高一英语五种基本句型及巩固练习课件.
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一.句子成分
提
二.五种基本句型 纲
2020/5/11
2013-03-29 1
Revision Sentence elements
主语 (s)
谓语 (v)
宾语 表语 (IO,O) (P)
定语 状语 补语 (Attr) (Ad) (Cs, Co)
Vi
主谓
语 语 Vt link-V
宾语 宾语(直) 宾语(间) 宾语 宾补 表语
❖ You may keep the book for two weeks.
❖ He has caught a bad cold. ( 2 )由系动词加表语构成。如：
You are students.
2020/5/11
6
3. 表语：表示主语的身分、状态或特征，它一般 位于系动词（如：be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形 容词、分词、 数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、
The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.(代词）
How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词）
2020/5/11
8
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词） He pretended not to see me.(不定式短语）
I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语）
I think ( that ) he is fit for his office .(宾语从句）
❖ 宾语的种类： （1） 双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾 语） 如：Lend me your dictionary , please.
❖ They painted their boat white. 形容词
❖ Let the fresh air in. 副词
❖ You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.
动词不定式
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10
We saw her entering the room. 现在分词
Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组） He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）
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12
❖ He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短语）
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18
演绎语法：
英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变 万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系， 找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种 基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
• 英语五种基本句型列式如下：
There was an accident which happened to two students in our school yesterday afternoon. School was over. Michael and Jack from Grade 1 were going home by bike. They were talking and laughing happily. When they saw a car passing by, they started to run after it. It was very interesting. The bus stopped when the traffic light turned red. The two students couldn’t stop their bikes in time. Michael broke his left arm and Jack hurt his leg. It taught us a lesson that we should be careful in the street.
方式状语
She came in with a dictionary in her hand 伴随状语 In order to catch up with the others, I must work
harder. 目的状语 He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
结果状语
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14
让步状语
❖ She works very hard though she is very old.
❖ I am taller than he is.
比较状语
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15
二. 高中英语五种基本 句型及巩固练习课件
2020/5/11
2013--03-29
16
语篇引入：
developed country. 分词
❖ There are thirty women teachers in our school.
2020/5/11
名词
11
❖ His rapid progress in English made us surprised.
❖ Our monitor is always the first to enter the
• 基本句型一： Ｓ +Ｖ
（主＋谓）
• 基本句型二： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
副词及表语从句表示。例如：
❖ Our teacher of English is an American.(名词）
❖ Is it yours?
( 代词
❖ The weather has turned cold. 形容词
❖ Three times seven is twenty one 数词
❖ His job is to teach English. 不定式 ❖ His hobby is playing football. 动名词 The ❖2020/5/11 machine must be out of order. 介词短语 7
2020/5/11
4
❖ Chinese has become more and more popular.
They often speak English in class.
名词
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ代词
Two-thirds of the students in this class are girls.
To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
Time is up. The class is over. 副词）
The truth is that he has never been abroad.
表语从句
❖ 4、宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者，一般谓语 及物动词和介词的后面。例如：
They went to see an exhibition yesterday. ( 名词）
We found everything in the lab in good order.
We will soon make our city what your c介ity词i短s n语ow.
从句
❖ 6. 定语：修饰名词或代词的词或短语或从句称为 定语。定于可以有下列成分表示：
❖ Guilin is a beautiful city. 形容词 ❖ China is a developing country; America is a
❖ He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短 语）
❖ Wait a minute. (名词） ❖ Once you begin, you must continue.(状语从句）
❖状语种类如下：
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13
❖ How about meeting again at six? 时间状语 Last night she didn’t go to the dance party
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17
语篇引入：
There was an accident which happened to two students in our school yesterday afternoon. School was over. Michael and Jack from Grade 1 went home by bike. They were talking and laughing happily. When they saw a car passing by, they started to run after it. It was very interesting. The bus stopped when the traffic light turned red. The two students couldn’t stop their bikes in time. Michael broke his left arm and Jack hurt his leg. It taught us a lesson that we should be careful in the street.
classroom.(动词不定式）
The teaching plan for the next term has been worked out. 动名词
He is reading an article about how to learn English. 介词短语
7. 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子， 说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可 由以下形式表示:
数词 不定式
Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词
The rich should help the poor. 名词化的形容词
When we are going to have an English test has
not been decided. 主语从句
It is necessary to master a foreign language.
❖ (2) 复合宾语（ 宾语+宾补） 如:
They elected him their monitor.
2020/5/11
9
5.宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直 接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子 意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及 物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、 形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充 当。 ❖ His father named him Dongming. 名词
because of the rain. 原因状语
I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. 条件状语
Mr Smith lives on the third floor. 地点状语
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.
形式主语
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5
2、谓语：谓语说明主语所作的动作或具有的 特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在 主语之后。谓语的构成如下：
❖ 1） 简单谓语：有一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning.
❖ 2)复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加 动词原形构成。如：
2020/5/11
2
一、句法基础知识
2020/5/11
201303-29
3
一、句法基础知识
一、定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句 子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和 谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足 语和同位语。
二、 成分分析
1、主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主题，一 般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不 是疑问词时）和倒装句，主语谓语谓语、助动词和 情态动词后面。主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不 定式、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：
提
二.五种基本句型 纲
2020/5/11
2013-03-29 1
Revision Sentence elements
主语 (s)
谓语 (v)
宾语 表语 (IO,O) (P)
定语 状语 补语 (Attr) (Ad) (Cs, Co)
Vi
主谓
语 语 Vt link-V
宾语 宾语(直) 宾语(间) 宾语 宾补 表语
❖ You may keep the book for two weeks.
