英语翻译

二、汉译英重要句型

1. 状语从句

1） 如果你坚持不听我的话,我就是要惩罚你。

If you persist in ignoring what I （have） said, I will punish you.

2） 如果你不努力学习,你就没有可能在竞赛中取胜。

If you do not study hard／work hard at your studied,you will stand no chance of winning / it will not be possible／it will be impossible for you to win in the contest.

3） 如果他被迫去做他不乐意做的事,他不可能高兴。

If he is compelled to do what he does not enjoy doing, he cannot be happy.

4） 不论他怎么说,我也不相信他

Whatever he says, I won't believe him.

5） 有些星辰的密度（density）达到某一点就会爆炸。

Some stars explode when their density increases to a certain point.

6） 直到最近我才意识到语言与文化密切相关。

I didn‘t realize that language was closely related to culture until （quite） recently that language and culture were so closely related to each other.

Not until （quite） recently did I realize that language was closely related to culture.

7） 我工作了一整天,所以你来看我时,我很疲倦。

I was very tired / exhausted when you came to see me, for I had been working the whole day.

8） 随着研究技术变得更加先进,用于实验的动物数量将会大大减少。

As research techniques become more advanced, the number of animals used in experiments will greatly decrease / decline / reduce / lower.

9） 虽然管理者不能预测未来,但他们的许多决策还是要求他们考虑到未来可能发生的事情。Although managers cannot predict the future, many of their decisions require that they consider/take into account possible future events.

10） 爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的,因此没有绝对的时间和空间。

Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable, so there is no absolute time and space/so time and space are not absolute.

11） 我因打破了眼镜,所以看不清当时发生了什么事。

I had broken my glasses （,） so I couldn't see what was happening.

I couldn't see what was happening because I had broken my glasses. / because of my broken glasses.

Because I had broken my glasses, I couldn't see what was happening.

12） 我更喜欢住在乡村,因为那里空气污染不太严重。

I prefer to live in the country in that the air pollution there is less serious.

2. 名词从句

2） 不用说,我们现在已不是生活在传统社会。

It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditional society.

3） 你是否把所有的钱都从银行里取出来由你自己决定。

It's up to you whether you will withdraw all your money

form the bank.

4） 他们是怎样按计划完成这项工程的仍然是个谜。

How they had completed the construction in time / as planned remained / is still a mystery.

5） 他能否按时到达,现在还不得而知。

It is not yet known／It is hard to say whether／if he will arrive／come on time.

6） 人们认为饭后散步有助消化。

It is believed that taking a walk after meals promotes digestion / is good to your stomach.

7） 他说的与事实完全相反。

What he said was totally opposed to the facts.

8） 科学家正在研究为什么白日梦（daydreaming）会有益于人们的健康。

Scientists are studying why daydreaming is beneficial/conducive to people's health.

9） 他的肤色与他是否是个好教授没有关系。

The color of his skin is irrelevant to whether he is a good professor or not.

10） 那位生物学家相信某些动物物种正受到灭绝的威胁。

The biologist is convinced / believes that some animal species are faced with the danger of extinction.

11） 我不知道他是否能够提供有力的证据。

I wonder if he can provide positive proof.

12） 爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的,因此没有绝对的时间和空间。

Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable, so there is no absolute time and space/so time and space are not absolute.

13） 最新的研究成果表明,白日做梦是日常生活的一部分。

Recent research indicates that daydreaming is part of daily life.

14）你所说的与我们正在讨论的豪不相干。

What you said has nothing to do/has no relevance with what we are discussing.

　3. 定语从句

1） 一个具有文学艺术欣赏力的人能胜任这项工作。

A person who appreciates / A person with appreciation of art and literature is qualified for the job.

2） 处理这项事务的政府部门没有做统计。

The government department that deals with this does not keep statistics.

3） 短缺并未严重到你报道的那种程度。

The shortage do not exist to the extent that you report.

4. 比较级和最高级

1） 快速旅行对人体的影响比我们意识到的要大得多。

The effects of rapid travel on the human body are much greater than we realize.

2） 一个社会的人口增长率越接近零,其人口便越老龄化。

The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth, the older its population is.

3） 近年来,计算机在各个领域的应用越来越广泛。

In recent years, the computer is finding wider and wider application in all fields.

4） 时间是世界上最容易浪费也是最难以把握的东西。

Time is the easies

t thing in the world to waste and the most difficult thing to control.

