班门弄斧Don’t teach a fish to swim.
以上句子的翻译还可以这样：
兔子不吃窝边草Never fish in your neighbor’s pond.
好马不吃回头草If you let a fish off, you let it off.
改变一下？
《三国演义》由罗贯中创作于14世纪，是一部中国历史题材小说。
Romance of Three Kingdoms, written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese history novel(a novel based on Chinese history stories).
做秘书与人们所想象的不同。
Being a secretary is different from what people would imagine.
做秘书是一份非常复杂的需要组织、协调和沟通能力的工作。
——许渊冲
我爱你青松气质，我爱你红梅品格。
I love your temperament of the pine,and your character of the red plum.
我爱你家乡的甜庶，好像乳汁滋润着我的心窝。
I love your sugarcane in our hometown,which moistens my heart like breast milk.
达：We can have a beautiful face by using Dabao everyday.
雅：A fair face now, Dabao knows how.
题目
1.剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。
Paper cutting is one of Chinese most popular traditional folk arts.
During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere.
大学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。
The competition among graduates has become more and more fierce, which results that the chance that any individual graduate finds a job has decreased.
好马不吃回头草A good horse should never turn back to eat grห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ss.
天涯何处无芳草You can find fragrant grass everywhere.
“草”在中国所代表的含义？草：“普通”、“常见”、“低下”；草根、草民、草芥、草莽、草寇、草包；草率、草菅人命、草草了事
四级翻译
四六级翻译
《关于大学英语四、六级考试题型调整的说明》
原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字；六级长度为180-200个汉字。
翻译？
Translating is the art of recomposing a work in another language without losing its original flavor.
----Francis Bacon
读书足以怡情,足以博采,足以长才。其怡情也,最见于独处幽居之时;其博采也,最见于高谈阔论之中,其长才也,最见于处事判事之际。
王佐良译
Able was I ere I saw Elba
我在到俄尔巴岛之前是有能力的
在我看到Elba岛之前，我曾所向无敌
不到俄岛我不倒
弱至孤岛孤至弱
性本善：Sex is good.(白话文:性是美好的)
性相近：Basically, all the sex are the same.(白话文:基本上,所有的性行为是差不多滴)
习相远：But it depends on the way you do it.(白话文:但还是得依照个人的喜好而为之)
思考
翻译技巧总结
1.汉语（通常情况）
2.修饰结构在前
3.分离可反复
4.主动居多
5.一句可多动词
翻译
调整语序——直接翻译（信、达）——美化翻译（雅）
题目演练
1.我国的端午节（the Dragon Boat Festival）是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。
The Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Quyuan.
对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。
For those who earn less but eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford.
“是”的翻译技巧
世界贸易组织是成立于1995年1月1日的，目的是确保一个稳定的全球贸易经济环境。
The WTO was founded on January 1st, 1995, which aims to ensure a stable environment of trading and economy in the world.
2.喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。
Chatting with cups of tea is the most popular way to spend time among Chinese.
3.旅游业是最近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个行业，现在正引起中国公众越来越大的注意。
Tourism is a fast developing industry for the last two decades all over the world, which now draws more and more attention of Chinese public.
3.人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。
People often use paper cuttings to make their homes beautiful.
Paper cuttings are often used to beautify people’s residences.
4.特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。
—— Columbia Encyclopedia
翻译本身一种错误？
Translation is like dancing with chains.
Translation is like a girl, the more beautiful, the more unfaithful.
Translation is the art of failure.
STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business.
2.中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。
Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years, which was particularly widespread during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
If i should meet theeafter long years.
How should i greet thee?
with silence and tears.
--George Gordon Byron
尴尬的翻译
人之初：At the beginning of life.(白话文:生命的起初)
那是一批卓越的人——因为那些慢慢吞吞、昏昏沉沉、反应迟钝、形如树獭的人留在了家乡。(杨莉藜译)
这是一批卓越能干的人民——因为那些行动迟缓、头脑迟钝、睡眼惺忪、呆如树獭的人留在了家乡。(章和升译)
(出来的)这帮人个个出类拔萃——因为凡是呆板、呆滞、呆头呆脑的呆子都呆在了家里。（马红军译）
兔子不吃窝边草A rabbit never eats the grass near its cave.
5.剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。
The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity.
6.中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world, which is often given as a present toforeign friends.
Always meaning to meaning.
Never word to word.
翻译原则
《赤壁》Red Cliff红岩
《水浒传》All men are Brothers都他妈是兄弟
《霸王别姬》Farewell, My Concubine别了，我的情儿
要想皮肤好，早晚用大宝。
信：If you want good skin, you should use Dabao every morning and night.
名句
寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚；乍暖还寒时候；最难将息。
I look for what I miss,I know not what it is,I feel so sad, so drear,so lonely, without cheer,How hard is it,To keep me fit,in this lingering cold~
天涯何处无芳草She is not the only fish in the ocean.
巧妇难为无米之炊。
Even the cleverest housewife can’t cook a meal without rice.
Even the cleverest housewife can’t make bread without flour.
四级翻译评分标准
分数档
标准特征
符合定义
13-15
译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
雅
10-12
译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。
达
7-9
译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。
信
经典翻译案例赏析
困遇孤岛孤遇困
若非孤岛孤非若（弱）
落败孤岛孤败落
It was a splendid population—for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home.
