with复合结构专项练习试题-3
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
with复合结构
with复合结构是学生学习英语时经常接触的句型,也是考查的热点。请看下面的句子。There was an electric bell that did not work,with a card next to it bearing the name“Mr.James Dillingham Young”。
在这个句子中,with+名词+介词短语构成复合结构在句子中作状语。
Now we were on our feet with another 500 miles to go.
在这个句子中,with+名词+to do构成复合结构在句子中作状语。
1.with复合结构的构成
with+宾语+宾语补足语,构成with复合结构,宾语可以是名词或是代词,宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
1)With+宾语+介词短语
He was asleep with his head on his arms.
2)with+宾语+过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是被动关系)
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
He lay in bed with his head covered.
3)with+宾语+现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主动关系)
With winter coming on,it's time to buy warm clothes.
4)with+宾语+todo(不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义)
I can't go out with all these dishes to wash.
5)with+宾语+形容词/副词
With John away,we've got more room.
Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
2.with复合结构的作用
with复合结构在句子中作状语,表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。请阅读下面的句子。1)We sat on the dry grass with our backs to the wall.(作伴随状语)
2)She could not leave with her painful duty unfulfilled.(作原因状语)
3)He lay in bed with his head covered.(作方式状语)
4)Jack soon fell asleep with the light still burning.(作伴随状语)
5)I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.(作原因状语)
6)He sat with his arms clasped around his knees.(作方式状语)
注:with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语,阅读下面的句子。
1)There was a letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.(作定语修饰letter)
2)It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.(作定语修饰a stretch of country)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
介词with复合结构相关的高考试题:
1.(NMET.2000) _________ production up by 60 % , the company has had another excellent year.
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. Through
[解析] 答案C。本题考查介词with的复合结构“with + n / pron + prep. phrase(介词短语)”的用法。“as”作为连词,意为“因为、由于”,其后必须跟从句;作为介词,意为“作为”,从语法和句意方面都不能用。而for和through在这里从语法和句意方面也不能用。在这里应用with,意思是“因为、由于”。句意是:由于生产(产品)上升了60% ,这家公司又有了一个辉煌年。
2.(Beijing. 2004) ________two exams to worry about , I have to work really hard this weekend.
A. Besides
B. With
C. As for
D. Because of
[解析] 答案B。这道题也是考查介词with复合结构用法的。从句子的结构看这里必须要填一个介词,而不能填连词,“as for” 意思是“至于、关于”;because of意思是“由于、因为”,其后不能跟复合结构,所以不能选择C和D。在所给的选项中只有with才符合构成“ with + n / pron + to do ”结构。句意是:由于担心这两门考试,本周末我得真的用功了
1>“with + n / pron + v-ing” 这一结构在句子中作伴随状语,说明情况,其中现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作。例如:
① ________our food ________, we had to walk to a village for help.(成都毕业班第一次诊断试题)
A. Since; runs out
B. Because; run out
C. With; running out
D. For; running out
[解析] 答案C。“since、because、for”作“由于、因为”讲,是连词,其后只能跟从句,不能跟复合结构,所以不能选A、B、D。由于run out是不及物动词短语且与our food之间存在主谓关系所以只能用running out 结构,with在这里表示原因,故答案是C。句意是:在我们的食物快要用完的情况下,我们不得不向附近的村子求援。
②.When mother went into the house, she found her baby was sleeping in bed, ________ his lips moving.
A. as
B. with
C. for
D. through
[解析] 答案B。该题是考查介词短语用作状语用法的。“as”作为连词,意为“因为、由于”,其后必须跟从句;作为介词,意为“作为”,从语法和句意方面都不符合;而for和through 在这里从语法和句意方面也不能用。在所给的选项当中,只有with才可以构成这一复合结构,用作表示伴随情况的状语,故选B。句意是:当妈妈走进房子的时候,她发现自己的孩子正睡在床上,嘴唇一直在动。
2>.“with + n / pron +v-ed. ”这一结构在句子中作原因状语,其中过去分词表示被动或完成了的动作。例如:
①---You should have prepared your speech for the meeting , Mrs Smith .
---Yes, I know .But how could I ______the meeting date fixed so soon .(2005东北三校联考)
A. while
B. as
C. after
D. with
[解析] 答案:D。在所给的选项当中,只有as与with有“由于、因为” 之意,而as是连词,其后必须跟从句,所以不能用在这里。只有with符合这一用法,构成复合结构,用作表示原因的状语,代词I之后省略了动词prepare。句意是:因为会议日期确定的太快了,我还没有准备好。
②________ more and more forests damaged ,some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out .(2005石家庄市高三调研试题)
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. By
[解析] 答案C。此题考查with复合结构“with + n / pron +v-ed. ”的用法,在这里表示原因。as和for常常引导的是一个表示原因的句子,而介词by显然没有这种用法。句意是:由于越来越多的森林遭到破坏,一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。
③Many large cities, such as Liverpool and New York , have had experiments of this kind,
________ old factories turned into successful art centers.(南京市高三模拟试题)
A. for
B. with C .as D .like
[解析] 答案B。本题也是考查with复合结构用法的,表示一种伴随情况。介词for与as 虽具有“由于、因为” 之意,但其后要跟从句,,like没有“由于、因为” 之意,应该排除A、C、D,答案是B。句意是:随着旧工厂被成功地改制为艺术中心,许多大城市(如利物浦和纽约)都做着这方面的尝试。
3>“with + n / pron + to do ”这一结构在句子中作原因状语,其中不定式表示将要发生的动作。