翻译答案

翻译答案

Unit 1

Reading Aloud

我一星期拜访伯恩斯先生两次，总是在固定的日子、固定的时间。每次去时，他总是坐在椅子上，拐杖靠在墙上。伯恩斯先生有一台小的黑白电视机，但是他显然更喜欢在闲暇时读书和听唱片。看见我，他总是显得特别高兴。虽然我对自己说能助他人一臂之力我很高兴，但是让我更加欣慰的是遇见了一个能够让我向之倾吐内心模糊不清的思想和感觉的人。

准备晚饭时，我告诉伯恩斯先生自己心里觉得万分内疚。在父亲去世前的两个星期里我因为和他闹别扭没跟他说话。我再也没有机会请求父亲的原谅，而他也没有机会请求我的原谅了。

虽然伯恩斯先生也说，但大多数时间他都让我说。我记得他通常是在倾听。但他听得如此专注，不仅仅是在全神贯注地听我说话，简直就是在阅读我，吸收我提供的所有信息，并将自己的阅历和想象融入其中，从而更加准确地理解我的话。

Translational writing

If someone who has close relationship with you is suffering from depression, what can you do to help him out? Here are some suggestions:

1) Learn all about how to cope with depression;

2) Help him recognize that there is a problem;

3) Tell him that it is not necessary to feel guilty about asking for help;

4) Try to get him out of the place where he is isolating himself.

For instance, advising him to go out for a walk, watch

movies, or have some other outdoor entertainment

activities. New surroundings will be good for him;

5) Watch out for any change in his behavior, which can

indicate big trouble;

6) Provide emotional support. What a depressed person needs

most is an understanding approach as well as a shoulder to

lean on. In response to his irrational words, it is useless to

argue with him. Instead, you might try saying, “I’m sorry that

you’re feeling bad. What can I do to help?”

unit 3

Reading Aloud

我的爷爷奶奶相信，一个人要么是诚实的，要么就是不诚实的，不存在两者之间的情况。他们起居室墙上挂着一句简朴的格言:“人生就像一片刚下过雪的田野，我选择走的每一步都会留下印迹。”他们不需多说——他们以自己的生活方式践行这条格言。

他们本能地知道，正直就是具有自己的道德和伦理准则，这个准则不会屈服于自己的眼前利益，也不会随当下的情形而发生变化。正直是判断自己行为的心灵准则。遗憾的是，正直在今天可是个稀缺物，而且越来越稀罕。但它是社会每个领域真正的底线，是我们必须对自己要求的东西。对这种美德很有效的考验就是我所称的“正直三元素”，它由三个主要原则组成：

Translational writing

My grandparents taught me that integrity means having a personal standard of morality and

ethics that does not serve our personal interest or relative to the situation at hand. Unfortunately, integrity is in short supply in the world today. But we still should keep in mind the following three key principles of integrity. Firstly, stand firmly for your convictions in the face of personal pressure. Secondly, always give others credit that is rightfully theirs.

And thirdly, be honest and open about who you really are. If we can do these, we are living a life of principle and don’t have to bother to often look back at the tracks we have left behind.

Unit 4

Reading Aloud

美国文化的特点之一是对独立自强者的颂扬，即那些通常从干体力劳动起步、通过自己的努力取得成功的人。工商界的领袖或大学教授拥有很高的社会地位，在社区里深受尊重，但这些人往往会煞费苦心地指出，其父辈刚来美国时是以在农场做工或者从事其他体力劳动谋生的。

来到美国定居的大多数都是穷人，他们踏上的这片国土也只是一片荒地，需要垦荒造田，建造房屋、商店和公共建筑。人人都必须参与建设，因此体力劳动很受重视。Translational writing

One of the characteristics of American culture is the praise for the selfmade man who rises from a humble beginning to a better position. This ideal is seen in many aspects of American life.

A couple may live in a luxuriously furnished house but they will do the household chores by themselves because the majority families cannot afford to pay what people who do housework by the hour charge for their service. Their son or daughter may get a summer job entailing manual labor to earn next year’s school expenses. Those who earn their living through manual labor command good salaries. College professors remain lower on the economic scale although they occupy a higher social position. So in the United States professional people may stoop to some manual labor sometimes and don’t feel above manual workers. This has contributed to keeping alive the spirit of “do-it-yourself”.

Unit 6

Reading aloud

在未来，医院将变成主要为人们提供诊断的场所。每年，每个人将去医院做一到两次快速的、无痛的身体结构分析。分析结果将和去年的分析结果进行比对，看看身体是否发生了什么变化。

医生们也无需依靠记忆或书面记录进行对比分析。很可能将由计算机跟踪病人，并且几乎和身体分析同样快地作出诊断结果。

Translational writing

Medical advances have made it possible that people can live longer and better than before. For example, scientists have already found that the body machinery is directed by the genes which we inherit from our parents. Therefore, some abnormalities can be detected before a child is born, and some decisions can be made as to what to do by the parents. What’s more, sex of babies can be identified before they are born.

However serious ethical problems may also arise. Should parents be able to choose the sex of their children? What if everyone decides they want to have boys? Thus, it seems important to diagnose this kind of social problem before it does harm to us.