隋铭才《英语国家概况》(章节题库 第17章 英美政党和选举)【圣才出品】

第17章英美政党和选举

I.Multiple Choices.

1.Which of the following statement is NOT true?

A.Sinn Fein is the legal political Party in Northern Ireland.

B.Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists.

C.Social Democratic and Labor Party is a very important political Party in Britain.

D.Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists.

【答案】C

【解析】英国的三大政党为保守党（the Conservative Party）、工党(the Labour Party)和自由民主党(the Liberal Democrat Party).

2.______is the primary opposition to the Conservatives.

A.The Liberal Party

B.The Conservative Party

C.The labour Party

D.The Liberal Democrat Party

【答案】C

【解析】在英国，保守党是个大党派，C项工党是保守党最大的对手。A项自由党发展成为D项自由民主党，它是在英国最受欢迎的第三大政党。

3.______is the primary opposition to the Conservatives.

A.The Liberal Party

B.The Conservative Party

C.The Labour Party

D.The Liberal Democratic Party

【答案】C

【解析】在英国，保守党是个大党派，C项工党是保守党最大的对手。A项自由党发展成为D项自由民主党，它是在英国最受欢迎的第三大政党。

4.The Labour Party became one of the two major parties after______.

A.1916

B.1922

C.1930

D.1945

【答案】B

【解析】1922年英国工党在大选中的所得议席第一次超过自由党，自此成为英第二大党，开始了与保守党争雄的历史。

5.The Conservative Party supports the following policies except______.

A.denationalization

B.free enterprise

C.extending the social service

D.cautious social reform

【答案】C

【解析】保守党主张是传统的国家治理方式，即有限政府，让人民自主自立，政府只充当中间人的角色，调节矛盾双方的平衡，故A项非国有化、B项自由企业和D项慎重实行社会改革均符合其主张。而C项扩大社会服务则不符合。

6.America’s first two political parties in the late18th century were______.（北京交大2005研）

A.the Democratic and the Republican

B.the Democratic and the Federalist

C.the Federalist and the Republican

D.the Federalist and the Liberal

【答案】C

【解析】联邦党和共和党是十八世纪后期美国最早出现的两大政党。

7.In the1800s the Whigs merged with other parties interested in social reform to form______.

A.the Liberal Party

B.the Conservative Party

C.the Labour Party

D.the Liberal Democrat Party

【答案】A

【解析】光荣革命中出现的辉格党最终同其他党派合并成为自由党，此时出现的另一个党

派托利党19世纪中叶演变成保守党。

II.Fill in the blanks.

1.The British Prime Minister from the Conservative Party who was also known as the“Iron Lady”was______.（对外经贸2005研）

【答案】Margaret Thatcher

【解析】撒切尔夫人是英国保守党第一位女领袖，也是英国历史上第一位女首相，而且是创造了蝉联三届，任期长达11年之久的记录的女首相。她以其意志刚强，作风果断，不屈不挠，对苏联强硬而获得“铁娘子”之称。

2.The Tories took on the additional name of______in the1830’s in order to appeal to a broader electorate,and both names are used interchangeably.

【答案】the Conservative Party

【解析】托利党为吸引选民，于1833年改称保守党。托利党出现于1688年革命时期，托利党人是指那些支持世袭王权、不愿去除国王的人。

3.Parliament is elected roughly every______years and is dissolved by______on the advice of______,who then calls a general election.

【答案】five;the Crown;the prime minister

【解析】议会每五年选举一次，首相有权建议女王取消议会再进行一次大选。

4.There are three major parties in the UK:______,the Labour party and______.（北二