欧洲发动机排放法规研究

European and Worldwide Emission Legislation

for Small Spark Ignition Engines 欧洲和世界小型火花点火式发动机排放法规

Dr. Holger Lochmann, Andreas STIHL AG & Co. KG 安德烈斯蒂尔有限公司Holger Lochmann 博士International Conference on Nonroad Engine Certification in China

Beijing

22 and 23 January 2008

中国非道路用发动机排放认证·国际会议

北京

2008年1月22日~23日

Outline 目录

z Overview about International Emission Legislation z国际排放法规概述

z Concepts and Limits

z概念和限制

z Engine Emission Technology and Technical Barriers z发动机排放技术和技术壁垒

z Pro’s and Con’s of the different legislative concepts 不同法理念的利弊

z不同立法理念的利弊

z Outlook

z展望

EU 27 member states

305 Mio inhabitants 3.05亿人口

490 Mio inhabitants

欧盟27个成员国

31 Mio inhabitants 3100万人口

总人口4.9亿

Overview International Activities for Emission Legislation (SSIE)

国际排放立法活动（SSIE ）概述

EU Technical Report (Stage 3)Europe:欧洲

欧盟技术报告（第3阶段）

Emission Inventory Switzerland :瑞士

排放清单

Canada:加拿大

CEPA Phase 2

加拿大环境保护法案（第2阶段）

USA: 美国

EPA Phase 2

美国环境保护署（第2阶段）

Emission Regulation China :中国

in preparation 排放法规筹备中

Emission Regulation

Turkey :土耳其

d di i CARB USA:美国

Tier III

（第三级）Australia :澳大利亚

under discussion 排放法规讨论中

加州空气资源局（第级）

Negotiations on Implementing

an mandatory Emission Regulation 正在商讨实施一种强制性排放法规

worldwide approach 世界各国举措

United States 美国

CARB (California), normally these have been the most stringent requirements and served as trendsetters for subsequent emission regulations.

加州空气资源局，制定可最严格的排放要求，为之后的排放法规树立标尺 加州空气资源局，制定可最严格的排放要求，为之后的排放法规树立标尺。

EPA (49 states), world wide reference for the industry. Evaluation of EPA Phase 3 is underway

美国环境保护署（49个州），是世界各国业内参考标准，目前第三阶段的工作正在评估中。

Canada 加拿大

adopted EPA regulations, US certified engines are accepted by the authorities

采用美国环境保护署法规。官方承认经美国认证的发动机。

European Union 欧盟

(all 27member states),basically adapted the limits from EPA,the regulations are less flexible and the (all 27 member states), basically adapted the limits from EPA, the regulations are less flexible and the introduction of a variety of exemptions where necessary. These exemptions must be continued unless averaging flexibilities are added (under negotiation)

（包括所有27个成员国），基本上是改编美国环境保护署的规定，法规不够灵活，必要时需要引入一些豁免条款。在未加入一些灵活性规定之前，豁免条例必须持续执行（磋商中）Chi

China Aligning with EU style of regulations (2002/88/EC)

参照欧盟的法规模式。

Regulation and Guidance Documents 规定和指导文件

EPA:Regulation and Guidance Document 40CFR Part 90:规定和指导文件40CFR 第90部分：

z Title 40: Protection of Environment 标题40：环境保护

z

Part 90: Control of emissions from nonroad spark-ignition engines p g g 第90部分：非道路用发动机排放物控制

to find under: /otaq/equip-ld.htm#regs

详情请访问：/otaq/equip-ld.htm#regs

CARB:Regulation and Guidance Document 规定和指导文件

z

Final regulation order for 2005 and later small Off-Road-Engines 2005及以后非道路用发动机最终规定法令

to find under:/msprog/OFFROAD/sore/sorectp/sorectp.htm#reg /msprog/OFFROAD/sore/sorectp/sorectp.htm#reg 详情请访问：g p g p p g

EU:Directive 97/68/EC of the European Parliament and Council 欧洲议会和理事会指令97/68/EC

z Directive 97/68/EC: Basis Directive (Compression ignition engines)

指令：97/68/EC 基本指令（压燃式发动机）

z Directive 2002/88/EC: Amending Directive 97/68/EC (Spark ignition engines < 19 kW)<19kW 指令2002/88/EC ：修订指令97/68/EC （火花点火发动机 19 kW ）z

Directive 2004/26/EC: Amending Directive 97/68/EC (Marine engines)指令2004/26/EC: 97/68/EC 修订指令（船用发动机）

to find under: www.europa.eu.int/geninfo/query/resultaction.jsp

详情请访问：www.europa.eu.int/geninfo/query/resultaction.jsp