高中英语定语从句讲义及习题

定语从句：复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句。

先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。

关系词：①关系代词：主语，宾语，表语。②关系副词：状语

1）限制性定语从句：

①关系代词：who(___/____), whom( ),whose( ) which, that,.

②关系副词: where, when, why .= 介词+关系代词

The number of people _____/_____- lost homes reaches as many as 250,000.

Look at the house ______ roof is red.

The farm _____/ ______ we visited last Sunday was located in the suburbs of Bei jing.

I will never forget the day ______/ _____ ____ I reached the top of Mount Tai.

This is the school ______/ ____ ______ I used to teach.

I don’t know the reason _____/ _____ _____ he left here.

★注意：①” whose +名词”= “名词+ of which.”

The house _______ roof was damaged has now been repaired.=

The house the _____ _____ _______ was damaged has now been repaired.

②关系代词在定语从句中可以作_______和________的宾语, 可以省略。但当作介词宾语时，且介词前置时，不能省略。指人只能用whom, 指物只能用which.

The chair ____ _______ she is sitting is made of plastics.

Once he went to a bookstore and bought some books, most of _____ were expensive ones.

Do you know the man I talked to just now?=

Do you know the man _____ ______ I talked to?

固定短语动词中的介词不可提前。

The three children _____________ she looked after sre at the same school now.

There are lots of things _____ I have to see to(处理) myself.

③引导定语从句的关系代词多用that, 少用which ,的情况。

a.先行词为everything, anything, nothing, all, much, little, few 等时。

▲something 后的关系代词that, which 皆可。

b.当先行词被the only, the very, the last 及序数词修饰时，

c.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。

d 当先行词既包含人又包含物时。

e.当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。

f.当先行词被all, any, few, little, no 修饰时。

Everything ______ can be done has been done. There are few books ____ we can read.

This is the only food ____ I can find for you. This is the last thing _______ I’ll do.

This is the most interesting film ______ I have ever seen.

They talked for about half an hour of things and persons ______ they remembered in the school.

All the books _____ he has translated are very popular here.

⑤当the same 修饰先行词时，引导定语从句的关系代词常用as ; (也可用that )

This is the same bicycle _____ I have lost.

⑥way做先行词，引导定语从句时，关系词只能用in which，that，或不填。

This is the way ( _____/ ____ ____) he did it.

⑦It is the first time that------句型，需用that.

It is the first time _______ I have been to the Great Wall.

⑧The reason _______ his sister was late is ______ her husband is dangerously ill in hospital.

2) 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：

①限制性定语从句对先行词起限定、区分的作用。有不可分割的关系。省去后句子意义不完整或不清楚。

②非限制性定语从句对先行词作进一步的说明和描述。省去后，句子意义仍然完整。非限制性定语从句前常使用“，”和句子隔开。

Those _____ want to go please put up your hands.

Dr. Brown, _______ lives next door, comes from America.

注意：①专有名词具有“独一无二”的含义，因而通常它只能由非限制性定语从句修饰。Hangzhou, _______ we visited last year, is one of the most beautiful cities in China.

②that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。其他关系词皆可以引导非限制性定语从句，且不可省去。

③which 在非限制性定语从句中，还可以用作定语。起限定词（this/ that/ these/ those）的作用，但其前面必须有介词。

Chaplin went to the States I n 1910, by _______ time he had learnt to dance and act in comedies.

He lost his temper, at ______ point I decided to go home.

3）as：

①关系代词引导限定性定语从句.但先行词须有such或the same或as/ so---as结构.

②引导非限制性定语从句，代表主句的整个内容。可在主句前，中，后。

Such teachers _____ he knows are all kind to him. The earth is round , ______ we all know.