商学导论演讲稿

Identify

Whether a firm produces products or services, it needs a production process (also called conversion process), or a series of tasks in which resources are used to produce a product or service.

Many possible production processes can achieve the production of a specific product. Thus, effective production management (or operations management) aims at developing an efficient(relatively low-cost) and high-quality production process for producing specific products and services.

The main resources that firms use for the production process are human resources (employees), materials, and other resources (such as buildings, machinery, and equipment) Firms that produce products tend to use more materials and equipment in their production process.Firms that produce services (such as Internet firms) use more employees and information technology.

Human resources

Firms must identify the type of employees needed for production. Skilled Labor is necessary for some forms of production, but unskilled labor can be used for other forms.The operating expenses involved in hiring human resources are dependent both on the number of employees and on their skill levels. (put different people in the appropriate station)

Materials

The materials used in the production process are normally transformed by the firm’s human resources into a final product.Such as rubber, steel, paper. The number and the quality is very important because it attaches to the cost.

Other Resources

A building is needed for most forms of production. Manufacturers use factories and offices. Service firms use offices. rent the buildings

Last but not least

Combining the Resources for Production

Managers attempt to utilize the resources just described in a manner that achieves production at a low cost. They combine the various resources with The use of work stations and assembly lines. A work station is an area in which one or more employees are assigned a specific task. A work station may require machinery and equipment as well as employees. And an assembly line consists of a sequence of work stations in which each work station is designed to cover specific phases of the production process. Employees use buildings,machinery,and equipment to convert materials into a product or service.

Most production processes are more efficient when different employees Are assigned different tasks. In this way, employees can utilize their unique types of expertise to specialize in what they do best.