2020高考英语语法填空：解题技巧

? 三级：有表示范围的 in of/among 介词短语或形容词前有 the 时，一般要用最高级； than 的前
面一定要用比较级
形形形形形形形形形
形形
形形形形
(adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my
delight.
⑥ A talk
(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.
⑦ I was the first Western TV reporter
from high blood pressure to mental illness.
④ Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already
（பைடு நூலகம்xhaust）
shoulder.
⑤ I had difficulty
the arm and walked her across the street.
⑤ Tom had to turn
the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
⑥ It will be finished
an hour.
教师说明：通过纵横填字谜的游戏告诉学生：语法填空和字谜类似，都是根据 提供的线索来补充完整空格。
一、如何备考语法填空
常见搭配 +基本句型和句子成分
有提示词 无提示词
习惯
多阅读培养语篇理解能力
二、阅读理解的解题方法
无提示词
无提示词，只能在空白处填入 1 个单词，填入单词的词性为冠词、介词、连词、不定代词、 助动词、情态动词（口诀：冠介连代助）。每个词性最多考一次，具体内容如下：
一、给出动词原形
必考点，通常不止考一处。 [ 解题技巧 ] ? 词性转换：根据句子成分需要，把动词变成名词、形容词，做题方法见“四”； ? 动词本身： 一看是与非，二看主与被，三看定形式，四看主一致
一看是与非：分析句子结构，确定是谓语还是非谓语。 如缺谓语动词，则考查动词的时 态和语态。
二看主与被：看主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系，以确定用主动语态还是被动语 态。
⑤ To say is one thing, but to do is
thing.
二、介词
? 注意搭配问题，见“ 高频动词 & 介词短语集锦 ” ? 设空后是名词、动名词或 what 从句
即学即练
① Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 the averag℃e .
⑤ A smile costs
, but gives much.
五、情态动词和助动词
[ 解题技巧 ] ? 如果空格后面是动词原形，则考查的是情态动词或助动词 ? 如果句首有否定词，则可能考查的是倒装助动词。
do 表强调。
即学即练
① “Hello, ”she said, hesitantly. “Thissound crazy but I was on my way to drop some
people from the towns met regularly.
⑤ One day, the cow was eating grass
it began to rain heavily.
四、代词
[ 解题技巧 ] ? 当句子缺主语或宾语时，多半考查的是代词。代词的考点有指示代词和不定代词等。 ? 有的不定代词， 如 another, the other,many,much, either, neither,both,any,all, eac等h 还可以 在名词前作定语。若名词前缺少定语时，根据意义和用法，以及主谓一致等，填入一个恰 当代词。 ? 替代词 it,that, those,one ? it 的用法 (1)替代前面提到的同一事物 (2)替代前面整句话的内容。 (3)指动物、婴儿 ,或在情景中确认的某人 (4)指时间、距离、气候、环境等 (5)作形式主语或形式宾语
三看定时态：根据语境或时间状语判断用哪种时态，如语境和时间不明显，则与上下句时 态一致。
四看主一致：注意主谓一致。
即学即练
① Then, handle the most important tasks first so you
’ll feel a real sense(aocfhieve).
② It could be anything —gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is,
(make)
sure it ’ s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
③ In recent years, stress
(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems,
即学即练
① Over time,
the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it
would cook more quickly.
② It was time for her to have a new baby, it was also time for the young panda to be
课标 全国Ⅲ
记叙文
记叙文 说明文
1 2 1
合计
4
代词
0 1 0 1 1 0 3
1 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 1
考点
冠词
介词、动 形容词 词短语 、副词
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
0
1
2
1
4
4
5
13
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
64
2
4
5
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
2
3
3
谓语 动词
2 1 2 1 2 1 9 2 2 1 1 2 8 1 2 2 5
independent.
③ Give me a chance,
I ’ll give you a wonderful surprise.
④ When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables, and cotton in the market
非谓语 动词
2 3 2 2 2 1 12 2 1 1 3 3 10 3 2 2 7
并列连
词、复合
句及其他 1 1 1 1 1 2 7 1 0 2 1 1 5 1 1 3 5
① 语法填空是在一篇 200 词左右的短文中留出 10 个空，考查根据上下文选择合适单词形
式的能力。
② 语法填空考查形式分为给出提示词和不给提示词两种（数量比一般为 7:3 ）。给出提示
firm hand shake.
② Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be
Beethoven.
③ I earn 10 dollars
hours as
supermarket cashier on Saturday.
④ I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.
③ In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from
in the UK.
④ She’d lived in London and Manchester, but she liked
and moved to Cambridge.
词主要是实词形式的转换，不给提示词主要是根据上下文填入合适虚词。
③ 语法填空挖空一般比较均匀，所挖的空不会影响学生对短文的整体理解。
④ 对形容词、副词，非谓语动词及并列句、复合句的考查已成为语篇型填空的热点。
⑤ 在未来高考语篇型填空中，对动词 ( 谓语动词、非谓语动词 ) 、形容词、副词、名词的考
查仍会是考试热点；对于介词、动词短语、复合句的考查仍会是考试的难点。
③ It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves,
bring me food.
④ He
come but soon went back.
有提示词
有提示词的需要选择给出单词的适当形式填空， 填入单词数在 1~3 个词，给提示词的单词 为实词：动词、形容词或副词、名词和人称代词。
二、给出形容词或副词
℃℃℃℃℃℃是高频考点，当给出形容词或副词时，往往要求写出形容词或副词的
比较级或
最高级 形式；有时考查形容词与副词之间的转换。
[ 解题技巧 ]
? ℃℃℃℃℃
根据句子结构定词性 ℃℃℃℃℃℃℃副℃还修句形
形修名副修动：形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词
副还修句形：副词还可以修饰句子、形容词和副词。
② She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went
the road.
③ Many of the things we mow benefit from would not be around but
Thomas Edison.
④ The little pupil took his grandma
of my mother ’ s things off at the charity bins.
” You are just so much like her.
”
② Not until I returned
I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.
语法填空解题技巧
卷名
体裁
名词 / 数词
2019
说明文 1
2018
说明文 1
2017 课标 说明文 1
2016 全国Ⅰ 记叙文 2
2015
记叙文 1
2014
议论文 1
合计
7
2018
说明文 1
2017 2016 2015
课标 全国Ⅱ
说明文 说明文 说明文
2 2 1
2014
记叙文 0
合计
6
2018 2017 2016
一、冠词、形容词性物主代词或限定词
弄清句子结构，设空处后为名词或名词短语，设空处为名词的定语，又无提示词，可确定 设空处应填冠词（ a、an、the）、形容词性物主代词（如： my、your 等）或限定词（如： other， another，either，both 等）。
即学即练
① One way that Americans do this is with
(6)用于 it is..that..强调结构中
即学即练
① While some complaints might be reasonable, are taken from thin air.
② Susan made
clear to me that she wished to make a mew life for herself.
(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas
rescued.
⑧ While running regularly can’tmake you live forever, the review says it
(be)more
effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
⑦ He returned
a few days.
三、连词
考察并列连词（ and, but, or,so,for,because,when,while等）和从属连词（复合句）
[ 解题技巧 ] ? 连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词 and, or, but 等。 ? 若一个句子中有两个句子 (即有两个主谓结构 )，且没有连词，那空格处必定是填连词。 ? 根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系， 或者根据句式结构， 确定是并列句 (多要求考生填 and, but, while, when, or 等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义 和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。