这是一批卓越能干的人民——因为所有这些行动迟缓、瞌睡稀稀、呆如树獭的人都留在家乡了。(余立三译)
什么在英语当中表示“草”？fish
A loose fish（道德上）放荡不羁的人Drink like a fish牛饮
不要班门弄斧Don’t teach a fish to swim.
以上句子的翻译还可以这样：
兔子不吃窝边草Never fish in your neighbor’s pond.
好马不吃回头草If you let a fish off, you let it off.
改变一下？
《三国演义》由罗贯中创作于14世纪，是一部中国历史题材小说。
Romance of Three Kingdoms, written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese history novel(a novel based on Chinese history stories).
做秘书与人们所想象的不同。
Being a secretary is different from what people would imagine.
做秘书是一份非常复杂的需要组织、协调和沟通能力的工作。
——许渊冲
我爱你青松气质，我爱你红梅品格。
I love your temperament of the pine,and your character of the red plum.
我爱你家乡的甜庶，好像乳汁滋润着我的心窝。
I love your sugarcane in our hometown,which moistens my heart like breast milk.
达：We can have a beautiful face by using Dabao everyday.
雅：A fair face now, Dabao knows how.
题目
1.剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。
Paper cutting is one of Chinese most popular traditional folk arts.
During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere.
大学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。
The competition among graduates has become more and more fierce, which results that the chance that any individual graduate finds a job has decreased.
好马不吃回头草A good horse should never turn back to eat grห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ss.
天涯何处无芳草You can find fragrant grass everywhere.
“草”在中国所代表的含义？草：“普通”、“常见”、“低下”；草根、草民、草芥、草莽、草寇、草包；草率、草菅人命、草草了事
四级翻译
四六级翻译
《关于大学英语四、六级考试题型调整的说明》
原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字；六级长度为180-200个汉字。
翻译？
Translating is the art of recomposing a work in another language without losing its original flavor.
----Francis Bacon
读书足以怡情,足以博采,足以长才。其怡情也,最见于独处幽居之时;其博采也,最见于高谈阔论之中,其长才也,最见于处事判事之际。
王佐良译
Able was I ere I saw Elba
我在到俄尔巴岛之前是有能力的
在我看到Elba岛之前，我曾所向无敌
不到俄岛我不倒
弱至孤岛孤至弱
性本善：Sex is good.(白话文:性是美好的)
性相近：Basically, all the sex are the same.(白话文:基本上,所有的性行为是差不多滴)
习相远：But it depends on the way you do it.(白话文:但还是得依照个人的喜好而为之)
思考
翻译技巧总结
1.汉语（通常情况）
2.修饰结构在前
3.分离可反复
4.主动居多
5.一句可多动词
翻译
调整语序——直接翻译（信、达）——美化翻译（雅）
题目演练
1.我国的端午节（the Dragon Boat Festival）是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。
The Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Quyuan.
对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。
For those who earn less but eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford.
“是”的翻译技巧
世界贸易组织是成立于1995年1月1日的，目的是确保一个稳定的全球贸易经济环境。
The WTO was founded on January 1st, 1995, which aims to ensure a stable environment of trading and economy in the world.
2.喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。
Chatting with cups of tea is the most popular way to spend time among Chinese.
3.旅游业是最近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个行业，现在正引起中国公众越来越大的注意。
Tourism is a fast developing industry for the last two decades all over the world, which now draws more and more attention of Chinese public.
3.人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。
People often use paper cuttings to make their homes beautiful.
Paper cuttings are often used to beautify people’s residences.
4.特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。
—— Columbia Encyclopedia
翻译本身一种错误？
Translation is like dancing with chains.
Translation is like a girl, the more beautiful, the more unfaithful.
Translation is the art of failure.
STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business.
2.中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。
Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years, which was particularly widespread during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
If i should meet theeafter long years.
How should i greet thee?
with silence and tears.
--George Gordon Byron
尴尬的翻译
人之初：At the beginning of life.(白话文:生命的起初)
那是一批卓越的人——因为那些慢慢吞吞、昏昏沉沉、反应迟钝、形如树獭的人留在了家乡。(杨莉藜译)
这是一批卓越能干的人民——因为那些行动迟缓、头脑迟钝、睡眼惺忪、呆如树獭的人留在了家乡。(章和升译)
(出来的)这帮人个个出类拔萃——因为凡是呆板、呆滞、呆头呆脑的呆子都呆在了家里。（马红军译）
兔子不吃窝边草A rabbit never eats the grass near its cave.
5.剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。
The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity.
6.中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world, which is often given as a present toforeign friends.
Always meaning to meaning.
Never word to word.
翻译原则
《赤壁》Red Cliff红岩
《水浒传》All men are Brothers都他妈是兄弟
《霸王别姬》Farewell, My Concubine别了，我的情儿
要想皮肤好，早晚用大宝。
信：If you want good skin, you should use Dabao every morning and night.
名句
寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚；乍暖还寒时候；最难将息。
I look for what I miss,I know not what it is,I feel so sad, so drear,so lonely, without cheer,How hard is it,To keep me fit,in this lingering cold~
天涯何处无芳草She is not the only fish in the ocean.
巧妇难为无米之炊。
Even the cleverest housewife can’t cook a meal without rice.
Even the cleverest housewife can’t make bread without flour.
四级翻译评分标准
分数档
标准特征
符合定义
13-15
译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
雅
10-12
译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。
达
7-9
译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。
信
经典翻译案例赏析