论安德烈·勒菲弗尔改写理论

论安德烈·勒菲弗尔改写理论

摘要：安德烈勒菲弗尔改写理论强调在社会文化的范畴内进行翻译实践，翻译是一项复杂的活动，绝不是简单的语言间的转换，只有适用特定的意识形态，诗学并在赞助人的影响下，才能被目的语读者接受。改写理论为林纾的”误译”正名，为其提供了合理存在的理论依据。

关键词：改写理论意识形态诗学赞助人

on andre lefevere’s rewriting theories

1.theory introduction and illustration

andre lefevere’s main translation theories are refraction and rewriting. he defines refraction as “the adaptation of literature works to a different audience， with the intention of influencing the way in which that audience reads the work”（1992）.

rewriting is coined for translation studies need to tackle social-cultural， ideological and literary constrains. rewriting fits in with the development of literary translation and readers’ needs. since non-professional readers of literature are now exposed to literature more often by means of rewriting. the author here cites a case in point to illustrate its importance. the poetry of john donne remained relatively unknown for few decades but it was

catapulted to a hit after rediscovery by t.s. eliot and other modernists. rewriting is obviously the answer to this problem.

as for the aim of study on rewriting， people now “exits in the most manipulative culture human beings have ever experienced”（scholes 1985）， and studying rewriting will not teach people to write well， but it serves as a model that enables them to see through the manipulation of texts in all kinds of media.

in the process of rewriting， there are three manipulating factors， namely ideology， poetics and

patron. ideology is the synonym of form， convention， and belief and it is multi-faced and influences not only the selection and understanding of the source text， but also the expression and reception of the target text. living in late qing dynasty， lin shu was inevitably influenced by gender discrimination which was reflected in his works. take dialogues between mrs. shelly and mrs. shelly’s husband from uncle tom’s cabin for example，“mrs. shelly’s husband，‘you are cold and all in a shiver， you allow yourself to feel too much’； mrs. shelly ‘feel too much！ am not i a woman-a mother？’”mr. lin rendered the dialogue into “吾

悲女流，性情不如丈夫坚壮，动辄生畏”（zhang 2009）. however，the dialogue took place that mrs. shelly heard of her husband having sold eliza’s son to a slave owner. as a woman and a mother， she was sympathetic to eliza. nevertheless， driven by gender discrimination that women were fragile and underprivileged， lin did not take the real background into consideration.

patron is defined as something like powers that can further or hinder rewriting （lefevere 1992：15）. such powers can take on forms of individuals and institution. first of all，the individual patron-interpreter， will be discussed with regards to lin’s translated works. not all lin’s works were of quality and it should partly blame those interpreters who cooperated with lin， since he was a stranger to foreign languages. apart from individual patron， publishing house should not be neglected， either. lin cooperated with the commercial press after his first translated novel la dame aux camelias got a huge success in china. the commercial press adopted two ways to popularize lin’s works， the one in separate editions， the other in magazines. therefore， it is safe to say that lin’s translated novels wouldn’t be so popular without the patronage of the commercial press and