湖南省高考英语完形填空二解题指导[课件][对应的学生讲义]

湖南高考英语完型填空(Ⅱ)应试方法与技巧

一、题型解读

英语语言知识的第三节为完型填空(II)，本节侧重考查考生语感以及语言的衔接、连贯、结构等语言知识运用的能力。分析此措辞，再比较完形填空第一节和第二节，可知：

1. 从考查的内容来看，第一节侧重考查词汇在语篇、语境中运用,关键词是“语义”；而第二节考查功能语法，即侧重于考词汇在篇章中的交际功能, 关键词是“衔接, 连贯”。

2. 从题型的形式看，第一节给定四个选项供考生选择，其中有一个正确选项；而第二节只给出空缺，没有选项，要求考生根据语境和自己已有的语法与词汇知识来填空，这对考生的语言知识的提取和运用能力提出了更高的要求。

3. 单词的拼写能力和词形变换能力也是一个很重要的考查方向。

二、命题特点

共8个小题，每题1.5分，满分12分。要求7分钟内完成。短文长度150~240词，设空平均间距17词左右，考查语境，侧重运用。尽量避免名词和动词，答案不一定唯一。

三、能力要求

有篇章结构意识,在语境和语篇中理解句子内部结构,找出句与句、段与段之间的内容联系,把握细微区别.具体体现在：

1. The ability of reading discourse 阅读/理解语篇的能力

2. Analysis of sentence structure 分析句子结构的能力

3. The ability to use grammar 熟练运用语法的能力

思考：

面对新完形填空如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎么入手呢？What’s the usual way you fulfill the task?

我们在做完形填空(二)时, 可以从词性、词形两方面入手。

一．根据句子结构，确定词性

e.g. (angry)

(1) He looked __________at the children.

(2) He looked _________at the news on the radio.

二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形

技巧1：词性

1）缺冠词

e.g. The college entrance examination is coming, my parents promise:

1) If I get high marks in the exam, I shall have ____ iphone as ____ prize.

2）They will give me ____ big surprise.

3) Of all the subjects, I like English best because it gives us _____ useful knowledge of it.

4) But my mood quickly changed when I saw ____first question.

2）缺代词

e.g. 1). Let’s start not to eat snake any more, because “to protect the snake is to protect_________”.

2). ___ is amazing that I won the first prize in the competition.

3). Get in the habit of remembering people’s na mes and using _____ often.

4). I want to find a house with a beautiful g arden, but I still haven’t found ___ I like yet.

3）缺介词

e.g.1）_____ a lot of work to do, he left school very early.

2) In fact, choosing eco-fashion can also contribute

___ our personal health…

3)This was around the time that I was getting to be larger ____ size than my father…

4) In short, I believe that it is ___ great use to keep a diary in English.

4）缺形容词或副词

e.g.1)When we got there, to our disappointment, we found the situation was much ______ than expected.

2) I immediately felt _________ of my violent(暴力的) behavior.

3) Of the MP3 we bought, mine is the __________. It only cost me 100 yuan.

4) Animals and plants are disappearing many times faster ______ they have in the past 65 million years.

5）缺连词

e.g. 1) See ______ your son has done.

2) I’ll never forget the days _____ I lived in the factory with the workers, ______ is a great help to my article.

3) After the war, a new school building was set up ______ there has once been a theatre.

4) _______ this is included in good education, the children will surely have a bright future.

5) I was ___ upset that I violently ripped (撕破) it from my chest!

6) It was only then ____ he realized his own mistake.

7) A nest is to a bird ______ a house to a man .

8) I was on the point of leaving _____ it rained.

9) _____ Hemingway puts it, “Life breaks us all, but afterwards, many of us are st rongest at the broken places. ”

6）缺连接词

e.g. 1) He has an high IQ, _______, he failed in school

2) Human activity often changes or destroys the habitats that plants and animals need to survive.

human populations are growing so fast.

3) In some cases, competition for resources among animals led to extinction and in cases,

environmental changes caused extinction.

技巧二词形

英语和汉语最大的不同在于英语有词形变化。词形变化主要涉及动词、代词、形容词、副词和名词。当确定所填的词是名词时，就要考虑是可数还是不可数名词，是单数还是复数名词。

形容词有原级、比较级和最高级。如果是动词就要更加小心。首先要判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，主动还是被动，是现在分词还是过去分词，还是不定式。代词则要考虑是主格还是宾格。

e.g. 1. China is ______ than Japan in size.

2. One of the_______ gift choices I ever made was for my high

school English teacher, which made him very unhappy.

3. The little boy pull ed ______ right hand out of the pocket…

1. The ability of reading discourse 阅读/理解语篇的能力

1). Later , I seemed to hear faraway voices saying that my right ______ was broken. I almost burst into tears. How

would I ever play the piano again?

2). Many old p eople don’t have good________. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to the music.

3). Many Africans are very ______, so they can’t afford to buy much meat.

2. Analysis of sentence structure 分析句子结构的能力

1). It was only then ____ he realized his own mistake.

2). He went to work early in the morning, _______ his son at home alone.

3. The ability to use grammar 熟练运用语法的能力