国际经验与中国特色

国际经验与中国特色

中国作为后发现代化国家，极其需要借鉴国际经验。同时，在和平崛起进程中，中国又要以自己为主，来关注和解决自己的问题。这就是说，中国的现代化一定要有中国特色。

International Practice versus China’s Own Way

As a late-starter in modernization endeavor, China is in dire need of international experience./ China needs to draw on best practices worldwide as it seeks to accelerate its ongoing modernization drive./ Global experiences are essential to China, a late-starter in its push for modernization./ China has to draw on what the world has to offer in its aggressive push for modernization. That said, as China seeks a peaceful rise, it has to meet emerging challenges and identify viable solutions that reflect its national reality. In other words, China must modernize itself its own way.

Globally, China has a lot to learn as a late-starter in its push for modernization. Yet domestically, China has to come up with its own solutions to problems that emerge along the way towards peaceful rise. In other words, China’s modernization drive/program must carry Chinese features/go the Chinese way.

又比如，在农村富余劳动力的转移上，我们将逐步走出一条中国特色的城市化道路。目前，中国农村劳动力有5亿多人，今后20年大约有两亿多人要转移出来，在这个问题上，中国人不能做“欧洲梦”。欧洲在近代历史上，总共有6000多万人走到世界各地，到处建立殖民地，改变了世界版图。21世纪上半叶的中国人，只能在自己的国土上，通过城市和农村的精心协调发展，通过引导农村富余劳动力在不丧失土地的条件下，在城乡之间有序流动，来解决这个世界级的大难题。

When it comes to the transfer of surplus rural labor/When it comes to how we go about accommodating surplus rural labor, China is set to follow an urbanization path typical of its own. At this point, China is home to over 500 million rural laborers, and 20 years from now, roughly over 200 million farmers need to seek off-farm jobs. China can’t blindly copy/replicate the European way to accommodate such a massive influx of rural labor into cities. In early modern Europe, over 60 million Europeans left home to build colonies elsewhere across the world. And they changed the face of the world map as a result. In China’s case, however, we can only identify solutions within China’s own territory. That means we have to balance urban-rural development and facilitate the movement of rural laborers between farm work and urban jobs while keeping their farmland intact/banning or stamping out land expropriation/deprivation. And that is how we go about addressing/crashing this most daunting conundrum in the first half of the new century.

四川从今年开始将新建三个大熊猫自然保护区，使全省的大熊猫自然保护区达到40个，以确保50%左右的大熊猫栖息地和60%左右的野生大熊猫个体分布在保护区内。

3 new nature reserves for giant pandas are to be added to the existing protection network in Sichuan，home to the endangered species, starting from this year. These new shelters will, once in place, bring the total number of natural refuges for the living fossil to 40 in the southwestern province. All the conservation areas promise to cover 50% of all habitats, providing shelter for roughly 60% of the giant panda population living in the wild.

目前，四川省共有37个大熊猫自然保护区，占地200多万公顷，其中国家级大熊猫自然保护区11个。据第三次全国大熊猫普查，四川省野外的大熊猫数量为1206只，约占全国的76%。全省大熊猫栖息地面积达到177万公顷，占全国的77%。

At the moment, Sichuan is home to 37 nature reserves dedicated to giant pandas, 11 of which are state-level. Together, these natural refuges cover a total area of over 2 million hectares. The third national census on giant panda population suggests that 1206 giant pandas or 76% of the national total are living in the wild in Sichuan. Habitat area of giant pandas in the province stands at 1.77 million hectares, accounting for 77% of the national total.

20世纪50年代，中国就创立了第一个以保护大熊猫为目的的自然保护区。1992年中国政府启动了一个旨在全面彻底保护大熊猫栖息地的“中国保护大熊猫及其栖息地工程”，1998年开展了天然林保护、退耕还林等生态工程建设，这些工程开展以后，大熊猫生存繁衍状况明显好转。

Back in 1950s, China established the first-ever nature reserve for the rare species. In 1992, the Chinese government embarked on a massive project to protect them and their habitats. And in 1998 China set in motion natural forest protection and grain-to-green/farmland-to-forest programs. Over time, all these endeavors have made a visible difference in habitats of giant pandas and contributed a lot to their population growth.