❖ He has caught a bad cold. ( 2 )由系动词加表语构成。如：
You are students.
2020/5/11
6
3. 表语：表示主语的身分、状态或特征，它一般 位于系动词（如：be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形 容词、分词、 数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、
The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.(代词）
How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词）
2020/5/11
8
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词） He pretended not to see me.(不定式短语）
I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语）
I think ( that ) he is fit for his office .(宾语从句）
❖ 宾语的种类： （1） 双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾 语） 如：Lend me your dictionary , please.
❖ They painted their boat white. 形容词
❖ Let the fresh air in. 副词
❖ You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.
动词不定式
2020/5/11
10
We saw her entering the room. 现在分词
Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组） He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）
2020/5/11
12
❖ He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短语）
2020/5/11
18
演绎语法：
英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变 万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系， 找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种 基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
• 英语五种基本句型列式如下：
There was an accident which happened to two students in our school yesterday afternoon. School was over. Michael and Jack from Grade 1 were going home by bike. They were talking and laughing happily. When they saw a car passing by, they started to run after it. It was very interesting. The bus stopped when the traffic light turned red. The two students couldn’t stop their bikes in time. Michael broke his left arm and Jack hurt his leg. It taught us a lesson that we should be careful in the street.
方式状语
She came in with a dictionary in her hand 伴随状语 In order to catch up with the others, I must work
harder. 目的状语 He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
结果状语
2020/5/11
14
让步状语
❖ She works very hard though she is very old.
❖ I am taller than he is.
比较状语
2020/5/11
15
二. 高中英语五种基本 句型及巩固练习课件
2020/5/11
2013--03-29
16
语篇引入：
developed country. 分词
❖ There are thirty women teachers in our school.
2020/5/11
名词
11
❖ His rapid progress in English made us surprised.
❖ Our monitor is always the first to enter the
• 基本句型一： Ｓ +Ｖ
（主＋谓）
• 基本句型二： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
副词及表语从句表示。例如：
❖ Our teacher of English is an American.(名词）
❖ Is it yours?
( 代词
❖ The weather has turned cold. 形容词
❖ Three times seven is twenty one 数词
❖ His job is to teach English. 不定式 ❖ His hobby is playing football. 动名词 The ❖2020/5/11 machine must be out of order. 介词短语 7
2020/5/11
4
❖ Chinese has become more and more popular.
They often speak English in class.
名词
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ代词
Two-thirds of the students in this class are girls.
To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
Time is up. The class is over. 副词）
The truth is that he has never been abroad.
表语从句
❖ 4、宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者，一般谓语 及物动词和介词的后面。例如：
They went to see an exhibition yesterday. ( 名词）
We found everything in the lab in good order.
We will soon make our city what your c介ity词i短s n语ow.
从句
❖ 6. 定语：修饰名词或代词的词或短语或从句称为 定语。定于可以有下列成分表示：
❖ Guilin is a beautiful city. 形容词 ❖ China is a developing country; America is a
❖ He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短 语）
❖ Wait a minute. (名词） ❖ Once you begin, you must continue.(状语从句）
❖状语种类如下：
2020/5/11
13
❖ How about meeting again at six? 时间状语 Last night she didn’t go to the dance party
2020/5/11
17
语篇引入：
There was an accident which happened to two students in our school yesterday afternoon. School was over. Michael and Jack from Grade 1 went home by bike. They were talking and laughing happily. When they saw a car passing by, they started to run after it. It was very interesting. The bus stopped when the traffic light turned red. The two students couldn’t stop their bikes in time. Michael broke his left arm and Jack hurt his leg. It taught us a lesson that we should be careful in the street.
classroom.(动词不定式）
The teaching plan for the next term has been worked out. 动名词
He is reading an article about how to learn English. 介词短语
7. 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子， 说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可 由以下形式表示:
数词 不定式
Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词
The rich should help the poor. 名词化的形容词
When we are going to have an English test has
not been decided. 主语从句
It is necessary to master a foreign language.
❖ (2) 复合宾语（ 宾语+宾补） 如:
They elected him their monitor.
2020/5/11
9
5.宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直 接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子 意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及 物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、 形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充 当。 ❖ His father named him Dongming. 名词
because of the rain. 原因状语
I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. 条件状语
Mr Smith lives on the third floor. 地点状语
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.
形式主语
2020/5/11
5
2、谓语：谓语说明主语所作的动作或具有的 特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在 主语之后。谓语的构成如下：
❖ 1） 简单谓语：有一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning.
❖ 2)复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加 动词原形构成。如：
2020/5/11
2
一、句法基础知识
2020/5/11
201303-29
3
一、句法基础知识
一、定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句 子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和 谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足 语和同位语。
二、 成分分析
1、主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主题，一 般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不 是疑问词时）和倒装句，主语谓语谓语、助动词和 情态动词后面。主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不 定式、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：