5）男人的平均身高比女人高几英寸。

On the average, men are higher than women by several inches/several inches higher than women.

6）这次考试比我们预想的要难得多。

The test was much more difficult than we had expected.

5. 动词

1） 众所周知,即使同样的休闲活动,不同的人可能使用的方式也不相同。

It is well known that even the same leisure activity may be used differently by different individuals.

2） 据说那个病人曾要求医生助他一死。

The patient is said to have asked the doctor to help him die.

3） 几年前被认为不可能实施的手术现在医院都能做。

Operations that were considered impossible a few years ago can now be performed in many hospitals.

4） 绝大多数医学上的重大进步都是建立在动物研究基础上的。

Most of the major medical advances are based on animal research.

5） 演唱者是由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏的。

The singer was accompanied on the piano by his pupil.

6） 我们匆匆忙忙地赶回学校,生怕天会下雨。

We hurried back to school lest it should rain.

7） 三年前她曾在伦敦一家茶厂工作,工资很低。

Three years age she used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in London.

8） 将来还会有脑力劳动和体力劳动的区别吗？

Will there be any difference between the mental and the manual labor in the future？

9） 警察已着手对这个案子进行细致、全面的调查。

The police have taken a detailed and comprehensive investigation into the case.

10） 人们对于如何达到这个目标有不同的看法。

People have different ideas／views about how to attain the goal.

11） 现在的问题不是读什么书而是怎样读书。

The problem now is not what to read,but how to read.

6. 强调句

那时在大学生中流行的正是民间音乐。

At that time it was folk music that was popular among college students.

1. 强调句 It was lightening that caused the forest fire last year.正是闪电引起了去年的那场火灾。

2. 虚拟语气 We hurried back to school lest/ for fear that it （should） rain. 我们匆匆忙忙地赶回学校，生怕天会下雨。

3. 比较级the more…the more The more time a person spends on his work,the less time he has to play. 一个人花在工作上的时间越多，花在玩耍上的时间就越少。

4. This subject is far more difficult than everybody has previously expected. 这门课程比每个人以前预料的还要难得多。

5. more than…/rather than… A political figure's success depends more on external factors than his own ch

aracteristics. 一个政治人物的成功与其取决于他个人的特点，不如说取决于外部因素。

6. 让步状语 Whether you believe him or not， you have to make the decision. 无论你是否相信他，你都必须做出决定。

7. no matter what/ who/when/how…,No matter how hard he tried,he couldn't persuade his friends to give up the adventure. 无论他怎么努力，都不能说服他的朋友们放弃冒险。

8. despite/in spite of …,He decided to carry out the plan in spite of the protest from his parents. 他决定不顾父母的反对执行他的计划。

9. 结果状语 I broke my glasses so that I couldn't see clearly what happened. 我打破了眼镜，以至于看不清当时发生了什么事。

10. The density of the star has become so great that it may explode at some time. 这颗恒星的密度如此之大，以至于它会在某一时刻爆炸。

11. 非限定性定语从句 As we expected正如我们所预料的那样/ As is well known众所周知， the project was finished successfully on time. 项目成功地提前完成。

12. 形式主语 It's no doubt that correct decisions made today will have a good effect on future. 毫无疑问，今天做出的正确决策将对未来有很好的影响。

13. 形式宾语 Many people find it important to keep a good living habit. 很多人认为保持一个良好的生活习惯非常重要。

14. 宾语补足语 The new electronic techniques make possible the effect that has never been created before. 新的电子技术使得一种从未有过的音响效果成为可能。

15. 倒装句 Not until recently did we realize that language was closely related to culture. 直到最近我们才意识到语言与文化密切相关。

16. Under no circumstances should you hesitate to offer your opinion as it is. 在任何情况下你都应毫不犹豫地说出你真实的想法。

17. 比较状语such … as … Such people as you described can hardly succeed in nowadays. 像你描述的那种人在当今社会很难取得成功。

18. 原因状语be different/ similar … in that…Robots are different from automatic machines in that they can be reprogrammed to do another job.

机器人和自动化机器的不同之处在于它能被重新编程完成其它的任务。

19. 宾语从句people hold different attitudes as to… 人们对于是否应该用动物做实验持不同的态度。people hold different attitudes as to whether animals should be used in experiments.

20. 并列句 …not only…but also… Sports can not only benefit our body,but also contribute immensely to mental health. 运动不仅对我们的身体有益，而且还极大地有助于精神健康。