2019届高三英语二轮复习教师用书：第十一讲 构词法

第十一讲构词法

1．(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of (achieve)．

2．(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the (develop) of chopsticks.

3．(2016·高考全国乙卷短文改错)Instead，he hopes that his business will grow steady.

4．(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)At one time，I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.

5．(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.

6．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat

(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.

7．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)As (nature)architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

8．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it (regular)arranges quick getaways here for people...

9．(2015·高考广东卷语法填空) (lucky)，he also had a cow which looked almost abandoned.

10．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)The river was so polluted that it (actual)caught fire and burned.

11．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)While there are

(amaze)stories of instant transformation，...

12．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers

(sudden)became friendly to one another.

13．(2014·高考辽宁卷语法填空)I can't control my body well.My legs become (pain)．14．(2013·高考广东卷语法填空)That would be a very

(reason)thing to do in a big city.

15．(2013·高考广东卷语法填空)But such a small thing couldn't

(possible)destroy a village.

答案：1.achievement 2.development 3.steady→steadily 4.freely→free 5.wear→wearing 6.slowly 7.natural8.regularly9.Luckily10.actually11.amazing12．suddenly13.painful14.reasonable

15.possibly

1．常考前缀

(1)表示否定或相反意义的前缀dis-，mis­，un­，il­，im­，

in­，ir­，non­，anti­：disagree，misunderstand，unwilling，illegal，impossible，nonstop等。

(2)形容词变动词的前缀en-：able→enable；large→enlarge，rich→enrich等。

(3)其他：inter-相互，over­超过，re­重新，ex­以前的，super­超，vice­副：interaction，overweight，reuse，ex­husband，super­natural，vice­chairman。

2．常考后缀

(1)形容词＋ly变成副词：real→really，angry→angrily，possible→possibly等。

(2)动词或名词变成形容词的后缀-able，­ful，­ous，­y，­al，­ible，­ive，­ary：nature→natural，use →useful，continue→continuous，health→healthy等。

(3)动词变名词的后缀-al，­ance，­ence，­tion，­ssion，­ment，­ture，­y：arrive→arrival，

appear→appearance，exist→existence，invite→invitation等。

(4)形容词变名词的后缀-cy，­dom，­ence，­th，­age，­ty，­ity：fluent→fluence，wise→wisdom，silent →silence，grow→growth，safe→safety等。

(5)表示人的后缀-er，­or，­ist，­ee，­ess，­ese，­an，­ian，­ant：teacher，inventor，artist，employee，Chinese，American，musician，servant等。

(6)表示否定的后缀-less：hopeless，endless，fearless，careless，treeless，meaningless等。

(7)形容词变动词的后缀-en，­fy：broad→broaden，class→classify等。

(8)名词变动词的后缀-ize：apology→apologize等。

3．转化法

(1)名词→动词：back n．背→v t.支持，seat n．座→v t.容纳。

(2)动词→名词：walk→take a walk，survey→make a survey。

(3)形容词→动词：slow adj.慢的→v.减慢。

4．合成法

(1)名词＋名词→名词：classroom，teamwork，newspaper。

(2)形容词＋名词→名词：blackboard，highway。

(3)副词＋名词→名词：overcoat，underground，outbreak。

(4)副词＋动词→动词：update，overlook。

(5)名词＋动词→动词：sun-bathe，proof­read。

(6)名词＋分词→形容词：man-made，hand­made，peace­keeping。

(7)形容词＋分词→形容词：good-looking。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空